Question 1

Suppose a researcher for a pest-control company developed a chemical that inhibited the development of an embryonic mosquito's endodermal cells.Which of the following would be a likely mechanism by which this pesticide works?

Accepted Answer

A) The mosquito would develop a weakened exoskeleton that would make it vulnerable to trauma. 
B) The mosquito would have trouble digesting food,due to impaired gut function. 
C) The mosquito would have trouble with respiration and circulation,due to impaired muscle function. 
D) The mosquito wouldn't be affected at all.

Question 2

Bilateral symmetry is advantageous primarily because it allows for the development of

Accepted Answer

A) a specialized head and posterior. 
B) a hydrostatic skeleton. 
C) limbs for the infant to attach to a parent. 
D) a specialized body cavity. 
E) duplicate body parts in case of injury.

Question 3

A typical ectoparasite has all of the following characteristics EXCEPT that it

Accepted Answer

A) lives outside its host. 
B) grasps its host with its legs or mouth. 
C) has piercing mouthparts. 
D) feeds from an organism larger than itself. 
E) lacks a digestive system.

Question 4

Which of the following is not a feature of the tube-within-a-tube body plan in most animals?

Accepted Answer

A) Typically,the outer tube consists of a hard exoskeleton. 
B) The inner tube consists of digestive organs. 
C) Typically,the mouth and anus form the ends of the inner tube. 
D) The two "tubes" are separated by mesoderm tissue.

Question 5

Although our current understanding of why coral bleaching occurs is incomplete,which of the following is consistent with the most commonly held hypothesis of this phenomenon as discussed in your text?

Accepted Answer

A) As the number of planktonic,photosynthetic organisms available decreases due to increased predation,fewer symbionts are available for the corals to associate with. 
B) As the number of pollutants dumped into the world's oceans increases,more and more corals will use symbionts that are not photosynthetic. 
C) As global temperatures continue to rise,corals will expel more of their colorful,photosynthetic symbionts. 
D) As pollutants and global temperatures continue to rise,corals will have more difficulty manufacturing the photosynthetic pigments they need to produce their own food.

Question 6

Which reproductive strategy is facilitated by (i.e.is easier to use in)an aquatic habitat,as compared with a terrestrial habitat?

Accepted Answer

A) asexual reproduction 
B) sexual reproduction 
C) external fertilization 
D) internal fertilization 
E) viviparity

Question 7

On the tree of life,animals are the smallest and least diverse of the major groups.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The evolution of animal species has been prolific (the estimates go into the millions and tens of millions).To what does the text attribute much of this diversity?

Accepted Answer

A) novel reproductive strategies 
B) a large variety of body plans 
C) a large variety of methods for capturing and processing food 
D) a complex nervous system providing the intelligence for survival in difficult times 
E) the development of multiple tissue types

Question 9

If you think of the tube-within-a-tube body plan as a pipe with a straw inside,where would you expect to find most of the ectodermal,mesodermal,and endodermal germ layers,respectively?

Accepted Answer

A) pipe;space between pipe and straw;straw 
B) straw;space between pipe and straw;pipe 
C) space inside of straw;straw;space between pipe and straw 
D) pipe;straw;space inside of straw

Question 10

In a habitat with only one abundant food source,which type of metamorphosis would you expect an animal species to undergo?

Accepted Answer

A) holometabolous metamorphosis 
B) hemimetabolous metamorphosis

Question 11

Figure 32.1
-As you are on the way to Tahiti for a vacation,your plane crash-lands on a previously undiscovered island.You soon find that the island is teeming with unfamiliar organisms and,as a student of biology,you decide to survey them (with the aid of the Insta-Lab Portable Laboratory you brought along in your suitcase).You select three organisms and observe them in detail,making the notations found in Figure 32.1. Which organism would you classify as an animal?

Accepted Answer

A) organism A 
B) organism B 
C) organism C

Question 12

If humans were characterized as undergoing metamorphosis,infant humans would be described as

Accepted Answer

A) nymphs. 
B) larvae.

Question 13

If humans were characterized as undergoing metamorphosis,human development from infant to adult would be better described as

Accepted Answer

A) hemimetabolous metamorphosis. 
B) holometabolous metamorphosis.

Question 14

Most cnidarians are known to produce toxins.In fact,it has been claimed that one particular species produces the most deadly of all toxins on the planet.What feature of this group most likely evolved simultaneously with the development of these toxins?

Accepted Answer

A) the medusa body form 
B) asexual reproduction 
C) a slow-moving or sessile lifestyle in the adult 
D) diploblastic design 
E) bilateral symmetry in the mobile larval forms

Question 15

Which of the following characteristics is least associated with a sessile lifestyle?

Accepted Answer

A) the ability to secrete a poisonous coating 
B) the habit of feeding on mobile prey 
C) fluid feeding 
D) asexual reproduction

Question 16

Which of the following species would you not classify as an animal?

Accepted Answer

A) sponges 
B) horses 
C) blue whales 
D) choanoflagellates

Question 17

Lophotrochozoans differ from ecdysozoans in that

Accepted Answer

A) lophotrochozoans undergo protostome development,while ecdysozoans undergo deuterostome development. 
B) lophotrochozoans exhibit segmentation,while ecdysozoans do not. 
C) lophotrochozoans have pseudocoeloms,while ecdysozoans have coeloms. 
D) lophotrochozoans grow their skeletons continuously,while ecdysozoans shed their external skeletons to grow.

Question 18

What do all sponges have in common?

Accepted Answer

A) They all have three germ layers. 
B) All adults are free swimming. 
C) They always reproduce sexually. 
D) They all practice external fertilization. 
E) They all live on the bottom of an aquatic environment.

Question 19

Which feeding tactic is most associated with a large-toothed,predatory carnivore?

Accepted Answer

A) suspension feeder 
B) fluid feeder 
C) deposit feeder 
D) food-mass feeder

Question 20

Why might researchers choose to use molecular data (such as ribosomal RNA sequences)rather than morphological data to study the evolutionary history of animals?

Accepted Answer

A) Molecular data can be gathered in the lab,while morphological data must be gathered in the field. 
B) Sequence data can be gathered faster than morphological data,and morphological data can lead to wrong conclusions. 
C) Morphological changes usually don't result from molecular changes. 
D) Some phyla vary too widely in morphological characteristics to be classified accurately.

Exam 32: An Introduction to Animals