Question 1

You are conducting fieldwork and invite local heads of household to a focus group session. You notice that all the heads of household that arrive are women. For research purposes, what do we refer to as the men in these families?

Accepted Answer

A)  zeroes 
B)  patriarchs 
C)  key informants 
D)  imponderabilia

Question 2

Define three fieldwork strategies anthropologists use to conduct research for an ethnography, and describe the context in which each is used.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define three fieldwork strategies anthropologists use to...

Question 3

The roots of today's anthropology emerged from very early accounts of travelers in previous centuries. What about these accounts helped fuel anthropological inquiry?

Accepted Answer

A)  a desire to further the hard sciences 
B)  a desire to mold the unknown world to fit anthropologists' ideas 
C)  intense curiosity about the nature of other unknown lands and peoples 
D)  a realization that documenting others would benefit the country in which they already lived

Question 4

What aspect of Julian Steward and Sidney Mintz's work introduced a new approach to ethnography?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mintz and a team conducted a collaborative restudy of the Trobriand Islands. 
B)  Mintz researched social life among the Nuer of Africa, while others in his team studied the forgotten peoples of Europe. 
C)  He established collaborative, multi-sited research as he and his team studied the effects of colonialism in Puerto Rico. 
D)  Mintz and others examined sexuality in Samoa through close collaborative fieldwork.

Question 5

Margaret Mead's talent for blending fieldwork with dynamic writing about gender roles provided her with the authority and opportunity to become what kind of anthropologist?

Accepted Answer

A)  synchronic 
B)  experimental 
C)  gender 
D)  public

Question 6

Describe the state of anthropology at the end of the nineteenth century. What was it primarily focused on? How did this focus change to include fieldwork and ethnography? Describe at least two anthropologists who were responsible for the field's shift to an emphasis on fieldwork and the strategies they used. What do you think are some of their most lasting contributions to anthropology?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the state of anthropology at the...

Question 7

Increased migration has led anthropologists to conduct different types of ethnographic research, collecting data in two or more locations. What type of ethnography is this?

Accepted Answer

A)  reflexive 
B)  extensive 
C)  public 
D)  multi-sited

Question 8

One of the changes in ethnographic work that has occurred in the twenty-first century has to do with the degree to which native voices are considered. How has this changed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Native voices are used a bit less today. 
B)  The inclusion of native voices has increased. 
C)  The inclusion of native voices is required. 
D)  Today, native voices are used exclusively.

Question 9

Margaret Mead was both controversial and renowned for her work. Which of the following statements best describes that work?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mead conducted deep-immersion studies of the Trobriand Islands. 
B)  Mead challenged existing work done among the Nuer of Africa. 
C)  Mead studied the effects of colonialism in Puerto Rico. 
D)  Mead examined sexuality and gender in Samoa.

Question 10

Define zeros and explain their significance for ethnographers.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define zeros and explain their significance for...

Question 11

Imagine you are getting ready to conduct an ethnography on the family and marriage history of royalty in the United Kingdom. What strategy would be most useful in order to understand the diverse and complex relationships among the people you're studying?

Accepted Answer

A)  mutual transformation 
B)  key informant interviews 
C)  kinship analysis 
D)  surveys

Question 12

What changed and expanded in the late twentieth century that has allowed anthropologists to continue research even after leaving the field?

Accepted Answer

A)  transportation 
B)  social media 
C)  economics 
D)  communications

Question 13

One recent development in ethnography includes a kind of "full disclosure," in which anthropologists can discuss the length of fieldwork and their relationships with their research subjects. This is seen as valuable because it:

Accepted Answer

A)  maintains a level of impersonal reflection. 
B)  helps ensure ethnographic loyalty from informants. 
C)  is how an ethnographer builds the personal framework. 
D)  clarifies the nature of ethnographic authority.

Question 14

Sydney Mintz conducted research on sugar production in Puerto Rico in the 1970s and 1980s, examining the way local communities were affected by capitalism. What other problems did his work help to illustrate?

Accepted Answer

A)  the use of small-scale communities as a subject of research 
B)  the changing nature of food production 
C)  the consequences of globalization on communities 
D)  banking systems as a central power in global economies

Question 15

The anthropological practice of sharing ethnographic information on particular communities with nonanthropological institutions such as the military has been questioned within the discipline of anthropology under a:

Accepted Answer

A)  form of covert operations. 
B)  form of foreign aid. 
C)  form of economic development. 
D)  directive called "do no harm."

Question 16

How did Annette Weiner, a feminist anthropologist, challenge preexisting theories in anthropology?

Accepted Answer

A)  Weiner conducted a restudy of the Trobriand Islands and drew new conclusions about gender roles. 
B)  She rewrote the ethnographies of Evans-Pritchard's work on the Nuer, focusing primarily on women. 
C)  Weiner established reflexivity as a key part of ethnography through her work in Puerto Rico. 
D)  She closely reexamined sexuality in Samoa and expanded the role of women in that study.

Question 17

Anthropologists conducting fieldwork may experience a particular kind of disorientation from the "strangeness" they discover. Which term is used to describe this experience?

Accepted Answer

A)  kinship 
B)  culture shock 
C)  polyvocality 
D)  reflexivity

Question 18

Once arriving at a new site for ethnographic research, you spend time walking through the small village complex where you live. What useful ethnographic information do you discover in doing this?

Accepted Answer

A)  who the most friendly people in the area are 
B)  a spatial awareness of where people live 
C)  who in the village likes to sit around drinking at night 
D)  how the history of the village developed over time

Question 19

Henry Lewis Morgan and Edward Burnett Tylor, two early anthropologists, had notably different approaches to anthropological research. In conducting his research, Tylor:

Accepted Answer

A)  worked from his favorite armchair. 
B)  worked in the communities he was studying for years at a time. 
C)  applied statistical methods to the accounts of others. 
D)  conducted salvage ethnography of Native Americans.

Question 20

In his study of everyday "Body Rituals among the Nacirema," anthropologist Horace Miner presents us with:

Accepted Answer

A)  an argument that the Nacirema view the body as healthy and beautiful. 
B)  a clear argument that the household shrine was the most important part of Nacirema life. 
C)  the importance of focusing on public rituals rather than everyday mundane activities. 
D)  a story that makes the very familiar seem very strange.

Exam 3: Fieldwork and Ethnography