Question 1

An infant had a surgery to correct imperforate anus. A colostomy was performed before having an Anoplasty. In what position should a nurse place the client?

Accepted Answer

A) trendelenburg's position 
B) buck's traction 
C) prone the head elevated in a pillow 
D) supine with the head elevated

Question 2

A child with chordee was not scheduled for any corrective surgery when he was a kid. During his adolescence, he asks the nurse about any risk of having it. What would be the best response:

Accepted Answer

A) testicular cancer 
B) prostate hypertrophy 
C) reproductive dysfunction 
D) recurrent infections

Question 3

The mother of a 16-month-old child who is coughing and having trouble breathing calls the clinic to ask advice because she suspects that her child has croup. Which of the following instructions would be most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A) Administer acetaminophen (Tylenol) every 4 hours 
B) Take the child into the bathroom and run the hot water 
C) Give over-the-counter cough syrup every 6 hours 
D) Get the child to take as much fluid as possible

Question 4

Which of the following nursing diagnosis would the nurse identify as the priority for a 4-month-old infant with heart failure and congenital heart disease:

Accepted Answer

A) risk for infection 
B) impaired mobility 
C) activity intolerance 
D) ineffective health maintenance

Question 5

A nurse is caring for a child who has just returned to the pediatric unit following a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. Which action by the nurse is appropriate at this time?

Accepted Answer

A) Give ice cream at least every two hours 
B) Place the child in sitting position 
C) Observe the patterns of swallowing 
D) Have the child drink fluids by using a straw

Question 6

A 5year-old child is receiving dextrose 5% in water and half-normal saline solution at 100 ml/hour. Which sign or symptom suggests excessive I.V. fluid intake:

Accepted Answer

A) Worsening Dyspnea 
B) Gastric distension 
C) Nausea and vomiting 
D) Temperature of 102°F

Question 7

Stuttering among pre-schoolers is:

Accepted Answer

A) a symptomatic delay in neural development 
B) a common characteristic. 
C) an indication of a speech problem. 
D) a possible result of an emotional problem.

Question 8

The nurse is caring for a 16 year-old boy with Hemophilia A, who was admitted after falling from a tree. In understanding his behavior and in planning care for this client, what must the nurse understand about adolescents with hemophilia A?

Accepted Answer

A) Should have well planned activities 
B) Often take part in active sports 
C) Explain limitations to peers 
D) Avoid any risk after bleeding episodes

Question 9

An infant with heart failure was fed and burped, after burping; he was repositioned in semi-fowler then had a bowel movement. Afterwards, the infant became diaphoretic and cyanotic. The nurse is aware that these were most likely caused by:

Accepted Answer

A) feeding 
B) burping 
C) changing of position 
D) defecating

Question 10

Failure of the Foramen Ovale to close will cause what Congenital Heart Disease?

Accepted Answer

A) Transposition of great arteries 
B) Atrial Septal defect 
C) Pulmunary Stenosis 
D) Total anomalous Pulmunary Artery

Question 11

A nurse is aware that a child with AIDS is more prone to infection than an adult with AIDS because:

Accepted Answer

A) child with AIDS is exposed to more pathogen than an adult with AIDS. 
B) the immune system of a child is incapable of producing antibodies. 
C) the AIDS virus attacks child's immune systems through a different mechanisms 
D) a child has fewer circulating antibodies resulting from a lack of previous exposure to pathogens.

Question 12

What is the most appropriate toy that a nurse should give to a 12-week-old infant?

Accepted Answer

A) Colorful stuffed toy 
B) Metallic mirror 
C) Rattle 
D) Balls made of safe plastic

Question 13

Which of the following is true about Mongolian Spots?

Accepted Answer

A) Are linked to pathologic conditions 
B) Are managed by tropical steroids 
C) Disappears in about a year 
D) Are indicative of parental abuse

Question 14

Dietary restriction in a child who has Hemocystenuria will include which of the following amino acid:

Accepted Answer

A) Lysine 
B) Methionine 
C) Isolensine tryptophase 
D) Valine

Question 15

A nurse is aware that findings would differentiate talipes equinovirus as a true clubfoot from a pseudo-clubfoot. A true clubfoot:

Accepted Answer

A) will be cooler to touch than the other foot 
B) can't be rotated past the midline 
C) can be rotated past the midline and returns once released 
D) has little movement

Question 16

A 15-year-old boy comes to a clinic with complaint of thick urethral discharge. For gonorrhea to be ruled out the nurse should:

Accepted Answer

A) obtain sexual history 
B) obtain blood sample for VDRL 
C) collect urine sample 
D) obtain urethral specimen

Question 17

A 7-year-old is admitted to the pediatric unit for acute asthma. Vital signs re RR of 56, BP of 98/75 and has shortness of breath. The nurse expects that the child's arterial blood gas level to indicate a:

Accepted Answer

A) PCO2 of 43 mmHg 
B) HCO3 of 24 mEq/L 
C) pH of 7.28 
D) PO2 of 88 mmHg

Question 18

A school age girl was rushed to the Emergency room with symptoms of acute, crampy abdominal pain, fever, and impaired sensory perception. The nurse found a black line between his teeth and gums. The client needs further evaluation because findings are characteristics of:

Accepted Answer

A) Aspirin toxicity 
B) Tetracycline exposure 
C) Plumbism 
D) Perthe's disease

Question 19

The nurse assigned at the ER admits a child who had a seizure episode at school. The mother comments that this is the first occurrence, and denies any family history of epilepsy. What is the best response by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A) "There is no need to worry. The sky won't fall down" 
B) "Seizure may or may not mean that your child is suffering from epilepsy" 
C) "Since it was his first episode, it will not happen again" 
D) "Your child needs a lifetime medication to prevent seizure"

Question 20

A client with tetralogy fallot will become cyanotic and dyspneic after crying. To relieve this clinical manifestation, the nurse should place the infant in what position?

Accepted Answer

A) Sitting position 
B) Modified trendelenburg position 
C) Knee chest position 
D) Lateral Sim's position

Exam 3: Pediatrics