Question 1

Upon reaching the brain,most antidepressant drugs affect

Accepted Answer

A)   amine neurotransmitters such as norepinephrine and serotonin
B)   amino acids such as leucine and isoleucine
C)   carbohydrates such as glucose and fructose
D)   acetylcholine
E)   cerebral blood flow A

Question 2

Patients who begin antidepressant drug therapy often experience a delay of at least ______ before they notice a decrease in depression.

Accepted Answer

A)   1 to 2 minutes
B)   1 to 2 hours
C)   1 to 2 days
D)   1 to 2 weeks
E)   none of the above are true D

Question 3

Tricyclic antidepressants work by ______ the reuptake of ______ into the presynaptic terminal of certain CNS neurons.

Accepted Answer

A)   increasing; amine neurotransmitters
B)   inhibiting; amine neurotransmitters
C)   increasing; amino acids
D)   inhibiting; amino acids
E)   increasing; acetylcholine B

Question 4

Antidepressant drugs that inhibit the ______ enzyme allow more amine neurotransmitters to remain in the synaptic cleft and continue to exert an effect in CNS synapses involved in depression.

Accepted Answer

A)   cholinesterase
B)   sodium-potassium ATPase
C)   monoamine oxidase
D)   choline acetyltransferase
E)   dopa decarboxylase

Question 5

Antidepressant drugs that selectively affect 5-hydroxytryptamine neurotransmission may also cause "serotonin syndrome" which is characterized by

Accepted Answer

A)   sweating
B)   shivering
C)   movement disorders (severe restlessness, dystonias, dyskinesias) 
D)   muscle fasciculations
E)   all the above are true

Question 6

Lithium has a tendency to accumulate in the body and reaches toxic levels (lithium toxicity)because

Accepted Answer

A)   lithium elimination takes place almost exclusively through excretion in the urine
B)   lithium is metabolized by hepatic enzymes
C)   lithium is not absorbed easily from the GI tract
D)   all the above are true
E)   none of the above are true

Question 7

Aside from their antidepressant effects,tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline may be useful in treating

Accepted Answer

A)   chronic pain syndromes
B)   hypertension
C)   viral infections
D)   bacterial infections
E)   gastric ulcers

Question 8

Certain newer or second-generation antidepressants such as fluoxetine (Prozac),paroxetine (Paxil),and sertraline (Zoloft)have received attention because of their ability to selectively affect ______ reuptake at certain CNS synapses.

Accepted Answer

A)   norepinephrine
B)   dopamine
C)   acetylcholine
D)   5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) 
E)   gama-amino butyric acid (GAB
A)

Question 9

According to the neurogenesis basis for depression,antidepressant drugs may increase the CNS production of ____,thereby leading to increased synaptic connections in the _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine; basal ganglia
B)   dopamine; hippocampus
C)   brain-derived neurotrophic factor; basal ganglia
D)   brain-derived neurotrophic factor; hippocampus
E)   acetylcholine; cerebellum

Question 10

The cornerstone of drug treatment for bipolar syndrome (manic-depression)consists of

Accepted Answer

A)   tricylic antipressants
B)   monoamine oxidase inhibitors
C)   selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
D)   lithium
E)   dopamine agonists

Exam 7: Drugs to Treat Affective Disorders Depression and Bipolar Syndrome

Upon reaching the brain,most antidepressant drugs affect

Patients who begin antidepressant drug therapy often experience a delay of at least ______ before they notice a decrease in depression.

Tricyclic antidepressants work by the reuptake of into the presynaptic terminal of certain CNS neurons.

Antidepressant drugs that inhibit the ______ enzyme allow more amine neurotransmitters to remain in the synaptic cleft and continue to exert an effect in CNS synapses involved in depression.

Antidepressant drugs that selectively affect 5-hydroxytryptamine neurotransmission may also cause "serotonin syndrome" which is characterized by

Lithium has a tendency to accumulate in the body and reaches toxic levels (lithium toxicity) because

Aside from their antidepressant effects,tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and nortriptyline may be useful in treating

Certain newer or second-generation antidepressants such as fluoxetine (Prozac) ,paroxetine (Paxil) ,and sertraline (Zoloft) have received attention because of their ability to selectively affect ______ reuptake at certain CNS synapses.

According to the neurogenesis basis for depression,antidepressant drugs may increase the CNS production of ,thereby leading to increased synaptic connections in the _.

The cornerstone of drug treatment for bipolar syndrome (manic-depression) consists of