Question 1

Research studies using the procedure called "cross fostering" have shown that genetically emotional and reactive young animals raised by calm mothers tended to be

Accepted Answer

A)  calm. 
B)  emotional and reactive. 
C)  calm but emotional and reactive when raising their own young. 
D)  emotional and reactive but calm when raising their own young.

Question 2

In a landmark study by Caspi et.al.(2003),researchers studied the stressful life events and
Genetics of 847 individuals.For individuals who had at least four stressful life events,the risk of
Major depression

Accepted Answer

A)  remained unchanged regardless of genetic makeup. 
B)  doubled if they possessed two short alleles of the gene being studied. 
C)  was reduced by half if they possessed two short alleles of the gene being studied. 
D)  was entirely related to the genetic makeup and not the number of life stressors.

Question 3

People who have many social contacts and live their lives continually interacting with others

Accepted Answer

A)  develop more infections and have poorer overall health. 
B)  have not been found to differ on any health outcome. 
C)  often suffer from psychological disorders such as dependency. 
D)  live longer and healthier lives.

Question 4

In the 1992 studies conducted by Baxter et al.,OCD patients were provided with cognitive-behavioral therapy (exposure and response prevention)but no drugs.This study is important because brain imaging showed that

Accepted Answer

A)  the neurotransmitter circuits of the brain had been normalized. 
B)  the patients' OCD symptoms improved without changes in neurotransmitter function. 
C)  neither OCD symptoms nor neurotransmitter function had improved. 
D)  neurotransmitter circuits are the direct and only cause of OCD.

Question 5

Which of the following could result in learned helplessness?

Accepted Answer

A)  Being in a stressful situation one cannot control 
B)  Being in a stressful situation and refusing to control it 
C)  Being in control and then encountering stressors 
D)  Perceiving control when none is present

Question 6

A lifespan psychologist would point out that the only way to understand a patient's disorder is to understand how the individual

Accepted Answer

A)  developed from childhood to adulthood. 
B)  developed during the psychosexual stages. 
C)  resolved conflicts in early life. 
D)  sees himself/herself as part of a family, a community, and a culture.

Question 7

Strong emotional reactions such as extreme fear are generally experienced as unpleasant to the individual.In panic disorder,for example,patients may experience these sensations quite frequently.The primary function of human capability for such strong emotion appears to be ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  survival 
B)  recreation 
C)  empathy 
D)  creativity

Question 8

Research comparing psychological interventions (talk therapy)to biological interventions (medication)suggest that talk therapy affects the brain from the _____ ______,and biological interventions affects the brain from the _________ _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bottom up; top down 
B)  top down; bottom up 
C)  right to left; left to right 
D)  left to right; right to left

Question 9

The central nervous system is made up of the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  brain and spinal cord 
B)  brain only 
C)  spinal cord only 
D)  nerves leading to and from the brain

Question 10

The part of the brain stem that regulates vital activities such as heartbeat,breathing,
And digestion is the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebellum 
B)  reticular activating system (RAS) 
C)  hindbrain 
D)  thalamus

Question 11

According to modern cognitive science,the unconscious

Accepted Answer

A)  clearly exists in much the same way that Freud imagined. 
B)  may or may not exist, as it is impossible to study material that we are not aware of. 
C)  clearly does not exist. 
D)  clearly exists but in a very different way than Freud imagined.

Question 12

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  endocrine system 
B)  brain stem and cortex 
C)  somatic and autonomic nervous system 
D)  brain and spinal cord

Question 13

Some of the most recent research studies regarding genetic vs.environmental causes of disorders in animals and humans have suggested

Accepted Answer

A)  genetic influences are greater than originally observed because positive environmental conditions do not prevent disorders. 
B)  genetics and the environment share equal roles in the development of all psychological disorders. 
C)  the relative contributions of genetics and the environment in the development of psychological disorders are different for lower animals than for humans. 
D)  genetic influences may have been overstated by previous studies, i.e., without sufficient environmental stress, the genetic predisposition may never be activated.

Question 14

The ____________ coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating system.

Accepted Answer

A)  hindbrain 
B)  midbrain 
C)  cerebral cortex 
D)  forebrain

Question 15

Matilda was walking through the woods when she saw a speckled snake slither by.Immediately,her heart rate increased,her breathing quickened,and she started to perspire.When the snake was out of sight,she began to calm down; her breathing and heart rate returned to normal,and she no longer perspired.This calming down is the result of the _________.

Accepted Answer

A)  sympathetic nervous system 
B)  parasympathetic nervous system 
C)  endocrine system 
D)  cortex

Question 16

The most recent estimates are that genetics contribute approximately __________ to the development of personality characteristics such as shyness or activity level.

Accepted Answer

A)  10-20% 
B)  30-50% 
C)  75-85% 
D)  nothing

Question 17

For most people,perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the _______.

