Question 1

What were the causes of the Peloponnesian War and how did the outcome of the war impact the Greek city-states? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The Peloponnesian War was primarily caused by the power struggle between Athens and Sparta, the two most powerful city-states in ancient Greece. Athens had formed the Delian League, a coalition of city-states, which Sparta saw as a threat to its own power and influence. The war was also fueled by economic and territorial disputes, as well as the differing political systems and ideologies of the two city-states.

The outcome of the Peloponnesian War had a significant impact on the Greek city-states. Athens, which had been the dominant naval power, suffered a devastating defeat and was forced to surrender to Sparta. This led to a period of Spartan hegemony in Greece, but it also weakened both Athens and Sparta, leaving them vulnerable to outside invasions. The war also left many city-states in a state of economic and social turmoil, as resources had been depleted and populations had been decimated.

The Peloponnesian War ultimately weakened the Greek city-states and paved the way for the rise of Macedon and, eventually, the conquests of Alexander the Great. It also highlighted the inherent weaknesses of the Greek city-state system, as they were unable to unite and defend themselves against external threats. Overall, the Peloponnesian War had a profound and lasting impact on the Greek city-states, shaping the course of their history for centuries to come.

Question 2

Greek literature, mythology, and theater portrayed the extent of women's influence as

Accepted Answer

A)   greater than it was in Athenian law, though perhaps comparable to the reality.
B)   about the same as it was in Greek history.
C)   less than it was in Greek history.
D)   limited to the letter of the laws. A

Question 3

Which best describes Alexander's early strategy against Persia?

Accepted Answer

A)   relied on his strong navy for victory at sea
B)   kept conquered territories separate
C)   sought quick and decisive battles to gain money and supplies from the conquered territory
D)   All of these answers are correct. C

Question 4

The Greek pantheon included

Accepted Answer

A)   twelve gods who lived on Mount Olympus.
B)   Zeus and Poseidon.
C)   Apollo and Athena.
D)   All of these.

Question 5

After Philip's assassination, Alexander

Accepted Answer

A)   became king of Macedon.
B)   decided not to invade Persia.
C)   separated Macedon from Greece.
D)   All of these answers are correct.

Question 6

The Golden Age of Athenian culture was

Accepted Answer

A)   between the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars.
B)   limited to the architecture sponsored by Pericles.
C)   over before the Persian War began.
D)   quickly forgotten.

Question 7

Colonization contributed to the development of

Accepted Answer

A)   literature.
B)   the hoplite phalanx.
C)   Panhellenic spirit.
D)   the polis.

Question 8

Classical Greece was a time of numerous Greek city-states and various leagues of these states. Based on the maps and texts, what do you think was the role of geography in Greek politics and society? What contributions did the sea make to the spread of Greek culture? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Classical Greece was a time of numerous...

Question 9

How did the Athenians reconcile their democracy with their empire? Are the two compatible or is this a moral contradiction? To what extent was the empire the basis for Athenian achievement in the fifth century B.C.E. and the basis for decline?
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the Athenians reconcile their democracy...

Question 10

The Greek colonization movement around 750 B.C.E. occurred primarily because of the

Accepted Answer

A)   fear of the Dorian invasion.
B)   overpopulation of Greek lands.
C)   desire to rely solely on locally produced foods.
D)   need for more religious festivals.

Question 11

Compare and contrast the status of women in archaic Greek culture and in Sparta and Athens. What do literary texts reveal about the status and role of women in Greece?
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the status of women...

Question 12

Solon's reforms

Accepted Answer

A)   encouraged industry.
B)   expanded citizenship.
C)   reduced Athens' dependence on imported wheat.
D)   All of these answers are correct.

Question 13

The kingdom of Macedon

Accepted Answer

A)   provided a buffer between the Greeks and northern barbarians.
B)   was unified by Philip II.
C)   conquered Athens in 338 B.C.E.
D)   All of these answers are correct.

Question 14

The major geographical regions of Classical Greece (Map 3-3, p. 74) included

Accepted Answer

A)   Arcadia, Attica, Laconia, and Euboea.
B)   Thrace, Macedonia, Persia, and Asia Minor.
C)   Peloponnesus, Attica, Phoenicia, and Levant.
D)   Thrace, Macedonia, Peloponnesus, and Asia Minor.

Question 15

Why did the Greeks and Persians go to war? What was the cause of the conflict? What benefit could the Persians have derived from conquering Greece? What was the Greeks' strategy in 480 B.C.E. and why did they win? 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why did the Greeks and Persians go...

Question 16

Great Hellenistic scholars include

Accepted Answer

A)   Euclid, whose Elements are the basis for plane and solid geometry.
B)   Archimedes, famous for levers.
C)   Heraclides and Aristarchus, whose work pointed to a heliocentric model.
D)   All of these.

Question 17

Compare and contrast the views of Epicurus, Zeno and the Stoics, and the Cynics on civic duty, virtue, and happiness. 
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the views of Epicurus,...

Question 18

Compare and contrast the fundamental political, social, and economic institutions of Athens and Sparta about 500 B.C.E. What were the major differences and similarities?
Conceptual

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the fundamental political, social,...

Question 19

Archaeological studies of Mycenaean cities and palaces indicate the inhabitants

Accepted Answer

A)   were a warlike and violent people.
B)   were isolated from outside contacts.
C)   were ruled by powerful kings and large bureaucracies.
D)   spoke a version of Latin rather than Greek.

Question 20

According to the play Lysistrata, by Aristophanes, the Athenians gave up control over Pylos (Messenia) because (Document, pp. 80-81)

Accepted Answer

A)   the Spartans had kidnapped their children.
B)   the Spartans had defeated the Athenian forces nearby.
C)   it was no longer of any strategic importance.
D)   their wives refused to have sex with them until they did.

Exam 3: Greek and Hellenistic Civilization

What were the causes of the Peloponnesian War and how did the outcome of the war impact the Greek city-states? Conceptual

Greek literature, mythology, and theater portrayed the extent of women's influence as

Which best describes Alexander's early strategy against Persia?

The Greek pantheon included

After Philip's assassination, Alexander

The Golden Age of Athenian culture was

Colonization contributed to the development of

Classical Greece was a time of numerous Greek city-states and various leagues of these states. Based on the maps and texts, what do you think was the role of geography in Greek politics and society? What contributions did the sea make to the spread of Greek culture? Conceptual

How did the Athenians reconcile their democracy with their empire? Are the two compatible or is this a moral contradiction? To what extent was the empire the basis for Athenian achievement in the fifth century B.C.E. and the basis for decline? Conceptual

The Greek colonization movement around 750 B.C.E. occurred primarily because of the

Compare and contrast the status of women in archaic Greek culture and in Sparta and Athens. What do literary texts reveal about the status and role of women in Greece? Conceptual

Solon's reforms

The kingdom of Macedon

The major geographical regions of Classical Greece (Map 3-3, p. 74) included

Why did the Greeks and Persians go to war? What was the cause of the conflict? What benefit could the Persians have derived from conquering Greece? What was the Greeks' strategy in 480 B.C.E. and why did they win? Conceptual

Great Hellenistic scholars include

Compare and contrast the views of Epicurus, Zeno and the Stoics, and the Cynics on civic duty, virtue, and happiness. Conceptual

Compare and contrast the fundamental political, social, and economic institutions of Athens and Sparta about 500 B.C.E. What were the major differences and similarities? Conceptual

Archaeological studies of Mycenaean cities and palaces indicate the inhabitants

According to the play Lysistrata, by Aristophanes, the Athenians gave up control over Pylos (Messenia) because (Document, pp. 80-81)