Question 1

The sperm and egg each contribute 50% of the nuclear genetic material to the zygote that becomes the embryo and the new plant.Mitochondria and plastids that become chloroplasts are passed primarily from the female parent.What feature of the male or female gametophytes accounts for this?

Accepted Answer

A) The female gametophyte is small and mobile and can pack a lot of cytoplasm into a tiny space. 
B) The female gametophyte is larger and formed from one surviving megaspore. 
C) The male gametophyte is formed in the anthers. 
D) Meiosis is not involved in the formation of the female gametophyte.

Question 2

Angiosperms are unique in having double fertilization that forms endosperm.What is true about double fertilization in angiosperms?

Accepted Answer

A) Two sperm combine with a polar nucleus to form endosperm. 
B) Two sperm combine with two eggs to form the zygote and endosperm. 
C) One sperm combines with the polar nuclei to form the zygote,and one sperm combines with the egg to form endosperm. 
D) One sperm combines with the egg to form the zygote,and one sperm combines with the polar nuclei to form endosperm.

Question 3

Home flower gardeners in northern latitudes like to grow plants that flower only in the spring or flower only in the late summer and fall.They are planting flowers that are most sensitive to

Accepted Answer

A) their summer vacation schedule. 
B) night length. 
C) temperature differences. 
D) the watering schedule. 
E) fertilizer applications.

Question 4

Pines,including the whitebark pine,are pioneer-type trees,meaning the young seedlings and trees need to grow in open areas with sunlight.Which of these would be most helpful in spreading the seeds of the trees?

Accepted Answer

A) bears,which eat and digest the seeds 
B) squirrels,which bury the seeds in the shade of the pines 
C) rodents,which cache the seeds in their deep underground burrows 
D) Clark's nutcracker,which caches the seeds on sunny hillsides

Question 5

A population of flowers varies from deep blue to nearly white.Bees are active during the day and prefer color.Moths are active at night,when colors are not very visible and white is more conspicuous.Design a scenario in which the blue and white flowers form two species where there once was one species.You must end with a conclusion that the two new species cannot interbreed (a definition of a species).

Accepted Answer

The answer of A population of flowers varies from deep...

Question 6

While looking at a flower in your garden,you notice that it has carpels with very long styles and stamens with very short filaments.This plant is most likely to reproduce by

Accepted Answer

A) cross-pollination. 
B) selfing. 
C) asexually.

Question 7

Most plants are adept at asexual reproduction.What is the probable explanation for the energy spent for sexual reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A) Photosynthesis produces so much sugar and oxygen,they need to be used. 
B) Sexual reproduction ensures that the same genes will be passed on to offspring. 
C) Sexual reproduction mixes up genes,contributing to variation in a species. 
D) Sexual reproduction is a sign of good health of the organism.

Question 8

Before plowing a field,a farmer thought the bare field looked weed-free.Three days after plowing and turning over the soil,he was amazed to see thousands of tiny seedlings.What kinds of seeds did the plowing help with germination?

Accepted Answer

A) large seeds that need winter in order to germinate 
B) small seeds that need light in order to germinate 
C) seeds that need exhaust from the tractor in order to germinate 
D) large seeds that need less water in order to germinate

Question 9

A gardener in Canada wants to surprise his mother on her birthday and make her favorite Shrubalthea bush flower in May instead of the end of June.The bush is growing in the greenhouse.Which of the following might make the Shrubalthea bush flower early?

Accepted Answer

A) fertilizing the bush 
B) grafting leaves of a Shrubalthea that was exposed to long nights 
C) grafting leaves of a Shrubalthea that was exposed to short nights 
D) exposing flower buds of the Shrubalthea bush to long nights 
E) exposing flower buds of the Shrubalthea bush to short nights

Question 10

The egg of a plant has a haploid chromosome number of 12 (n = 12).What is true about the number of chromosomes in the cells of other tissues of this plant?

Accepted Answer

A) The sperm has 6 chromosomes. 
B) The leaves and stems have 12 chromosomes. 
C) The zygote has 12 chromosomes. 
D) The endosperm has 36 chromosomes. 
E) All of these answers apply.

Question 11

After double fertilization in angiosperms,what development sequence is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) The embryo in the seed develops into endosperm. 
B) The ovary wall becomes the fruit. 
C) The ovule becomes the fruit. 
D) The entire carpel dries up and falls off the plant.

Question 12

How are the life cycles of liverworts and angiosperms alike?

Accepted Answer

A) In both groups,the sporophyte is the dominant generation. 
B) In both groups,the gametophyte is the dominant generation. 
C) In both groups,the gametophyte is smaller than the sporophyte. 
D) In both groups,the sporophyte is smaller than the gametophyte. 
E) In both groups,the sporophyte produces spores.

Question 13

Charles Darwin experimented with reactions of grass seedlings (monocots)relative to applied auxin (a plant hormone)and light.He used the youngest seedlings with a structure that dicots do not have.What is the name of that structure?

Accepted Answer

A) coleoptile 
B) cotyledons 
C) radicle 
D) seed coat

Question 14

A summer occupation in the Corn Belt states is de-tasseling the corn: removing unwanted male flowers so that female flowers on the same plant are pollinated by the desired pollen for the hybrid corn.What does this tell you about corn?

Accepted Answer

A) The flowers are perfect and the plant is dioecious. 
B) The flowers are perfect and the plant is monoecious. 
C) The flowers are imperfect and the plant is dioecious. 
D) The flowers are imperfect and the plant is monoecious.

Question 15

Which of these events happens first in nearly all seed germination?

Accepted Answer

A) The cotyledons appear aboveground,turn green,and photosynthesize. 
B) The radicle emerges from the seed to obtain water and nutrients from the soil. 
C) The hypocotyl elongates to lift cotyledons aboveground. 
D) The cotyledons disappear as their stored nutrition is used.

Question 16

Pollen from a plant with the S₁S₂ genotype is recognized and allowed to germinate on the stigma of the same plant with the S₁S₂ genotype.According to the S-system hypothesis,this indicates that the plant is

Accepted Answer

A) self-compatible and can self-pollinate. 
B) self-compatible and must cross-pollinate. 
C) self-incompatible and can self-pollinate. 
D) self-incompatible and must cross-pollinate.

Question 17

What is the similarity between spores and gametes?

Accepted Answer

A) They are produced by meiosis. 
B) They are haploid. 
C) They divide by mitosis. 
D) They can fuse with another cell to form a new organism. 
E) They are made by a sporophyte.

Question 18

Hammer orchids resemble female thyranide wasps and release a chemical signal called pheromone to deceive male thyranide wasps and accomplish pollination.Compared to food-deceiving orchids,is it more or less likely that pollen of the hammer orchid will be transferred to the flower of the same species than to the flower of a different species?

Accepted Answer

A) more likely 
B) less likely 
C) similar probability

Question 19

Which of these events occurs first in seed germination?

Accepted Answer

A) Cell division occurs in the embryo,and growth starts. 
B) Mitochondria multiply and provide energy for growth processes. 
C) Water is taken up. 
D) Oxygen is produced and proteins are synthesized. 
E) New mRNAs and proteins are produced.

Question 20

Plants in crop fields such as corn are genetically very similar.What are benefits of this phenomenon? What are pitfalls of that phenomenon?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plants in crop fields such as corn...

Exam 40: Plant Reproduction