Question 1

We can understand the observable differences in body ratios-height versus width-that anthropologists have documented as a matter of ________, or the way genes are expressed in an organism's physical form.

Accepted Answer

A)  race 
B)  inheritance 
C)  ethnicity 
D)  phenotype

Question 2

The process of categorizing, differentiating, and attributing a particular racial character to a person or group of people, is referred to as what?

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination 
B)  hypodescent 
C)  segregation 
D)  racialization

Question 3

The story of Shellcracker Haven and how the local white residents were gradually disenfranchised from their lives and work because of their class status is a strong reflection of the tendency to do what to others?

Accepted Answer

A)  resist racism 
B)  colonize 
C)  racialize 
D)  stereotype

Question 4

Since racial categorization in Brazil is not exclusively a function of skin color, Brazilians can change their racial identity through a change in what characteristic?

Accepted Answer

A)  political affiliation 
B)  hairstyle 
C)  kinship 
D)  affluence

Question 5

If a person inherits genes for a dark complexion and blue eyes from his or her parents, what aspect of inheritance does this refer to?

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA 
B)  phenotype 
C)  genotype 
D)  DNA

Question 6

Brazilians have hundreds of ways of categorizing people according to race. The particular system they use is based on a continuum of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  language 
B)  ethnicities 
C)  genotypes 
D)  color shades

Question 7

A set of ideas about a group of people, such as, "All Irishmen are drunks who beat their wives," or "All Arabs are terrorists," can make it seem natural and normal to discriminate against these groups. What kind of racism is this called?

Accepted Answer

A)  color-blindness 
B)  institutional racism 
C)  racist ideology 
D)  individual racism

Question 8

Explain the concept of racialization and how it applies to Middle Eastern people in the United States. Why is this process reflected in the New York school system as studied by Maria Kromidas?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Explain the concept of racialization and how...

Question 9

Which term refers to laws implemented after the U.S. Civil War to legally enforce segregation, particularly in the South after the end of slavery?

Accepted Answer

A)  civil rights 
B)  discrimination 
C)  Jim Crow 
D)  racialization

Question 10

A person may inherit a genetic pattern for above-average height, but may only reach average height due to poor nutrition. What is this an expression of?

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype 
B)  phenotype 
C)  cline 
D)  poverty

Question 11

Patterns by which racial inequality is structured through key cultural institutions, policies, and systems are referred to as ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  discrimination 
B)  racialization 
C)  institutional racism 
D)  racial ideology

Question 12

Identify three reasons why anthropologists feel that the concept of "race" is a flawed system of classification, and give an example to support each reason.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Identify three reasons why anthropologists feel that...

Question 13

In Brazil, race is not merely a matter of skin color but also includes consideration of what?

Accepted Answer

A)  Age and marital status 
B)  marital status and children 
C)  job status and spousal status 
D)  wealth and education

Question 14

What specific term do we use for the process of categorizing, differentiating, and attributing a particular racial characteristic to a person or group of people?

Accepted Answer

A)  miscegenation 
B)  racialization 
C)  phenotype 
D)  hypodescent

Question 15

Compare and contrast the concepts of individual racism with institutional racism. Provide examples from class to support your points.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the concepts of individual...

Question 16

What example does Jonathan Marks use as a useful way to consider the inherent problem of racially dividing people?

Accepted Answer

A)  Doctors sorting according to brain size. 
B)  Children sorting according to block size. 
C)  Anthropologists sorting according to height. 
D)  Coaches sorting according to athletic prowess.

Question 17

How does the U.S. census, taken every ten years since 1790, provide a window into the changing conception of "race"?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How does the U.S. census, taken every...

Question 18

The current argument over whether to build a wall between Mexico and the United States reflects, in part, what long-standing aspect of how race is constructed and managed in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)  genotype 
B)  intersectionality 
C)  microaggression 
D)  nativism

Question 19

Despite the initial racist attitudes directed toward Irish, Jewish, and Italian immigrants, these groups eventually "became white" through:

Accepted Answer

A)  greater accuracy in the census. 
B)  intermarriage and upward mobility. 
C)  the elimination of ethnic categories. 
D)  legal changes.

Question 20

A primary difference between the early census process and the census of 2010 was the:

Accepted Answer

A)  ability to self-select racial category. 
B)  inclusion of "blurriness" as a racial category. 
C)  elimination of the racial category. 
D)  number of racial category choices available.

Exam 5: Race and Racism