Question 1

A child diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is going to begin medication therapy. The nurse should plan to teach the family about which classification of medications?

Accepted Answer

A)   Central nervous system stimulants and non-stimulants
B)   Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) 
C)   Antipsychotic medications
D)   Anxiolytic medications A

Question 2

When assessing a 2-year-old diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder, a nurse expects:

Accepted Answer

A)   hyperactivity and attention deficits.
B)   failure to develop interpersonal skills.
C)   history of disobedience and destructive acts.
D)   high levels of anxiety when separated from a parent. B

Question 3

A nurse assesses the four children below. Which assessment findings should prompt the nurse to refer the child for further evaluation?

Accepted Answer

A)   4-year-old who stuttered for 3 weeks after the birth of a sibling
B)   9-month-old who does not eat vegetables and likes to be rocked
C)   3-month-old who cries after feeding until burped and sucks a thumb
D)   3-year-old who is mute, passive toward adults, and twirls while walking D

Question 4

Which behavior indicates that the treatment plan for a child diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder was effective? The child:

Accepted Answer

A)   plays with one toy for 30 minutes.
B)   repeats words spoken by a parent.
C)   holds the parent's hand while walking.
D)   spins around and claps hands while walking.

Question 5

Shortly after a 15-year-old's parents announce a plan to divorce, the adolescent stops participating in sports, sits alone at lunch, and avoids former friends. The adolescent says, "All the other kids have families. If my parents loved me, then they would stay together." Which nursing intervention is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   Develop a plan for activities of daily living.
B)   Communicate disbelief relative to the adolescent's feelings.
C)   Assist the adolescent to differentiate reality from perceptions.
D)   Assess and document the adolescent's level of depression daily.

Question 6

A 12-year-old child has been the neighborhood bully for several years. The parents say, "We can't believe anything our child says." Recently, the child shot a dog with a pellet gun and set fire to a trash bin outside a store. The child's behaviors are most consistent with:

Accepted Answer

A)   conduct disorder (C
D)  .
B)   defiance of authority.
C)   anxiety over separation from a parent.
D)   attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D)  .

Question 7

When group therapy is to be used as a treatment modality, the nurse should suggest placing a 9-year-old in a group that uses:

Accepted Answer

A)   play activities exclusively.
B)   group discussion exclusively.
C)   talk focused on a specific issue.
D)   play and then talk about the play activity.

Question 8

A 15-year-old adolescent has run away from home six times. After the adolescent was arrested for prostitution, the parents told the court, "We can't manage our teenager." The adolescent is physically abusive to the mother and defiant with the father. The adolescent's problem is most consistent with criteria for:

Accepted Answer

A)   attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D)  .
B)   childhood depression.
C)   conduct disorder (C
D)  .
D)   autism spectrum disorder (AS
D)  .

Question 9

Which finding would prompt the nurse to carefully assess an 8-year-old child for development of a psychiatric disorder?

Accepted Answer

A)   Being raised by a parent with chronic major depressive disorder
B)   Moving to three new homes over a 2-year period
C)   Not being promoted to the next grade
D)   Having an imaginary friend

Question 10

An 11-year-old child, who has been diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD), becomes angry over the rules at a residential treatment program and begins shouting at the nurse. Select the best method to defuse the situation.

Accepted Answer

A)   Assign the child to a short time-out.
B)   Administer an antipsychotic medication.
C)   Place the child in a therapeutic hold.
D)   Call a staff member to seclude the child.

Question 11

A desired outcome for a 12-year-old diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is to improve relationships with other children. Which treatment modality should the nurse suggest for the plan of care?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bibliotherapy
B)   Music therapy
C)   Social skills groups
D)   Behavior modification

Question 12

What are the primary distinguishing factors between the behavior of children diagnosed with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) and those diagnosed with conduct disorder (CD)? (Select all that apply.) The child diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

A)   ODD relives traumatic events by acting them out.
B)   ODD tests limits and disobeys authority figures.
C)   ODD has difficulty separating from the parents.
D)   CD uses stereotypical or repetitive language.
E)   CD often violates the rights of others.

Question 13

An adolescent diagnosed with generalized anxiety disorder says, "My parents focus all their attention on my brother instead of me. He's perfect in their eyes." Which type of therapy might promote the greatest change in this adolescent's behavior?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bibliotherapy
B)   Play therapy
C)   Family therapy
D)   Behavior modification therapy

Question 14

The child most likely to receive propranolol (Inderal) to manage tremors is one diagnosed with:

Accepted Answer

A)   attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D)  .
B)   posttraumatic stress disorder (PTS
D)  .
C)   a motor disorder.
D)   separation anxiety.

Question 15

When a 5-year-old child is disruptive, the nurse says, "You must take a time-out." The expectation is that the child will:

Accepted Answer

A)   go to a quiet room until called for the next meal.
B)   slowly count to 20 before returning to the group activity.
C)   sit on the edge of the activity until able to regain self-control.
D)   sit quietly on the lap of a staff member until able to apologize for the behavior.

Question 16

A nurse will prepare teaching materials regarding which medication for the parents of a child diagnosed with enuresis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Haloperidol (Haldol) 
B)   Desmopressin (DDAVP) 
C)   Methylphenidate (Ritalin) 
D)   Carbamazepine (Tegretol)

Question 17

A 5-year-old child moves and talks constantly. The child awakens before the parents every morning. The child attends kindergarten, but the teacher reports difficulty handling the behavior. What is this child's most likely problem?

Accepted Answer

A)   Tic disorder
B)   Oppositional defiant disorder (OD
D)  
C)   Intellectual development disorder (ID
D)  
D)   Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADH
D)

Question 18

A 4-year-old child cries and screams from the time the parents leave the child at preschool until the child is picked up 4 hours later. The child is calm and relaxed when the parents are present. The parents ask, "What should we do?" What is the nurse's best recommendation?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Send a picture of yourself to school to keep with the child."
B)   "Arrange with the teacher to let the child call home at playtime."
C)   "Talk with the school about withdrawing the child until maturity increases."
D)   "Talk with your health care provider about a referral to a mental health professional."

Question 19

A nurse assesses a 3-year-old diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder. Which finding is most associated with the child's disorder? The child:

Accepted Answer

A)   has occasional toileting accidents.
B)   is unable to read children's books.
C)   cries when separated from a parent.
D)   continuously rocks in place for 30 minutes.

Question 20

A nurse prepares the plan of care for a 15-year-old adolescent diagnosed with moderate intellectual developmental disorder (IDD). What are the highest outcomes realistic for this person? (Select all that apply.) Within 5 years, the person will:

Accepted Answer

A)   live unaided in an apartment.
B)   obtain employment in a local sheltered workshop.
C)   correctly use public buses to travel in the community.
D)   independently perform his or her own personal hygiene.
E)   complete high school or earn a general equivalency diploma (GE
D)  .

Exam 26: Children and Adolescents