Question 1

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in current research studies? The use of deception:

Accepted Answer

A)   in studies is no longer approved by Institutional Review Boards.
B)   involves not telling a subject if he or she is in the control or intervention group.
C)   is the same thing as using covert methods of data collection.
D)   violates the right of self-determination. D

Question 2

Which of the following is a true statement regarding use of animals in research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nurses are almost never involved with animal research.
B)   Research studies should be conducted on whether animals should be used in research.
C)   The Institutional Review Board gives the same scrutiny to animal research as it does to research with human subjects.
D)   The main goal of the Public Health Service policy is to ensure the humane treatment of animals used in research. D

Question 3

The safeguard mechanism by which even the researcher cannot link the participant with the information provided is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   anonymity.
B)   confidentiality.
C)   informed consent.
D)   right to privacy. A

Question 4

Which of the following rights or principles did the Willowbrook Study not violate? The principle or right of/to:

Accepted Answer

A)   beneficence
B)   justice
C)   privacy
D)   self-determination

Question 5

A researcher looking over a patient's record for purposes of obtaining research data would be exposing that subject to what degree of harm?

Accepted Answer

A)   No anticipated effects
B)   Risk of permanent damage
C)   Temporary discomfort
D)   Unusual levels of temporary discomfort

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Tuskegee Syphilis Study? The

Accepted Answer

A)   proven medical treatment, when available, was withheld from the subjects.
B)   purpose of the study outweighed the risks and continued for 40 years.
C)   research design was amended so that it could continue regardless of the outcome.
D)   subjects did not know they were in a study.

Question 7

The researcher's efforts to maximize benefits and minimize risks refer to the research subject's right to:

Accepted Answer

A)   anonymity and confidentiality.
B)   fair treatment.
C)   protection from discomfort and harm.
D)   self-determination.

Question 8

Conducting a study using children as subjects requires all except which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Assent
B)   Informed consent
C)   Pilot study
D)   Permission

Question 9

A researcher who does not disclose that a portion of the data from the original study sample was not used in the final data analysis could be accused of:

Accepted Answer

A)   infidelity.
B)   lack of scientific objectivity.
C)   plagiarism.
D)   scientific misconduct.

Question 10

The goal of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) addresses which of the following? The principle or right of/to:

Accepted Answer

A)   beneficence
B)   justice
C)   respect
D)   self-determination

Question 11

The provision that research be differentiated to potential subjects as therapeutic or nontherapeutic is a part of the:

Accepted Answer

A)   Declaration of Helsinki.
B)   Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations.
C)   National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects ordinance.
D)   Nuremberg Code.

Question 12

When assessing unusual levels of temporary discomfort, which of the following would be the top concern to a researcher?

Accepted Answer

A)   A potential feeling of sadness when reminiscing about old memories
B)   Completion of the tool takes 30 minutes of the subject's time
C)   The participant needs to travel across town to the research facility
D)   Unrelieved pain caused by the use of a placebo medication in a study looking at chronic pain relief

Question 13

Which of the following is not among the rights of research subjects that are protected in ethical research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Fair pay for participation
B)   Privacy
C)   Protection from discomfort and harm
D)   Self-determination

Question 14

Competence of a potential research subject to give informed consent is typically determined by the:

Accepted Answer

A)   closest of kin.
B)   patient.
C)   primary health care provider.
D)   researcher.

Question 15

A questionnaire has an ID number in one corner that allows the research team to identify the subject. This is an example of:

Accepted Answer

A)   anonymity.
B)   confidentiality.
C)   deception.
D)   informed consent.

Question 16

Which of the following identified the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice as relevant to the conduct of research using human subjects in the United States?

Accepted Answer

A)   Declaration of Helsinki
B)   Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations
C)   National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects ordinance
D)   Nuremberg Code

Question 17

Subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental treatment for AIDS are educated about essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study. This process is referred to as:

Accepted Answer

A)   contractual agreement.
B)   debriefing.
C)   informed consent.
D)   legal liability.

Question 18

What international document was developed in 1949 to direct investigators in conducting ethical research?

Accepted Answer

A)   Declaration of Helsinki
B)   Department of Health, Education, and Welfare regulations
C)   National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects ordinance
D)   Nuremberg Code

Question 19

What statement is untrue regarding the atrocious medical activities of the Third Reich in Europe during the late 1930s and early 1940s?

Accepted Answer

A)   Although terrible, at least some valuable medical information made up for the misconduct.
B)   Researchers did not follow standard methodology for scientific study.
C)   Subjects in the experiments would be considered a vulnerable population.
D)   The medical experiments were conducted on a biased sample.

Question 20

Informed consent requires that a study subject has free power of choice regarding participation and:

Accepted Answer

A)   general knowledge and comprehension of the study.
B)   information on the study design.
C)   psychological support from the researcher and staff.
D)   the right to direct his or her role in the study.

Exam 4: Examining Ethics in Nursing Research

Which of the following statements is true regarding the use of deception in current research studies? The use of deception:

Which of the following is a true statement regarding use of animals in research?

The safeguard mechanism by which even the researcher cannot link the participant with the information provided is called:

Which of the following rights or principles did the Willowbrook Study not violate? The principle or right of/to:

A researcher looking over a patient's record for purposes of obtaining research data would be exposing that subject to what degree of harm?

Which of the following statements is true regarding the Tuskegee Syphilis Study? The

The researcher's efforts to maximize benefits and minimize risks refer to the research subject's right to:

Conducting a study using children as subjects requires all except which of the following?

A researcher who does not disclose that a portion of the data from the original study sample was not used in the final data analysis could be accused of:

The goal of the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act (HIPAA) addresses which of the following? The principle or right of/to:

The provision that research be differentiated to potential subjects as therapeutic or nontherapeutic is a part of the:

When assessing unusual levels of temporary discomfort, which of the following would be the top concern to a researcher?

Which of the following is not among the rights of research subjects that are protected in ethical research?

Competence of a potential research subject to give informed consent is typically determined by the:

A questionnaire has an ID number in one corner that allows the research team to identify the subject. This is an example of:

Which of the following identified the ethical principles of respect for persons, beneficence, and justice as relevant to the conduct of research using human subjects in the United States?

Subjects who volunteered to receive an experimental treatment for AIDS are educated about essential study information, assessed for understanding of this information, and asked to willingly participate in the research study. This process is referred to as:

What international document was developed in 1949 to direct investigators in conducting ethical research?

What statement is untrue regarding the atrocious medical activities of the Third Reich in Europe during the late 1930s and early 1940s?

Informed consent requires that a study subject has free power of choice regarding participation and: