Question 1

Compared to the medical model of health,the biopsychosocial model:

Accepted Answer

A)  includes more factors 
B)  ignores human biology 
C)  is rarely used in practice 
D)  is more simplistic

Question 2

Claude Bouchard conducted research on the effects of overfeeding on weight gain and found that identical twins were similar in the amount of weight they gained.This study provides evidence for which of the following statements?

Accepted Answer

A)  Environment plays an important role in weight gain. 
B)  Being an identical twin is stressful and therefore likely to cause weight gain. 
C)  Weight gain is inevitable for most people if they overeat. 
D)  Genes play an important role in weight gain.

Question 3

In Lazarus's two-part cognitive appraisal process,secondary appraisals involve:

Accepted Answer

A)  interpreting the sensory input 
B)  deciding whether a situation is stressful or not 
C)  evaluating our response options and choosing coping behaviors 
D)  engaging in anticipatory coping

Question 4

Dr.Anh decides to test her drug,Sarzone,against a placebo in two randomly selected patient groups.She finds that in both patient groups,20 percent of the patients reported fewer symptoms.Dr.Anh should conclude that:

Accepted Answer

A)  drugs are often ineffective in treating illness 
B)  she made some mistakes in her research design 
C)  patient expectations have little to do with the drug effects 
D)  Sarzone has no effect beyond that of patient expectations

Question 5

The leading cause of death in the United States is:

Accepted Answer

A)  car accidents 
B)  suicide 
C)  AIDS 
D)  heart disease

Question 6

Which one of the following is NOT an example of emotion-focused coping?

Accepted Answer

A)  avoidance of stressor 
B)  minimizing the problem 
C)  distancing oneself from the outcome 
D)  creating alternative solutions

Question 7

Stress increases the release of cortisol,and the cortisol helps us cope with the stress.If stress continues for prolonged periods of time:

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol production is exhausted 
B)  the antagonist to cortisol dominates the physiological system 
C)  cortisol no longer has its usual effects 
D)  the increased cortisol begins to have adverse effects on bodily and mental functioning

Question 8

In which stage of the stress response does the body increase its immunity to infection and disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  alarm 
B)  resistance 
C)  exhaustion 
D)  specific stress

Question 9

Being very overweight is:

Accepted Answer

A)  primarily linked to personality 
B)  a major health problem in contemporary society 
C)  primarily a result of overeating 
D)  primarily a result of genetic factors

Question 10

According to your textbook,those who are likely to liver longer and have better health are characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  an emotion-focused approach to coping 
B)  rumination 
C)  seeking out information 
D)  social support

Question 11

Juan-Carlos is extremely afraid of being attacked and killed by sharks,even though he very rarely goes swimming in the ocean.This example illustrates the fact that:

Accepted Answer

A)  people often fear the wrong causes of death 
B)  both common and rare events are highly stressful 
C)  shark attacks are becoming increasingly common 
D)  men tend to be afraid of rare events, whereas women are afraid of more common events

Question 12

Hardy individuals tend to view life events as less stressful than those who are low on this personality dimension.An important aspect of how they view their daily life is that:

Accepted Answer

A)  they tend to resist negative changes 
B)  when stressed, they focus on negative thoughts and feelings 
C)  they have varying levels of commitment to their daily activities 
D)  they feel they are largely in control of what happens to them

Question 13

Research indicates that exposure to a stressor serves to activate:

Accepted Answer

A)  the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system 
B)  the norepinephrine system but not the epinephrine system 
C)  primarily the right brain hemisphere 
D)  primarily the left brain hemisphere

Question 14

When men and women are placed under equivalent levels of stress:

Accepted Answer

A)  both appear equally motivated to seek out social support 
B)  women are more likely than men to seek out social support 
C)  men are more prone to seek social support than women are 
D)  both men and women are equally motivated, but women prefer support from men, whereas men seek support from both sexes

Question 15

In humans,the alarm stage of the general adaptation syndrome involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  the inhibition of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal system 
B)  the production of cortisol, which helps the body respond to stress 
C)  reduced production of both norepinephrine and epinephrine 
D)  deactivation of the sympathetic nervous system

Question 16

Mike and Heather have a disagreeable marriage.They fight often and no longer believe they are in love.Mike and Heather will typically show _____ levels of oxytocin compared to when they were in love.

Accepted Answer

A)  similar 
B)  lower 
C)  higher 
D)  more variable

Question 17

Immune functioning and the experience of positive events have been shown to:

Accepted Answer

A)  be negatively correlated 
B)  have a random relationship 
C)  be positively correlated 
D)  be positively correlated in women and negatively correlated in men

Question 18

The difference between eustress and distress involves whether the event is perceived as:

Accepted Answer

A)  acute or chronic 
B)  positive or negative 
C)  occurring now or in the future 
D)  involving the self or others

Question 19

Levels of this hormone are found to be high in women who are socially distressed but not for men.

Accepted Answer

A)  cortisol 
B)  oxytocin 
C)  norepinephrine 
D)  testosterone

Question 20

Based on what you know about downward comparisons,which emotion is most likely to follow a downward comparison?

Accepted Answer

A)  relief 
B)  excitement 
C)  embarrassment 
D)  depression

Exam 11: Health and Well-Being