Question 1

Although not classified as developmental disorders,many,if not most,psychological disorders can be considered developmental because they

Accepted Answer

A)  appear early in life and change over the lifespan. 
B)  have a genetic component. 
C)  lack biological causes and are influenced by learning. 
D)  are unique to children.

Question 2

Research on the treatment of autism by Lovaas showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  intensive behavioral treatment was more beneficial than less intensive treatment. 
B)  children were more likely to improve when placed in regular classrooms. 
C)  both a and b 
D)  none of the above

Question 3

The reason that intellectual disability is recorded on the same DSM-IV axis as personality disorders is because

Accepted Answer

A)  this axis relates to relatively chronic conditions. 
B)  intellectual disability and personality disorder generally have similar causes. 
C)  intellectual disability and personality disorder are generally treated using similar methods. 
D)  this axis relates to biologically influenced conditions.

Question 4

All of the following are classified as pervasive developmental disorders EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood disintegrative disorder. 
B)  Rett's disorder. 
C)  Asperger's disorder. 
D)  learning disorder.

Question 5

The form of treatment that has been found to be successful for individuals with intellectual disability is

Accepted Answer

A)  biological intervention. 
B)  task analysis. 
C)  medication. 
D)  the cognitive approach to self-care activities.

Question 6

Jim is a teen who has no friends.Although he is quite verbal,he speaks in a strange and formal style of speech.Jim is obsessed with airplanes and behaves in a very strange way.All of his activities center around planes,and he possesses an almost encyclopedic knowledge of aircraft.Jim's constant verbal display of this knowledge interferes with socialization.Most people consider him "weird" and avoid him.The most likely diagnosis for Jim is ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  autism 
B)  Asperger's disorder 
C)  Rett's disorder 
D)  pervasive developmental disorder not otherwise specified

Question 7

One of the most characteristic patterns for autistic children is that they are generally

Accepted Answer

A)  uninterested in people. 
B)  very intelligent. 
C)  extremely talkative. 
D)  hyperactive.

Question 8

The DSM-IV criterion for intellectual disability called "concurrent deficits or impairments in adaptive functioning" is defined as significant difficulty in at least _____ area(s)such as communication,self-care,home living,etc.

Accepted Answer

A)  1 
B)  2 
C)  3 
D)  4

Question 9

In terms of the level of support that will be necessary for an autistic child,which factor is used as a predictor to determine the prognosis?

Accepted Answer

A)  Age of onset 
B)  Severity of initial symptoms 
C)  Rate of symptom progression 
D)  IQ

Question 10

Discuss the possible causes of autism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss the possible causes of autism....

Question 11

Recent research has found the following with regard to causes of ADHD:

Accepted Answer

A)  Food colors and additives, which for years were thought to cause ADHD, then later refuted, now appear to have a small but measurable impact on increased levels of hyperactivity. 
B)  Pesticides found in foods may be a contributing factor to an increased risk of ADHD. 
C)  Both a and b 
D)  Neither a or b

Question 12

One intriguing finding from research involving reading disordered individuals who speak multiple languages is that

Accepted Answer

A)  reading disorders are independent of culture/language. 
B)  individuals who speak more than one language rarely have learning disorders. 
C)  evidence of the reading disorder may exist for one or two languages, while the individual may be completely free of the disorder in another language. 
D)  the complexity of the English language may contribute to the higher rate of reading disorder in English-speaking countries.

Question 13

Learning disabilities are characterized by performance that is substantially

Accepted Answer

A)  above what would be expected given the person's age, IQ, and education. 
B)  below what would be expected given the person's age, IQ, and education. 
C)  diminished from one year to the next. 
D)  lower than 50% of the person's peer group.

Question 14

Given the available intervention strategies for learning disorders,the method that probably has the best chance of actually removing the learning disorder is

Accepted Answer

A)  development of better study skills. 
B)  efforts to develop compensating cognitive skills. 
C)  systematic instruction and teaching for mastery. 
D)  improving overall intelligence.

Question 15

Approximately what percentage of people with autism have some form of intellectual disability ?

Accepted Answer

A)  10% 
B)  45% 
C)  75% 
D)  85%

Question 16

Research regarding early intervention programs such as Head Start indicates that such programs

Accepted Answer

A)  are ineffective. 
B)  may help improve the functioning of mentally retarded children. 
C)  may help prevent "at risk" children from developing cultural-familial disability. 
D)  help parents manage the behavior of their mentally retarded children.

Question 17

Autism is more prevalent among ________ with IQs under 35 but more prevalent among ________ in the higher IQ range.

Accepted Answer

A)  males; females 
B)  females; males 
C)  neither males nor females; females 
D)  males; neither males nor females

Question 18

All of the following side effects EXCEPT ____________ are associated with the medications Ritalin and Concerta,which are used to treat attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)  insomnia 
B)  drowsiness 
C)  irritability 
D)  weight gain

Question 19

Some success has been noted in the development of communication skills in autistic children through the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  modeling appropriate communication. 
B)  behavioral procedures involving shaping and discrimination training. 
C)  intensive therapy where the patient is placed in many social situations. 
D)  stimulant medications.

Question 20

Recent ADHD research has focused on endophenotypic correlates of

Accepted Answer

A)  specific attentional characteristics. 
B)  emotional control. 
C)  extraverted characteristics. 
D)  environmental factors.

Exam 14: Developmental Disorders