Question 1

Aronson and his students used ________ to convince university students to turn off water while soaping up in a shower room.

Accepted Answer

A)  a social dilemma 
B)  hypocrisy 
C)  large, obtrusive signs 
D)  monetary incentives

Question 2

Dr.Lovill conducted an experiment to test whether the investment or evolutionary models of romantic relationships are more accurate.Dr.Lovill is most likely conducting ________ research.

Accepted Answer

A)  applied 
B)  basic 
C)  esoteric 
D)  his dissertation

Question 3

Predicting what will make a person happy in the future is one type of

Accepted Answer

A) hindsight bias. 
B) affective forecasting. 
C) counterfactual thinking. 
D) clairvoyance.

Question 4

The two reasons that your text states as to why helping others makes people feel happier are that helping others

Accepted Answer

A)  enhances social relationships and increases the chances of monetary gain. 
B)  enhances social relationships and enhances the person's self-esteem. 
C)  enhances the person's self-esteem and increases the chances of monetary gain. 
D)  increases the chances of monetary gain and increases the chances of finding a good mate.

Question 5

Based on what the authors of your text report, what is something that people often strive for in the future that actually does NOT increase your happiness?

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfying social relationships 
B)  opportunities to help others 
C)  meaningful goals 
D)  monetary wealth

Question 6

Three of the controllable aspects of a person's life that can influence their happiness discussed in your text are

Accepted Answer

A)  satisfying relationships, financial wealth, and having children. 
B)  having children, pursuing a worthwhile goal, and helping others. 
C)  satisfying relationships, pursuing something you love, and helping others. 
D)  having many friends, monetary wealth, and being physical attractive.

Question 7

Public safety officials want to increase the use of seat belts among drivers and have decided to show a television ad documenting the rising use of seat belts among drivers.This represents the use of ________ norms to change safety behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive 
B)  injunctive 
C)  conjunctive 
D)  proscriptive

Question 8

Kurt Lewin is quoted as saying, "There is nothing so practical as a good theory." This quote is best interpreted as meaning that

Accepted Answer

A)  hypothesis testing is limited to the quality of the underlying theories. 
B)  to solve difficult social problems, one first needs to understand the underlying theory. 
C)  basic research is more important than application of the research. 
D)  social psychologists should focus on solving world problems.

Question 9

Overpopulation, global warming, and pollution are examples of actions that are beneficial for an individual but will be harmful if all people chose that course of action.

Accepted Answer

A)  cognitive dissonance 
B)  social dilemma 
C)  prisoner's dilemma 
D)  social conflict

Question 10

Recall that participants in a field experiment by Reno and his colleagues (1993) were more likely to properly dispose of a handbill left on their windshields when they saw a confederate pick up and dispose of a fast-food bag.Results of this experiment reveal the power of ________ to reduce littering behaviors.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive norms 
B)  self-awareness 
C)  injunctive norms 
D)  subjective norms

Question 11

During a drought, Lynne noticed that all of her neighbors had stopped watering their lawns, even though there were no laws against it.Lynne was following a ________ norm when she let her lawn turn brown, too.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive 
B)  proscriptive 
C)  objective 
D)  productive

Question 12

Nancy is listening to the radio while she drives.At the same moment she hears a message from the "Keep America Beautiful" campaign, she notices a fast-food bag on the side of the road.The difference between what Nancy hears and sees reflects the difference between ________ norms and ________ norms.

Accepted Answer

A)  descriptive; objective 
B)  descriptive; injunctive 
C)  injunctive; descriptive 
D)  objective; descriptive

Question 13

Right after a massive fire that killed 10 people, the firefighters were instructed to attend a psychological intervention that lasted for several hours.During this time, they discussed their experiences and responses.This intervention is known as

Accepted Answer

A)  Critical Incident Stress Debriefing. 
B)  Post-Traumatic Event Counseling. 
C)  Trauma Reduction Intervention. 
D)  Critical Trauma Debriefing.

Question 14

Researchers introduced an intervention to reduce energy consumption in different units of Dutch factories.Which of the following aspects of their intervention had the greatest (positive) impact on energy use?

Accepted Answer

A)  placing announcements in company magazines 
B)  providing weekly feedback on a unit's consumption 
C)  offering cash incentives for energy saving measures 
D)  providing comparative feedback on other units' consumption

Question 15

Complete the following analogy.Injunctive norms: descriptive norms :: __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  description: reality 
B)  acceptable behavior: actual behavior 
C)  actual behavior: acceptable behavior 
D)  laws: natural behavior

Question 16

You do not have the time or money to assess the recycling attitudes of residents in a neighborhood, and neither do you have the resources for a media campaign designed to change residents' attitudes toward recycling.Based on research conducted in Fairfax County, Virginia, what should you do to increase recycling in your community?

Accepted Answer

A)  Find "model households" that recycle and reward the residents. 
B)  Increase utility rates for those who do not recycle. 
C)  Provide free containers to hold recycled materials. 
D)  Give those households that recycle a rebate on their utility bills.

Question 17

The authors of your text suggest that environmental circumstances such as ________ impact a person's level of happiness.

Accepted Answer

A)  pollution 
B)  average outdoor temperature 
C)  political upheavals 
D)  the number of cloudy days per year

Question 18

Dr.Lewis wants to determine which type of intervention is the most effective at increasing the number of carpoolers in the state.According to your text, what type of research design would best answer this question?

Accepted Answer

A)  computer model 
B)  correlational 
C)  experiment 
D)  naturalistic observation

Question 19

People's perceptions of how others actually do behave are called ________ norms.

Accepted Answer

A)  injunctive 
B)  disjunctive 
C)  subjective 
D)  descriptive

Question 20

________ norms address people's perceptions of what other people approve of whereas ________ norms address people's perceptions of what other people actually do.

Accepted Answer

A)  Descriptive; injunctive 
B)  Proscriptive; descriptive 
C)  Injunctive; descriptive 
D)  Proscriptive; injunctive

Exam 14: Making a Difference With Social Psychology: Attaining a Sustainable Future