Question 1

How did generational change affect the policies of apartheid? Did such change substantially affect the fundamental aspects of apartheid?

Accepted Answer

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Question 2

Which of the following statements about the status of public health in post-apartheid South Africa is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)  Infant mortality rates have fallen slightly. 
B)  Life expectancy rates have risen. 
C)  The country has one of the highest rates of HIV/AIDS infection in the world. 
D)  Hospitals in the main urban centers have deteriorated because health funding has gone to the countryside. 
E)  There has been greater access to health care for all citizens.

Question 3

Which of the following statements about the South African bureaucracy is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Some departments are administered in a centralized fashion by national ministries whereas others are administered by the provinces. 
B)  It has grown substantially in the post-apartheid era as the government has expanded public welfare programs. 
C)  Some central ministries have a reputation for efficiency whereas others do not. 
D)  The majority of the country's public servants are employed by provincial governments. 
E)  All of the above statements are true.

Question 4

ANC governments

Accepted Answer

A)  have never included representatives of the other parties. 
B)  have always included a representative from the Inkatha party. 
C)  have not been socially representative and thus have not embodied a racial cross section. 
D)  have reflected the party's commitment to gender equity. 
E)  have been comprised in accordance to the constitutional requirement of proportional representative power-sharing among political parties.

Question 5

Discuss some ways in which racial segregation persists in South Africa? What impact does this have on the democratization process?

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Question 6

Which of the following is an example noted in your text of a political reform in the 1970s and 1980s designed to ease, but not eliminate, apartheid?

Accepted Answer

A)  Allowing Africans to hold civil service jobs including those in security institutions like the police 
B)  Requiring that only half of the curriculum in African schools be taught in Afrikaans 
C)  The central government turning administration of townships over to African residents 
D)  African workers gaining collective bargaining rights 
E)  Allowing political parties associated with Africans to participate in subnational elections

Question 7

The Constitutional Court

Accepted Answer

A)  acts as the final court of appeal for matters related to the constitution. 
B)  Is comprised of judges appointed for life. 
C)  Is also known as the Supreme Court. 
D)  has regularly sided with the executive in its rulings. 
E)  Is widely seen by the public as being ineffective.

Question 8

The main opposition parties are

Accepted Answer

A)  the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance (D
A) , the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the Congress of the People. 
B)  the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance (D
A) , the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the New National Party. 
C)  the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance (D
A) , the Inkatha Freedom Party (IFP) and the African Christian Democratic Party. 
D)  the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance (D
A) , the Congress of the People and the African Christian Democratic Party. 
E)  the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance (D
A) , the New National Party and the United Democratic Movement.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT true of the divestment and credit denial campaign of the 1980s?

Accepted Answer

A)  It was seen by South African policy makers as more alarming than international sanctions as it might lead to diminished access to advanced technology. 
B)  It helped to ensure that the South Africa's foreign debt remained fairly low. 
C)  It was a reaction to a state of emergency imposed in 1985. 
D)  It led to the Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid Act in the United States. 
E)  It was initiated by the United Nations.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about South Africa's post-1994 reintegration into the world economy is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has resulted in deep and lasting economic disruptions just as we see in the post-communist transitions in Eastern Europe. 
B)  It has prompted an outflow of South African investment to other countries. 
C)  It has led to increased trade with other African countries. 
D)  WTO-mandated tariff reductions initially led to heavy job losses in the textile and clothing industries. 
E)  Although initially having a negative impact, reintegration has generally been beneficial leading to a stronger economy.

Question 11

Which of the following describes the relationship between the country's electoral system and how political parties act during elections?

Accepted Answer

A)  The system encourages parties to seek voters outside of their core supporters. 
B)  Because the electorate is spread out, parties are encouraged to adopt positions that have broad appeal. 
C)  Because the system does not focus on individual candidates, party leaders put people on their lists that might not win popular support if elections were centered on the appeal of individual candidates. 
D)  Multiparty competition is encouraged because the double-ballot system allows voters to split their vote, thus allowing even smaller parties the chance to obtain executive office. 
E)  All of the above statements describe the relationship between the electoral system and party behavior.

