Question 1

The chance discovery of some new principle that can be applied in a variety of ways is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) primary innovation 
B) primary syncretism 
C) applied anthropology 
D) cultural adaptation 
E) diffusion

Question 2

Although the Trobriand Islanders of Melanesia have adopted a number of items from the British,such "borrowed" things are combined with traditional ones,as in the ritual celebration of the yam harvest,which they combined with the game of cricket which the British missionaries insisted they play instead of the traditional celebration.This is an example of _______________,

Accepted Answer

A) creativity 
B) ingenuity 
C) imagination 
D) syncretism 
E) inspiration

Question 3

Ethnocide used to occur,but it has not been practiced by civilized nations since the 15th century.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

The only problem with Horowitz's Senegal River Basin Monitoring Activity (SRBMA)model is that it is only applicable to the Senegal River Basin.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Copernicus' discovery that the earth orbits the sun rather than vice versa _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) was a primary innovation that met the cultural goals and needs of his time 
B) was a primary innovation that was out of step with the needs,values,and goals of his time 
C) was a secondary innovation that put into application the discovery by Ptolemy that heavenly bodies moved on crystalline spheres around the earth 
D) was a secondary innovation that was deliberately developed by Copernicus to destroy the Church 
E) resulted from diffusion of ideas from India

Question 6

The first inauguration of an indigenous president in Bolivia occurred in 1943.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

According to Stephen Jay Gould,"Wheels,like wings,fins,and brains,are exquisite devices for certain purposes,not signs of intrinsic superiority." Which of the following statements about the use of the wheel in the Middle East is correct?

Accepted Answer

A) Wheels were never appropriate vehicles in the Middle East,and were never used there;camels have been used as beasts of burden since before biblical times. 
B) Wheels have always been used in the Middle East,as they are the most appropriate vehicle for traveling across deserts. 
C) Wheels were once widespread in the Middle East,but by the sixth century A.D.
Had been replaced by camels because the Roman roads had deteriorated and the camel was more suitable to the uneven terrain. 
D) Camels were once widespread throughout the Middle East during biblical times,but as civilization advanced were replaced by vehicles that made use of the wheel. 
E) Wheels were replaced by wings in the 6th-century Middle East.

Question 8

_______________ is a consequence of change that happens to work favorably for a population.

Accepted Answer

A) Acculturation 
B) Assimilation 
C) Progress 
D) Adaptation 
E) Modernization

Question 9

A deliberate attempt by members of society to construct a more satisfying culture may be called a(n)_______________.

Accepted Answer

A) secondary innovation 
B) revitalization movement 
C) enervating movement 
D) syncretism 
E) primary innovation

Question 10

Because everyone had access to critical resources and there was little social and economic differentiation among them,the Skolt Lapps had an egalitarian society.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Changes in Skolt Lapp society occurred because _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) men switched from reindeer herding to other sources of income 
B) the number of reindeer declined 
C) snowmobiles were used to herd reindeer 
D) society became hierarchical 
E) women became more powerful than men

Question 12

According to your text,a recent act of ethnocide occurred between the _______________ and the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) Nazi Germans/ Jews and Gypsies in Europe 
B) Iraqi government/Kurds in Iraq 
C) Chinese and Tibetans 
D) Guatemalan government/Mayan communities in Guatemala 
E) colonial authorities/Pequot Indians in North America

Question 13

The ultimate source of all new ideas in a culture is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) imitation 
B) diffusion 
C) innovation 
D) revolution 
E) modernization

Question 14

_______________ is a relatively recent phenomenon,occurring only during the past 5,000 years or so.

Accepted Answer

A) Terrorism 
B) Depression 
C) Recession 
D) Revolution 
E) Stagnation

Question 15

Which of the following is not considered one of the mechanisms of change?

Accepted Answer

A) innovation 
B) diffusion 
C) cultural loss 
D) acculturation 
E) accommodation

Question 16

_______________ are the developers of the world's largest array of nutritious foods and the primary contributors to the world's varied cuisine.

Accepted Answer

A) Africans 
B) Italians 
C) Chinese 
D) French 
E) American Indians

Question 17

Another name for massive cultural change is which takes place as a result of one society coming into contact with a more powerful society is _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) acculturation 
B) extinction 
C) fusion 
D) consolidation 
E) amalgamation

Question 18

One by-product of colonial dealings with indigenous peoples has been the growth of _______________ and the use of anthropological techniques and knowledge for certain "practical" ends.

Accepted Answer

A) applied anthropology 
B) ethnography 
C) ethnology 
D) quantitative anthropology 
E) qualitative anthropology

Question 19

The term "modernization" _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) is a relativistic rather than ethnocentric concept 
B) refers to the process of cultural and socioeconomic change whereby societies acquire the characteristics of industrialized societies 
C) refers to a global and all-encompassing process whereby modern cities gradually deteriorate 
D) can be used to show that all societies go through the same stages of evolutionary development,culminating in the urban-industrial state 
E) is not used by anthropologists

Question 20

In biblical times,chariots and carts were widespread in the Middle East,but by the 6th century,the old Roman roads had deteriorated so much that wheeled vehicles were replaced by camels.This illustrates that the processes of change is sometimes due to _______________.

Accepted Answer

A) primary invention 
B) secondary invention 
C) diffusion 
D) revitalization 
E) cultural loss

Exam 15: Processes of Change

The chance discovery of some new principle that can be applied in a variety of ways is _______________.

Ethnocide used to occur,but it has not been practiced by civilized nations since the 15th century.

The only problem with Horowitz's Senegal River Basin Monitoring Activity (SRBMA)model is that it is only applicable to the Senegal River Basin.

Copernicus' discovery that the earth orbits the sun rather than vice versa _______________.

The first inauguration of an indigenous president in Bolivia occurred in 1943.

According to Stephen Jay Gould,"Wheels,like wings,fins,and brains,are exquisite devices for certain purposes,not signs of intrinsic superiority." Which of the following statements about the use of the wheel in the Middle East is correct?

_______________ is a consequence of change that happens to work favorably for a population.

A deliberate attempt by members of society to construct a more satisfying culture may be called a(n) _______________.

Because everyone had access to critical resources and there was little social and economic differentiation among them,the Skolt Lapps had an egalitarian society.

Changes in Skolt Lapp society occurred because _______________.

According to your text,a recent act of ethnocide occurred between the _ and the _.

The ultimate source of all new ideas in a culture is _______________.

_______________ is a relatively recent phenomenon,occurring only during the past 5,000 years or so.

Which of the following is not considered one of the mechanisms of change?

_______________ are the developers of the world's largest array of nutritious foods and the primary contributors to the world's varied cuisine.

Another name for massive cultural change is which takes place as a result of one society coming into contact with a more powerful society is _______________.

One by-product of colonial dealings with indigenous peoples has been the growth of _______________ and the use of anthropological techniques and knowledge for certain "practical" ends.

The term "modernization" _______________.

In biblical times,chariots and carts were widespread in the Middle East,but by the 6th century,the old Roman roads had deteriorated so much that wheeled vehicles were replaced by camels.This illustrates that the processes of change is sometimes due to _______________.