Question 1

Cystic fibrosis (CF)is suspected in a toddler.Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Bronchoscopy 
B) Serum calcium 
C) Urine creatinine 
D) Sweat chloride test

Question 2

An infant's parents ask the nurse about preventing OM.Which should be recommended?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid tobacco smoke. 
B) Use nasal decongestant. 
C) Avoid children with OM. 
D) Bottle-feed or breastfeed in supine position.

Question 3

The nurse is assessing a child with acute epiglottitis.Examining the child's throat by using a tongue depressor might precipitate which symptom or condition?

Accepted Answer

A) Inspiratory stridor 
B) Complete obstruction 
C) Sore throat 
D) Respiratory tract infection

Question 4

In providing nourishment for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF),which factor should the nurse keep in mind?

Accepted Answer

A) Diet should be high in carbohydrates and protein. 
B) Diet should be high in easily digested carbohydrates and fats. 
C) Most fruits and vegetables are not well tolerated. 
D) Fats and proteins must be greatly curtailed.

Question 5

Which drug is considered the most useful in treating childhood cardiac arrest?

Accepted Answer

A) Bretylium tosylate (Bretylium) 
B) Lidocaine hydrochloride (Lidocaine) 
C) Epinephrine hydrochloride (Adrenaline) 
D) Naloxone (Narcan)

Question 6

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB)to stay at the bedside as much as possible.The nurse's rationale for this action is described primarily in which statement?

Accepted Answer

A) Mothers of hospitalized toddlers often experience guilt. 
B) The mother's presence will reduce anxiety and ease child's respiratory efforts. 
C) Separation from mother is a major developmental threat at this age. 
D) The mother can provide constant observations of the child's respiratory efforts.

Question 7

A nurse is charting that a hospitalized child has labored breathing.Which describes labored breathing?

Accepted Answer

A) Dyspnea 
B) Tachypnea 
C) Hypopnea 
D) Orthopnea

Question 8

Which frequency is recommended for childhood skin testing for tuberculosis (TB)using the Mantoux test?

Accepted Answer

A) Every year for all children older than 2 years 
B) Every year for all children older than 10 years 
C) Every 2 years for all children starting at age 1 year 
D) Periodically for children who reside in high-prevalence regions

Question 9

A child is diagnosed with influenza,probably type A disease.Management includes which recommendation?

Accepted Answer

A) Clear liquid diet for hydration 
B) Aspirin to control fever 
C) Amantadine hydrochloride (Symmetrel) to reduce symptoms 
D) Antibiotics to prevent bacterial infection

Question 10

Effective lone-rescuer CPR on a 5-year-old child should include

Accepted Answer

A) two breaths to every 30 chest compressions. 
B) two breaths to every 15 chest compressions. 
C) reassessment of child after 50 cycles of compression and ventilation. 
D) reassessment of child every 10 minutes that CPR continues.

Question 11

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF)receives aerosolized bronchodilator medication.When should this medication be administered?

Accepted Answer

A) Before chest physiotherapy (CPT) 
B) After CPT 
C) Before receiving 100% oxygen 
D) After receiving 100% oxygen

Question 12

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim)is prescribed.Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?

Accepted Answer

A) "I should administer all the prescribed medication." 
B) "I should continue medication until the symptoms subside." 
C) "I will immediately stop giving medication if I notice a change in hearing." 
D) "I will stop giving medication if fever is still present in 24 hours."

Question 13

A nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST)on an adolescent who is HIV positive.Which induration size indicates a positive result for this child 48-72 hours after the test?

Accepted Answer

A) $ \geq $5 mm 
B) $ \geq $10 mm 
C) $ \geq $15 mm 
D) $ \geq $ 20 mm

Question 14

Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME)is differentiated from acute otitis media (AOM)because it is usually characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A) a fever as high as 40° C (104° F). 
B) severe pain in the ear. 
C) nausea and vomiting. 
D) a feeling of fullness in the ear.