Accepted Answer

A)  left hemisphere of the cortex 
B)  entire cortex 
C)  midbrain 
D)  right hemisphere of the cortex

Question 18

In the diathesis-stress model,"stress" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  life events, in combination with an inherited tendency, that trigger a disorder. 
B)  inherited tendencies, in combination with life events, that trigger a disorder. 
C)  defective genes. 
D)  exposure to very unusual and extreme environmental conditions.

Question 19

The part of the autonomic nervous system primarily responsible for our "fight or flight" response to stress is the _______________.

Accepted Answer

A)  parasympathetic nervous system 
B)  sympathetic nervous system 
C)  endocrine system 
D)  cortex

Question 20

What is one of the conclusions generally drawn from the 1990s studies of OCD,brain imaging,and cognitive-behavioral therapy by Baxter et al.,and the follow up studies by Schwartz et al.?

Accepted Answer

A)  Neurotransmitters affect how people feel and act 
B)  Drugs are the only way to impact faulty neurotransmitter circuits 
C)  Neurotransmitters are a result of how people feel and act, not a cause 
D)  Psychosocial factors such as therapy affect neurotransmitters

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

Research studies using the procedure called "cross fostering" have shown that genetically emotional and reactive young animals raised by calm mothers tended to be

In a landmark study by Caspi et.al.(2003) ,researchers studied the stressful life events and Genetics of 847 individuals.For individuals who had at least four stressful life events,the risk of Major depression

People who have many social contacts and live their lives continually interacting with others

In the 1992 studies conducted by Baxter et al.,OCD patients were provided with cognitive-behavioral therapy (exposure and response prevention) but no drugs.This study is important because brain imaging showed that

Which of the following could result in learned helplessness?

A lifespan psychologist would point out that the only way to understand a patient's disorder is to understand how the individual

Strong emotional reactions such as extreme fear are generally experienced as unpleasant to the individual.In panic disorder,for example,patients may experience these sensations quite frequently.The primary function of human capability for such strong emotion appears to be ________.

Research comparing psychological interventions (talk therapy) to biological interventions (medication) suggest that talk therapy affects the brain from the _ ,and biological interventions affects the brain from the _ ___.

The central nervous system is made up of the _______________.

The part of the brain stem that regulates vital activities such as heartbeat,breathing, And digestion is the __________.

According to modern cognitive science,the unconscious

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the __________.

Some of the most recent research studies regarding genetic vs.environmental causes of disorders in animals and humans have suggested

The ____________ coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating system.

The most recent estimates are that genetics contribute approximately __________ to the development of personality characteristics such as shyness or activity level.

For most people,perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the _______.

In the diathesis-stress model,"stress" refers to

The part of the autonomic nervous system primarily responsible for our "fight or flight" response to stress is the _______________.

What is one of the conclusions generally drawn from the 1990s studies of OCD,brain imaging,and cognitive-behavioral therapy by Baxter et al.,and the follow up studies by Schwartz et al.?

Exam 2: N Integrative Approach To Psychopathology

Research studies using the procedure called "cross fostering" have shown that genetically emotional and reactive young animals raised by calm mothers tended to be

In a landmark study by Caspi et.al.(2003) ,researchers studied the stressful life events and Genetics of 847 individuals.For individuals who had at least four stressful life events,the risk of Major depression

People who have many social contacts and live their lives continually interacting with others

In the 1992 studies conducted by Baxter et al.,OCD patients were provided with cognitive-behavioral therapy (exposure and response prevention) but no drugs.This study is important because brain imaging showed that

Which of the following could result in learned helplessness?

A lifespan psychologist would point out that the only way to understand a patient's disorder is to understand how the individual

Strong emotional reactions such as extreme fear are generally experienced as unpleasant to the individual.In panic disorder,for example,patients may experience these sensations quite frequently.The primary function of human capability for such strong emotion appears to be ________.

Research comparing psychological interventions (talk therapy) to biological interventions (medication) suggest that talk therapy affects the brain from the _____ ______,and biological interventions affects the brain from the _________ _________.

The central nervous system is made up of the _______________.

The part of the brain stem that regulates vital activities such as heartbeat,breathing, And digestion is the __________.

According to modern cognitive science,the unconscious

The peripheral nervous system is made up of the __________.

Some of the most recent research studies regarding genetic vs.environmental causes of disorders in animals and humans have suggested

The ____________ coordinates movement with sensory input and contains parts of the reticular activating system.

The most recent estimates are that genetics contribute approximately __________ to the development of personality characteristics such as shyness or activity level.

For most people,perception and the creation of images are usually handled by the _______.

In the diathesis-stress model,"stress" refers to

The part of the autonomic nervous system primarily responsible for our "fight or flight" response to stress is the _______________.

What is one of the conclusions generally drawn from the 1990s studies of OCD,brain imaging,and cognitive-behavioral therapy by Baxter et al.,and the follow up studies by Schwartz et al.?

Research comparing psychological interventions (talk therapy) to biological interventions (medication) suggest that talk therapy affects the brain from the _ ,and biological interventions affects the brain from the _ ___.