Question 1

In the research by anthropologist Denise Brennan, both Dominican sex workers and the sex tourists have fantasies that define their work. What do many sex workers fantasize about?

Accepted Answer

A)   marrying a tourist and starting a new life
B)   creating transnational economic links for themselves
C)   persuading a sex tourist to remain in the area for a long period of time
D)   connecting with the hotel where the sex tourist is staying to find work A

Question 2

Pornography has been attacked, censored, and subjected to legal controls for a long time. Each attempt seems to result in an increase in its dissemination and consumption. Why do governments make such efforts to stop pornography?

Accepted Answer

A)   Governments want to stop pornography to support the rights of women.
B)   Governments seek control of the economic output of the pornography industry.
C)   Local governments seek ways to enforce zoning laws more effectively.
D)   Governments want to regulate the discourse around sexuality. D

Question 3

According to Chrys Ingraham, the heterosexual imagery in "white weddings" makes the patterns of heterosexuality seem natural and unchanging, rather than cultural. Which wedding ritual helps normalize the idea that men have more power than women?

Accepted Answer

A)   The bride's father walks her down the aisle and "gives her away" to the groom.
B)   The bride wears an expensive white dress, symbolizing her affluence.
C)   The wedding takes place in a church to promote the influence of religion.
D)   The bride and groom allow the government to regulate their sexuality by taking vows. A

Question 4

For the Victorians, masturbation was a form of self-abuse and seen as dangerous. Why was this particular sexual activity strongly condemned?

Accepted Answer

A)   It was known to be a vector for sexually transmitted infections.
B)   Masturbation was considered a form of homosexuality.
C)   Many people felt it was not actually pleasurable.
D)   Sex was for procreation only and masturbation did not result in children.

Question 5

Compare and contrast the perspective on human sexuality offered by evolutionary biologists and cultural constructionists. What factors do evolutionary biologists study to learn more about human sexuality? How does this compare to the factors an anthropologist with a cultural constructionist perspective might investigate? Which approach do you find most valuable?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast the perspective on human...

Question 6

Cultural and governmental institutions define the age of consent, how marriage and divorce can be obtained, and reproductive rights such as abortion. In regulating these things, what are cultural and government institutions attempting to do?

Accepted Answer

A)   control family planning by using the full extent of legal government power
B)   limit the negative influence of practicing "sex for fun" in mainstream culture
C)   control sexuality by regulating who can do what with whom and when they can do it
D)   limit the spread of disease by regulating acceptable sexual practices

Question 7

Which of the following statements about the mati of Suriname is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Mati work" parallels European ideas of lesbianism.
B)   Mati regard sexuality as a flexible behavior rather than a fixed identity.
C)   Mati marry men for children and economic stability while maintaining "visiting relationships" with female partners.
D)   "Mati work" is a practice that originated in the Netherlands and was transferred to Suriname during colonization.

Question 8

In contemporary U.S. weddings, one common ritual is the act of the father "giving away" the bride. How does this tend to perpetuate a power dynamic that places women at a disadvantage?

Accepted Answer

A)   The groom and the groom's family pay for the entire wedding.
B)   It effectively considers the bride as property to control.
C)   Weddings are an affair of the church, which is a patriarchal institution.
D)   The idea of whiteness in weddings serves as a reminder about inequality.

Question 9

Mati may engage in sexual relationships with which of these groups?

Accepted Answer

A)   only men
B)   only women
C)   only other mati
D)   men and women

Question 10

In White Wedding: Romancing Heterosexuality in Popular Culture (2008), sociologist Chrys Ingraham asserts that brides are not born but rather made. Identify some examples of the enculturation process. Discuss the implications of the romanticized ideal of weddings. How do these ideals differ from the reality of the "white wedding" as they intersect with gender, class, and racial inequalities?

Accepted Answer

The answer of In White Wedding: Romancing Heterosexuality in Popular...

Question 11

The mati in Suriname form intimate spiritual, emotional, and sexual relationships with other women but may maintain a "visiting" relationship with men for the purposes of children and economics. To some, this might suggest that these women are what?

Accepted Answer

A)   machista
B)   homosexual
C)   lesbian
D)   bisexual

Question 12

Mapping the global scope of diverse human sexual beliefs and behaviors, or ethnocartography, offers the chance for a deeper analysis of one's own culture. What else does such work provide?

Accepted Answer

A)   a complete history of human sexuality
B)   a good understanding of the biological causes of sexuality
C)   a reexamination of what seems "normal"
D)   the ability to determine which sexual behavior should be considered immoral

Question 13

Roger Lancaster found that in Nicaragua, men who received anal intercourse were stigmatized while men who penetrated other men during anal intercourse were still considered properly masculine. What does this reveal about the concept of machismo?

Accepted Answer

A)   Machismo has nothing to do with sexuality.
B)   Only heterosexual men can fulfill the ideals of machismo.
C)   Machismo stigmatizes every type of homosexual behavior.
D)   Machismo creates a strong contrast between aggression and passivity.

Question 14

Which term describes people whose sexual attraction to others can include both sexes?

Accepted Answer

A)   bisexual
B)   transgender
C)   homosexual
D)   Two-Spirits

Question 15

Some studies have found that 61 percent of men believe women give consent nonverbally through body language, though only 10 percent of women say they give consent through body language cues. To which issue are these finds related?

Accepted Answer

A)   the safety risks involved in sexual behavior, such as sexually transmitted infections
B)   the worldwide problem of gender discrimination
C)   the criminalization of sex work in the United States
D)   the need for improved consent policies advocating "only yes means yes"

Question 16

Which of these best describes sexuality?

Accepted Answer

A)   desires, beliefs, and behaviors related to erotic physical contact, and cultural ideas about these desires, beliefs, and behaviors
B)   the biological predispositions that cause desires, beliefs, and behaviors related to erotic physical contact
C)   cultural ideas that determine what kinds of physical desires and behaviors are considered normal
D)   desires, beliefs, and behaviors related to erotic physical contact for pleasure rather than procreation

Question 17

How did European colonial powers use sexuality in their strategy to control colonized populations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Colonial soldiers were encouraged to marry women in the colonized populations in order to legitimize European domination.
B)   Colonial powers spread rumors about the physical illnesses of "mixed race" babies in order to discourage sexual relations between Europeans and colonized populations.
C)   Europeans portrayed men in the colonized populations as dangerous sexual threats to European women in order to discourage racial mixing.
D)   The high prevalence of sexual violence made the enforcement of curfews and other restrictions easy to accomplish.

Question 18

In addition to humans, which other mammals engage in sexual activity for fun rather than exclusively for procreation?

Accepted Answer

A)   elephants
B)   dolphins
C)   cats
D)   gorillas

Question 19

Human beings have a libido-a degree of sexual and erotic drive-that varies widely. Which term refers to individuals with no erotic interest in others?

Accepted Answer

A)   homosexuals
B)   bisexuals
C)   asexuals
D)   heterosexuals

Question 20

Using historical and cross-cultural examples provided in the text, evaluate the anthropological approach to sexuality. What do historical and cross-cultural cases of sexuality tell us about sexual norms? Did you learn anything in this chapter about sexuality that you had previously taken for granted? If so, what did you learn? If not, provide an example of something discussed in the chapter that you think someone might be surprised to learn.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Using historical and cross-cultural examples provided in...

Exam 9: Sexuality