Question 1

What is the most common Indigenous voice present in articles related to Indigenous issues or stories?

Accepted Answer

A)   A representative of a group, such as a spokesperson for an Indigenous organization or band council
B)   The voices of the individuals participating in the stories
C)   The voices of community members who are experts on the topic
D)   Non-Indigenous voices of researchers who study the issue or story at hand
E)   None of the above A

Question 2

What was accomplished with Bill C-31 in 1985?

Accepted Answer

A)   The release of a report documenting murdered and missing Indigenous women since 1971.
B)   The Gender Equity in Indian Registration Act was signed into law, allowing the grandchildren of Indigenous women who lost their Indian identity by marrying non-status males to apply for their status to be restored.
C)   The RCMP report
D)   A commission was formed to look into the disappearances and murders of women in Vancouver's Downtown Eastside.
E)   Section 12 of the Indian Act was repealed, and affected Indigenous women were given their status back. E

Question 3

Sexual violence and women's safety are public problems that news organizations find difficult to cover, because ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   they aren't as essential as other stories that are breaking at the same time.
B)   long-standing myths and misconceptions tend to surround them.
C)   people are unable to watch them because they are too powerful.
D)   they are less impactful than other news.
E)   a and d are correct B

Question 4

In public discourse, particularly when it comes to underrepresented populations, having a voice is critical.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

In articles related to treaty rights, economic development, criminal justice, and health and social welfare, which are of great importance to Indigenous peoples, the voices mostly heard were those of Canada's economic and professional elites.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

What are the two main ways in which filters are not neutral? How are frames selected and what role may stereotypes play in this selection?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are the two main ways in...

Question 7

How can a "stereotype" be defined within the context of news media filtering?

Accepted Answer

A)   An unfounded or simplistic generalization about a specific group of people
B)   As the typical characteristics common to a group of people
C)   A relief printing plate constructed from composite type or an original plate that was cast in a mould
D)   A behaviour that should be expected from all members of a group without exception
E)   A fair estimate of what to expect from an individual that belongs to a specific group

Question 8

The subject of murdered and missing women, including calls for a national investigation, was the least covered story in five publications, trailing only resource development issues in three others.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

In many newsrooms, Indigenous issues have been considered of limited interest to mainstream audiences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

What are some of the characteristics of frames?

Accepted Answer

A)   They are always open and flexible to incorporate new and different perspectives.
B)   They are always closed and draw from a narrow group of perspective.
C)   They can be open and flexible or narrow and closed, providing new perspectives as well as supporting the status quo.
D)   They aim to support established narratives set by the networks.
E)   None of the above

Question 11

Negative stereotypes were most common in opinion pieces, according to Human Rights research journalists.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Even though one out of every three articles about Indigenous issues did not include an Indigenous voice, it appears that Indigenous voices are receiving greater attention in the media than in the past.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What are "news frames"?

Accepted Answer

A)   Conceptual tools which individuals use to sort the information they receive from the media.
B)   Elements used by the media which are used to filter the information selected to show an audience.
C)   The image that appears on the screen when the camera is rolling.
D)   The plan of action used by the media to deliver a message to the public.
E)   Conceptual tools which media and individuals rely on to convey, interpret, and evaluate information.

Question 14

What are filters and news frames and how are they used by media and audiences? What frames are not usually used by the media? Why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What are filters and news frames and...

Question 15

Too much attention media attention on a topic can create a loss of interest in it, while inattention can cause an issue to become interesting to the public.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

What criteria do journalists use to choose the aspects of an event to base their coverage on?

Accepted Answer

A)   Frames
B)   Variables
C)   Filters
D)   Reports
E)   Media

Question 17

Many journalism texts include the idea that promoting informed public discourse is one of the tasks of quality journalism.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Which of the following organizations, platforms and/or groups has not played an active role in supporting the setup of a public agenda in response to missing and murdered Indigenous women?

Accepted Answer

A)   Political organizations
B)   Mainstream news media
C)   Civil society
D)   Governments
E)   All of the above

Question 19

A news frame might be used to present a story about a pipeline conflict in the context of Indigenous rights or economic development potential.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

What are the most significant motivators that prompt today's news coverage?

Accepted Answer

A)   Government reports and policy pronouncements
B)   Responses to civil society outcomes
C)   Social media reports
D)   The Native Women's Association of Canada (NWA
C)  
E)   a and b are correct

Exam 11: The Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women and First Nations Issues: a Content Analysis of Major Canadian Media, 2014-2015

What is the most common Indigenous voice present in articles related to Indigenous issues or stories?

What was accomplished with Bill C-31 in 1985?

Sexual violence and women's safety are public problems that news organizations find difficult to cover, because ______.

In public discourse, particularly when it comes to underrepresented populations, having a voice is critical.

In articles related to treaty rights, economic development, criminal justice, and health and social welfare, which are of great importance to Indigenous peoples, the voices mostly heard were those of Canada's economic and professional elites.

What are the two main ways in which filters are not neutral? How are frames selected and what role may stereotypes play in this selection?

How can a "stereotype" be defined within the context of news media filtering?

The subject of murdered and missing women, including calls for a national investigation, was the least covered story in five publications, trailing only resource development issues in three others.

In many newsrooms, Indigenous issues have been considered of limited interest to mainstream audiences.

What are some of the characteristics of frames?

Negative stereotypes were most common in opinion pieces, according to Human Rights research journalists.

Even though one out of every three articles about Indigenous issues did not include an Indigenous voice, it appears that Indigenous voices are receiving greater attention in the media than in the past.

What are "news frames"?

What are filters and news frames and how are they used by media and audiences? What frames are not usually used by the media? Why not?

Too much attention media attention on a topic can create a loss of interest in it, while inattention can cause an issue to become interesting to the public.

What criteria do journalists use to choose the aspects of an event to base their coverage on?

Many journalism texts include the idea that promoting informed public discourse is one of the tasks of quality journalism.

Which of the following organizations, platforms and/or groups has not played an active role in supporting the setup of a public agenda in response to missing and murdered Indigenous women?

A news frame might be used to present a story about a pipeline conflict in the context of Indigenous rights or economic development potential.

What are the most significant motivators that prompt today's news coverage?