Question 1

When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with pneumonia, the nurse replies

Accepted Answer

A)   "It sounds as if the classmate was just lucky and less exposed at daycare."
B)   "It sounds like your child has a case of bacterial pneumonia, while the classmate had viral pneumonia."
C)   "It sounds as if your child is having a severe reaction to bacterial pneumonia. It hits some children harder than others."
D)   "It sounds as if your child has a case of viral pneumonia, while the classmate had bacterial pneumonia." B

Question 2

Which disorder is caused by inhalation of organic substances?

Accepted Answer

A)   Diffuse interstitial lung disease
B)   Hypersensitivity pneumonitis
C)   Sarcoidosis
D)   Acute respiratory distress syndrome B

Question 3

Clinical manifestations of pleural effusion include

Accepted Answer

A)   dyspnea.
B)   sharp pain in expiration.
C)   productive cough.
D)   diminished breath sounds.
E)   a tracheal shift, if large. A, D, E

Question 4

The hallmark manifestation of acute respiratory distress syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A)   tachycardia.
B)   hypotension.
C)   frothy secretions.
D)   hypoxemia.

Question 5

Air that enters the pleural space during inspiration but is unable to exit during expiration creates a condition called

Accepted Answer

A)   tension pneumothorax.
B)   open pneumothorax.
C)   pleural effusion.
D)   empyema.

Question 6

It is true that diffuse interstitial lung disease

Accepted Answer

A)   leads to loss of alveolar walls.
B)   may be immunologic in nature.
C)   produces a productive cough.
D)   is always reversible.
E)   shows on x-ray as a "honeycomb lung."

Question 7

Pneumocystitis is a term that refers to a

Accepted Answer

A)   fungal pneumonia secondary to HIV.
B)   viral pneumonia found in transplant recipients.
C)   non-infectious inflammation in the lung.
D)   pneumonia secondary to bladder infection.

Question 8

Obstructive sleep apnea would most likely be found in a patient diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

A)   myasthenia gravis.
B)   poliomyelitis.
C)   Pickwickian syndrome.
D)   pneumonia.

Question 9

Chronic occupational lung disease is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   causation from long-term inhalation of inorganic material.
B)   a latent period before symptoms occur.
C)   hyperactive respiratory macrophages.
D)   a progressive cough and dyspnea with exercise.
E)   possible negative chest x-ray when symptom-free.

Question 10

Widespread atelectasis, non-cardiogenic pulmonary edema, and diffuse, fluffy alveolar infiltrates on chest radiograph are characteristic of

Accepted Answer

A)   acute respiratory distress syndrome.
B)   chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
C)   asthma.
D)   cor pulmonale.

Question 11

A major risk factor for the development of active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB)disease is

Accepted Answer

A)   contaminated water.
B)   immunosuppression.
C)   being a male.
D)   overuse of antibiotics.

Question 12

A patient with flail chest will demonstrate

Accepted Answer

A)   absence of chest movement with breaths.
B)   no inspiratory breath sounds.
C)   fluttering chest movements on expirations.
D)   outward chest movement on expiration.

Question 13

Bacterial pneumonia leads to hypoxemia due to

Accepted Answer

A)   cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
B)   upper airway obstruction.
C)   accumulation of alveolar exudates.
D)   interstitial edema.

Question 14

The characteristic x-ray findings in tuberculosis include

Accepted Answer

A)   diffuse white-out.
B)   Ghon tubercles.
C)   bibasilar infiltrates.
D)   tracheal deviation.

Question 15

Legionnaires disease is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   presence of systemic illness.
B)   airborne mechanism of communicability.
C)   mild symptomatology.
D)   resolution with or without antimicrobial therapy.

Question 16

A common characteristic of viral pneumonia is

Accepted Answer

A)   high fever.
B)   alveolar infiltrates on a chest x-ray.
C)   increased white blood cell count.
D)   dry cough.

Question 17

The primary cause of infant respiratory distress syndrome is

Accepted Answer

A)   prematurity.
B)   lack of surfactant.
C)   maternal illegal drug use during pregnancy.
D)   umbilical cord compression.

Question 18

The most definitive diagnostic method for active tuberculosis is acquired via

Accepted Answer

A)   sputum culture.
B)   Mantoux skin test.
C)   chest x-ray.
D)   blood culture.

Question 19

Accumulation of fluid in the pleural space is called

Accepted Answer

A)   an abscess.
B)   pleurisy.
C)   flail chest.
D)   pleural effusion.

Question 20

A patient exhibiting respiratory distress as well as a tracheal shift should be evaluated for

Accepted Answer

A)   pneumonia.
B)   pneumothorax.
C)   pulmonary edema.
D)   pulmonary embolus.

Exam 23: Restrictive Pulmonary Disorders