Question 1

What was the impact on the Mongols and their empire of regionally-based methods of rule?

Accepted Answer

The impact of regionally-based methods of rule on the Mongols and their empire was significant. The Mongol Empire was vast, spanning from Eastern Europe to East Asia, and encompassed a diverse array of cultures, languages, and traditions. As a result, the Mongols adopted a regionally-based approach to governance, allowing local rulers to maintain their power and customs as long as they remained loyal to the Mongol leadership.

This approach had both positive and negative impacts on the Mongol Empire. On the positive side, it allowed for greater stability and cooperation within the empire, as local rulers were able to govern according to their own customs and traditions. This helped to prevent widespread rebellion and resistance, as the local populations were more likely to accept Mongol rule if it did not disrupt their way of life too drastically.

However, the regionally-based approach also led to a lack of centralized control and unity within the empire. Local rulers often had conflicting interests and loyalties, which made it difficult for the Mongol leadership to maintain a cohesive and unified empire. This ultimately contributed to the fragmentation and eventual decline of the Mongol Empire.

Overall, the regionally-based methods of rule had a mixed impact on the Mongols and their empire. While it helped to maintain stability and cooperation within the diverse territories of the empire, it also contributed to a lack of centralized control and unity, which ultimately led to the empire's decline.

Question 2

Which of the following were aspects of the Mongol military forces that were key to their success over their enemies?

Accepted Answer

A)   technological advantages
B)   psychological warfare
C)   adaptability
D)   All the answers are correct. D

Question 3

Did the Mongols, as creators of their empire, benefit the most from it? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The Mongols, as the creators of their empire, did benefit the most from it in many ways. Firstly, they gained immense wealth and power through their conquests, allowing them to control vast territories and resources. This enabled them to establish a strong and prosperous empire, which brought them economic prosperity and stability.

Additionally, the Mongols also benefited from the empire in terms of cultural and technological exchange. Their empire facilitated the exchange of ideas, technologies, and goods between different regions, leading to advancements in various fields such as agriculture, architecture, and medicine.

However, it is important to note that while the Mongols did benefit greatly from their empire, their conquests also brought suffering and devastation to many people. The brutal tactics they employed in their conquests led to the loss of countless lives and the destruction of numerous cities and civilizations. This legacy of violence and destruction has had lasting repercussions for the regions affected by Mongol rule.

In conclusion, while the Mongols did benefit significantly from their empire in terms of wealth, power, and cultural exchange, it is essential to acknowledge the negative impact of their conquests on the people and civilizations they conquered. The benefits they gained came at a great cost to others, and it is important to consider both the positive and negative aspects of their empire.

Question 4

The Mamluk rulers of Egypt during the thirteenth century were mostly

Accepted Answer

A)   originally black African slaves.
B)   originally Turkic slaves.
C)   originally recruited from the general Egyptian population.
D)   originally children taken from Christian subjects.

Question 5

Why was the North American prairie an inhibiting geographical influence to communication and trade?

Accepted Answer

A)   because of its size and lack of navigable rivers
B)   because it is aligned on a north-south axis across climatic zones
C)   because Native Americans never developed effective ways of traveling across it
D)   because it is too high in altitude and is impassable for much of the year

Question 6

What were the results for the areas that remained unconquered by the Mongols?

Accepted Answer

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Question 7

An environmental explanation for the Mongol conquests that has been put forth is that

Accepted Answer

A)   temperatures rose and increased the desert areas and that pushed the Mongols south and west.
B)   temperatures fell and declining pastureland caused a need for expansion.
C)   high rainfall in the Mongol homeland led to flooding and the destruction of Mongol agriculture.
D)   a series of earthquakes destroyed Mongol communities and led to their dispersal.

Question 8

Once on the steppes, the Mongol society was largely centered on

Accepted Answer

A)   agriculture.
B)   pastoralism.
C)   commerce.
D)   a centralized state.

Question 9

Two European inventions that would eventually provide an advantage over the East were in

Accepted Answer

A)   gunpowder and printing.
B)   lenses and paper.
C)   glass making and clockwork.
D)   the stirrup and the magnetic compass.

Question 10

In terms of developing a system of law for governing a growing empire, Genghis Khan

Accepted Answer

A)   ignored this completely.
B)   gradually developed a code that regulated a variety of social and military aspects.
C)   quickly instituted a single, comprehensive code .
D)   was concerned with creating a bureaucracy of Muslim ministers based on Sharia.

Question 11

The Mongols attempted and failed to maintain control over

Accepted Answer

A)   the islands of Java.
B)   Japan.
C)   Vietnam.
D)   All the answers are correct.

Question 12

Explain how Genghis Khan and the Mongols built an empire that spread from Central Asia to China, Russia, and Asia Minor. Discuss the tactics, technologies, and governance practices that enabled such a dramatic and enduring expansion.

Accepted Answer

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Question 13

In ruling China, Kubilai Khan

Accepted Answer

A)   used the Confucian elite and adopted traditional forms of rule in China.
B)   favored Buddhists primarily in filling government posts, as well as people from the lower classes.
C)   gave women posts of importance and imported educated Muslims to form a new ruling elite.
D)   tried to impose Mongol traditions on the Chinese people as a way of uniting China with other parts of the Mongol Empire.

Question 14

Discuss how inventions and innovations imported to Europe in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries facilitated the expansion of science, building technology, and overseas exploration.

Accepted Answer

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Question 15

At its furthest extent, the Mongol Empire stretched from

Accepted Answer

A)   the Rhine River to the Yellow River.
B)   the Euphrates to the Yangtze River.
C)   the Rhone River to the Pacific Ocean.
D)   the Volga River to the Pacific Ocean.

Question 16

How did the creation of the Mongol empire differ from the creation of the Roman or Chinese empires?
In Perspective

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did the creation of the Mongol...

Question 17

How did geography hinder the development of the continent-wide empires in Africa and the Americas?

Accepted Answer

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Question 18

The Delhi Sultanate ruler Radiyya first took power chiefly because

Accepted Answer

A)   she wore men's clothes.
B)   her father chose her as successor.
C)   she proved herself in battle.
D)   she killed her brother.

Question 19

In terms of religion, twelfth-century Mongol communities largely practiced

Accepted Answer

A)   Islam.
B)   various religions.
C)   Christianity.
D)   Buddhism and Christianity.

Question 20

In what ways did the Mongols manage their empire across Eurasia? How did they incorporate regional customs and ideas into their systems of government and control?

Accepted Answer

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Exam 13: The World the Mongols Made