Question 15

It is now recommended that children with asthma who are taking long-term inhaled steroids should be assessed frequently because which disease or assessment findings may develop?

Accepted Answer

A) Cough 
B) Osteoporosis 
C) Slowed growth 
D) Cushing syndrome

Question 16

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant displays which clinical manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A) Fussiness 
B) Coughing 
C) A fever over 99° F 
D) Signs of an earache

Question 17

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy in 2 hours.Which action should the nurse include in the child's postoperative care plan? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A) Notify the surgeon if the child swallows frequently. 
B) Apply a heat collar to the child for pain relief. 
C) Place the child on the abdomen until fully wake. 
D) Allow the child to have diluted juice after the procedure. 
E) Encourage the child to cough frequently.

Question 18

A nurse is caring for a child in acute respiratory failure.Which blood gas analysis indicates the child is still in respiratory acidosis?

Accepted Answer

A) pH 7.50, CO2 48 
B) pH 7.30, CO2 30 
C) pH 7.32, CO2 50 
D) pH 7.48, CO2 33

Question 19

A nurse is teaching nursing students about clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF).Which is/are the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s)of CF?

Accepted Answer

A) Meconium ileus 
B) History of poor intestinal absorption 
C) Foul-smelling, frothy, greasy stools 
D) Recurrent pneumonia and lung infections

Question 20

A nurse is admitting an infant with asthma.The nurse understands that asthma in infants is usually triggered by:

Accepted Answer

A) medications. 
B) a viral infection. 
C) exposure to cold air. 
D) allergy to dust or dust mites.

Exam 23: The Child with Respiratory Dysfunction

Cystic fibrosis (CF) is suspected in a toddler.Which test is essential in establishing this diagnosis?

An infant's parents ask the nurse about preventing OM.Which should be recommended?

The nurse is assessing a child with acute epiglottitis.Examining the child's throat by using a tongue depressor might precipitate which symptom or condition?

In providing nourishment for a child with cystic fibrosis (CF) ,which factor should the nurse keep in mind?

Which drug is considered the most useful in treating childhood cardiac arrest?

The nurse encourages the mother of a toddler with acute laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) to stay at the bedside as much as possible.The nurse's rationale for this action is described primarily in which statement?

A nurse is charting that a hospitalized child has labored breathing.Which describes labored breathing?

Which frequency is recommended for childhood skin testing for tuberculosis (TB) using the Mantoux test?

A child is diagnosed with influenza,probably type A disease.Management includes which recommendation?

Effective lone-rescuer CPR on a 5-year-old child should include

A child with cystic fibrosis (CF) receives aerosolized bronchodilator medication.When should this medication be administered?

An 18-month-old child is seen in the clinic with AOM.Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (Bactrim) is prescribed.Which statement made by the parent indicates a correct understanding of the instructions?

A nurse is interpreting the results of a tuberculin skin test (TST) on an adolescent who is HIV positive.Which induration size indicates a positive result for this child 48-72 hours after the test?

Chronic otitis media with effusion (OME) is differentiated from acute otitis media (AOM) because it is usually characterized by:

It is now recommended that children with asthma who are taking long-term inhaled steroids should be assessed frequently because which disease or assessment findings may develop?

The parent of an infant with nasopharyngitis should be instructed to notify the health professional if the infant displays which clinical manifestation?

The nurse is caring for a 5-year-old child who is scheduled for a tonsillectomy in 2 hours.Which action should the nurse include in the child's postoperative care plan? (Select all that apply.)

A nurse is caring for a child in acute respiratory failure.Which blood gas analysis indicates the child is still in respiratory acidosis?

A nurse is teaching nursing students about clinical manifestations of cystic fibrosis (CF) .Which is/are the earliest recognizable clinical manifestation(s) of CF?

A nurse is admitting an infant with asthma.The nurse understands that asthma in infants is usually triggered by: