Question 1

A cephalopod's tentacles are modified from its

Accepted Answer

A) mantle. 
B) visceral mass. 
C) foot. 
D) shell. 
E) radula.

Question 2

What do all the Lophotrochozoa phyla discussed in the text have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They feed using lophophores,specialized ciliated structures. 
B) They have trochophore larvae,which swim with the aid of a ring of cilia. 
C) They have members that reproduce sexually and members that reproduce asexually. 
D) They expand their bodies continuously during growth. 
E) None of the above answers is correct.

Question 3

Upon close inspection of movement in annelids and nematodes,you would notice an obvious difference.Nematodes tend to wriggle back and forth,while annelids tend to contract along their length as their girth swells and then thins out as they stretch.What anatomical feature explains this type of movement?

Accepted Answer

A) The annelids possess longitudinal muscle fibers that the nematodes lack. 
B) The nematodes lack circular muscle fibers. 
C) Nematodes lack a coelom. 
D) Annelids have a highly specialized nervous system capable of more complex movements.

Question 4

The presence of a lophophore in a newly discovered species would suggest which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) This species grows by shedding its exoskeleton. 
B) This species grows by shedding its cuticle. 
C) This species is probably an arthropod. 
D) This species is a suspension feeder.

Question 5

Which one of these mollusc groups can be classified as suspension feeders?

Accepted Answer

A) bivalves 
B) gastropods 
C) chitons 
D) cephalopods

Question 6

What is the only group of Mollusca that does not have a radula?

Accepted Answer

A) Bivalves 
B) Gastropods 
C) Chitons 
D) Cephalopods 
E) All molluscs have a radula.

Question 7

Which of the following do Nematoda and Arthropoda not have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) The initial pore formed in the gastrula stage becomes the mouth. 
B) They are suspension feeders. 
C) They grow by shedding their outer covering. 
D) They are both ecdysozoans.

Question 8

Which mollusc group can be described as having several calcium carbonate plates along their dorsal side?

Accepted Answer

A) bivalves 
B) gastropods 
C) chitons 
D) cephalopods

Question 9

How could you tell a millipede apart from a centipede?

Accepted Answer

A) Millipedes have 1000 legs each,while centipedes have 100 legs each. 
B) Millipedes have two pairs of legs per body segment,while centipedes have one. 
C) Millipedes catch prey using poison,while centipedes are detritivores. 
D) Millipedes bear live young,while centipedes lay eggs. 
E) None of the above answers is correct.

Question 10

Figure 33.1 
-Refer to Figure 33.1.Suppose new molecular analyses indicated that the phylum Annelida had diverged from the arthropod lineage after Onychophora and Tardigrada.What would this imply about protostome evolution?

Accepted Answer

A) Segmentation evolved only once within protostomes. 
B) The annelid lineage gained and then lost the ability to molt. 
C) The annelid lineage gained and then lost jointed limbs. 
D) A and B 
E) A and C

Question 11

What would be the best anatomical feature to look for to distinguish a gastropod from a chiton?

Accepted Answer

A) presence of a muscular foot 
B) presence of a rasp-like feeding structure 
C) production of eggs 
D) number of shell plates

Question 12

Which adaptation is unique to insects among all protostomes?

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to move via jointed limbs 
B) the ability to move by flying 
C) the ability to consume terrestrial plants 
D) the ability to parasitize other organisms 
E) the ability to metamorphose

Question 13

How would a terrestrial centipede most likely benefit from the ability to close its spiracles?

Accepted Answer

A) Closing spiracles would allow the centipede to move more quickly. 
B) Closing spiracles would allow the centipede to retain more moisture in its tissues. 
C) Closing spiracles would allow the centipede to stay warmer. 
D) Closing spiracles would allow more oxygen from the environment to reach the centipede's tissues. 
E) The centipede would not benefit at all.

Question 14

Of what advantage is a large surface-area-to-volume ratio to the Platyhelminthes?

Accepted Answer

A) It enables them to live in dry habitats. 
B) It enables them to survive on very little oxygen. 
C) It enables the efficient transport of gases and nutrients without specialized structures. 
D) It enables their blood vessels to transport oxygen and carbon dioxide more efficiently. 
E) None of the above are advantages.

Question 15

Whiteflies are common pest insects found on cotton,tomato,poinsettia,and many other plants.Nymphs are translucent and mostly sessile,feeding on their host plants' phloem (sap)from the undersides of leaves.They undergo incomplete metamorphosis into winged adults.Because whitefly nymphs cannot escape predation by moving,you hypothesize that their translucent bodies make them hard to spot by predators.How could you directly test this hypothesis?

Accepted Answer

A) Compare rates of predation on whitefly nymphs on plant leaves of different colors (e.g.,red vs.green poinsettia leaves). 
B) Compare rates of predation on whitefly nymphs coated with a nontoxic dye vs.undyed whitefly nymphs. 
C) Compare rates of predation on whitefly nymphs vs.whitefly adults. 
D) Compare rates of predation on whitefly nymphs by predators that are translucent vs.predators that are not translucent. 
E) Compare rates of predation on whitefly nymphs feeding on poisonous plants vs.those feeding on nonpoisonous plants.

Question 16

Here is a statement from the text: "The ability to live in terrestrial environments evolved independently in arthropods (at least twice),molluscs,roundworms,and annelids." What logical conclusion would you make from this statement?

Accepted Answer

A) All these groups have a coelom. 
B) The common ancestor of all these groups was probably aquatic. 
C) All these groups have the same type of body plan. 
D) All these groups lost their coelom after moving to land.

Question 17

Which one of these groups does not molt?

Accepted Answer

A) Crustaceans 
B) Arthropods 
C) Molluscs 
D) Chelicerata 
E) Nematoda

Question 18

If you wanted to identify an unfamiliar protostome with a limbless,wormlike body,which characteristic would not be helpful in differentiating one species from another?

Accepted Answer

A) what kind of mouthparts the organism had 
B) whether the organism metamorphosed into a different form 
C) whether the organism moved using a hydrostatic skeleton 
D) whether the organism's body was divided into segments

Exam 33: Protostome Animals