Question 1

In some obese people,carbohydrate consumption may:

Accepted Answer

A) Elevate mood 
B) Lead to depression 
C) Reduce serotonin levels 
D) Increase norepinephrine levels

Question 2

The vagus nerve is important to hunger because it is:

Accepted Answer

A) Used by the brain to monitor protein levels 
B) Used by the medulla to keep track of nutrient levels in the body 
C) Used by the PVN to monitor fat levels 
D) Not important for hunger,but is important for thirst

Question 3

One of the newest proposed pharmaceutical means of addressing obesity has been to administer an appetite-suppressing hormone known as ___.

Accepted Answer

A) FTO 
B) PYY 
C) CKK 
D) Y-sibutramine

Question 4

Generally,the amount of leptin in the blood is proportional to:

Accepted Answer

A) Neuropeptide Y levels 
B) Insulin levels 
C) Fat levels 
D) Glycogen levels

Question 5

The genetic ob/ob mice ___ sensitive to the fat signal and ___ produce that signal.

Accepted Answer

A) are,do 
B) are,do not 
C) are not,do 
D) are not,do not

Question 6

Describe the different types of thirst and their basic biological mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the different types of thirst and...

Question 7

The average correlation for the BMI of identical twins is about:

Accepted Answer

A) 0)25 
B) 0)50 
C) 0)74 
D) 1)7

Question 8

When the current condition does not equal the set point,then:

Accepted Answer

A) Motivation will decrease and the organism will wait until the current situation changes. 
B) Motivation will decrease so the organism is more likely to behave randomly. 
C) The organism will be motivated to behave to return the drive to the set point. 
D) The organism will be in a temporary state of satisfaction until the drive returns to the set point and motivates directed behavior.

Question 9

One reason that dieting may not work is:

Accepted Answer

A) A low BMR 
B) A high BMR 
C) An insensitive BMR 
D) None of the above

Question 10

If you are forced to move to Nome,Alaska,you will find yourself colder more often,and therefore need to eat more food to maintain your body temperature.As a result,which of the following will also go up?

Accepted Answer

A) Your weight 
B) Your basal metabolism 
C) Your ghrelin levels 
D) Your CCK levels

Question 11

A BMI value over 25 is predictive of ___,while having a BMI over 40 predicts ___.

Accepted Answer

A) dying 3 years earlier than if normal weight,dying 6-7 years earlier 
B) dying up to 2 years earlier than if normal weight,dying 8-10 years earlier 
C) dying 1.5 years earlier than if normal weight,dying 3 years earlier 
D) dying 8 years earlier than if normal weight,dying 10 years early

Question 12

Although the set point for hunger varies somewhat from day to day,in general it is fairly constant across the life span.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following statements regarding neuropeptide Y is false?

Accepted Answer

A) It is released by the preoptic area of the hypothalamus. 
B) It stimulates eating. 
C) It is released in response to low glucose. 
D) It may help an animal to conserve energy.

Question 14

An exciting new treatment for obesity,which increases metabolism,targets fat reduction,and spares lean muscle mass is:

Accepted Answer

A) Leptin 
B) Insulin 
C) Parabiotics 
D) Penicillin

Question 15

When the ventromedial hypothalamus is lesioned in one parabiotic rat and not the other,the one lesioned will ___ and the one not lesioned will ___.

Accepted Answer

A) overeat,overeat 
B) under eat,under eat 
C) overeat,under eat 
D) under eat,overeat

Question 16

The urge to eat can be a result of either leptin ___ or neuropeptide Y ___.

Accepted Answer

A) increasing,increasing 
B) increasing,decreasing 
C) decreasing,increasing 
D) increasing,remains the same

Question 17

Although humans can't easily resist junk food,rats easily avoid our high-caloric,low-nutrient snacks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

To maintain body temperature in cold weather an organism may:

Accepted Answer

A) Increase metabolism 
B) Constrict blood vessels 
C) Move to a sunny location 
D) All of the above

Question 19

The "wisdom of the body" in reference to hunger refers to:

Accepted Answer

A) How the body regulates the amount of food consumed 
B) The ability to maintain a particular weight under normal conditions 
C) The ability to choose a relatively balanced diet 
D) None of the above

Question 20

Which of the following procedures induces drinking?

Accepted Answer

A) Increasing blood volume 
B) Increasing fluid retention in the kidney 
C) Lesioning the organum vasculosum lamina terminalis 
D) Injecting angiotensin into the subfornical organ

Exam 6: Motivation and the Regulation of Internal States