Question 12

The term Afrikaner refers to

Accepted Answer

A)  descendents of Dutch and British settlers of South Africa who speak a common language. 
B)  a citizen of South Africa. 
C)  descendents of Dutch, French, German, and Scots settlers who speak a common language. 
D)  descendents of all white settlers of South Africa. 
E)  descendents of British settlers of South Africa.

Question 13

An example of parliamentary accountability in South Africa is

Accepted Answer

A)  the president appearing for Question Time before the National Assembly. 
B)  the National Assembly approving all presidential appointments. 
C)  the members of the cabinet appearing for Question Time before the National Council of the Provinces. 
D)  parliamentary committees reviewing the work of government departments including summoning ministers to appear before them. 
E)  parliamentary committees regularly rewriting draft legislation presented by government ministers.

Question 14

Which of the following statements about electioneering is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has become increasingly easier for candidates of all parties to canvass voters outside of the areas where their core supporters live. 
B)  Ruling party speakers at mass rallies do not suggest that their electoral success will be rewarded with grants or other benefits. 
C)  The incidence of "robust" electioneering involving attacks on rival activists has been on the decline. 
D)  Rules for election broadcasting have consistently favored the ANC and continue to do so. 
E)  There continues to be informal "no go" areas in which canvassers from certain parties are forcibly excluded by their rivals.

Question 15

Government land reform efforts

Accepted Answer

A)  have made substantial progress in changing the racial patterns of landholding. 
B)  are based upon the principle of paying market-level prices to the owners and are thus subject to protracted negotiations over compensation. 
C)  are chiefly meant to prevent illegal land occupations or squatting. 
D)  has been solely based upon the principle of the right of return of those Africans who were forced from their land during the apartheid era. 
E)  has severely hurt the agricultural production of the country making it necessary to import foodstuffs from abroad.

Question 16

What are the political implications and effects of South Africa's electoral system? Are these detrimental to the democratization process in the country? Cite specific examples from your text.

Accepted Answer

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Question 17

The close historic relationship between the Communist Party and the ANC

Accepted Answer

A)  has increasingly diminished in the post-apartheid era as evidenced by the communists running separately from the ANC in the last two elections. 
B)  helped to ensure that the ANC defined it programs on a broader basis other than simply race including opening up its ranks to whites, Indians, and Coloureds. 
C)  helped the ANC to establish close ties to Western European socialist governments during its years in exile. 
D)  encouraged the ANC to adopt an internal organization that emphasized decentralization and internal democracy rather than centralization and authority. 
E)  was used by the United States as a reason to denounce the ANC as a radical organization during the apartheid era.

Question 18

The South African president is elected

Accepted Answer

A)  directly by the people in a national election. 
B)  by The National Assembly. 
C)  by a body of electors similar to the American Electoral College. 
D)  by both chambers of the parliament. 
E)  by provincial governors.

Question 19

Economic liberalization and deregulation

Accepted Answer

A)  has brought about the end of state ownership of all key industries including railroads, telephone utilities, and the defense industry. 
B)  have not had an economically averse affect on municipal governments. 
C)  began during the late apartheid era and have continued during the post-apartheid era. 
D)  began only after the end of apartheid. 
E)  came only as a result of concessions made by South Africa in order to join international bodies like the World Trade Organization.

Question 20

In looking at the results of the four post-apartheid elections, it is clear that

Accepted Answer

A)  ANC electoral support has been fairly stable. 
B)  The Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance's electoral support has grown substantially. 
C)  Voter turnout-as measured by both a percentage of registered voters and as a percentage of the voting age population-has declined. 
D)  The ANC and the Democratic Party/Democratic Alliance have the greatest electoral support among voters. 
E)  All of the above statements are true.

Exam 11: South Africa