Question 1

Members of the Dene Nation were hired to transport uranium from the first uranium mine trekking it overland in burlap bags. Information about the dangers of exposure to uranium was withheld and no protective equipment was provided. What do sociologists call this?

Accepted Answer

A)  prejudice and discrimination 
B)  industrial espionage 
C)  environmental racism 
D)  Cultural genocides

Question 2

Explain the role of communication and travel technologies in the globalization of social movements.

Accepted Answer

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Question 3

Explain what is meant by the term cooperative alternative in the fight against environmental degradation.

Accepted Answer

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Question 4

What component of solidarity theory was exemplified when, after the Middle East oil crisis of 1973, governments had to cut back on social welfare programs and there were fewer strikes?

Accepted Answer

A)  industrial craft mobility 
B)  population immobility 
C)  inflated unionism 
D)  resource mobilization

Question 5

Exposure to technological risks is distributed equally throughout the world.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Increases in evaporated water have produced bigger storms, more precipitation, more flooding, and more soil erosion. Which of the following best describes the consequences of these environmental changes?

Accepted Answer

A)  corporations cashing in 
B)  the wealthy building their homes further from urban centres 
C)  technological innovation to deal with natural disasters progressing at an unprecedented speed 
D)  people suffering and dying

Question 7

According to Ulrich Beck, which of the following is more worrisome than the fact that technologies are likely to fail sometimes?

Accepted Answer

A)  technological determinism 
B)  environmental threats 
C)  technological imperialism 
D)  food shortages

Question 8

Briefly outline the four questions identified by the text that have been prompted by the perception that technology seems to be spinning out of control.

Accepted Answer

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Question 9

Which of the following terms did sociologist Charles Perrow coin in recognition of the fact that the complexity of modern technologies ensures they will inevitably fail, although in unpredictable ways?

Accepted Answer

A)  inexplicable occurrence 
B)  human error 
C)  the two faces of technology 
D)  normal accident

Question 10

What is the definition of technological determinism?

Accepted Answer

A)  the belief that technology determines the creation of a risk society 
B)  the belief that technology determines human life chances 
C)  the belief that technology determines more than biology does 
D)  the belief that technology is the major force shaping human society and history

Question 11

Outline the three ways frame alignment can be encouraged.

Accepted Answer

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Question 12

At the beginning of the twentieth century, Edison's "invention factory" made evident the fact that scientific and engineering genius usually operates in isolation of any social supports or influences.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

According to solidarity theory, the nature of government reactions to protests influences subsequent protests. What is the term used by solidarity theorists to describe government response to protests?

Accepted Answer

A)  legal rationality 
B)  utilitarian ways and means 
C)  social control 
D)  anomic constraints

Question 14

Kenrick and Sophie are discussing the relative merits of nuclear power in light of the consequences of the tsunami that damaged the nuclear reactor at the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear reactor in Japan. Kenrick defends the overall safety of nuclear energy by pointing out that the damage was caused by a natural disaster as opposed to any human error. Sophie responds by explaining that, according to some sociologists, these kinds of disasters are predictable consequences of the complexity of new technology. How do these sociologists refer to these events?

Accepted Answer

A)  normal accident 
B)  statistical anomaly 
C)  catastrophic outlier 
D)  planned obsolescence

Question 15

The current women's movement is an example of which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  a reform movement 
B)  a frame alignment movement 
C)  a new social movement 
D)  a structural transformation movement

Question 16

Define what is meant by the term risk society. Provide some examples of ongoing and current environmental threats being faced by Canadians and the world.

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Question 17

What are the organizers of a protest movement trying to do when they invite rock, punk, or reggae bands to play at nuclear disarmament rallies or gay liberation festivals?

Accepted Answer

A)  reduce strain 
B)  entertain the members 
C)  attract new members 
D)  realign frames

Question 18

What environmental damage is caused by the accumulation of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere resulting in an increase in the amount of solar radiation entering the Earth's atmosphere while trapping heat in the atmosphere?

Accepted Answer

A)  algae blooms 
B)  global warming 
C)  acid rain 
D)  desertification

Question 19

Heather is angered because people only see the cost of fuel at the pump but not the overall cost to the environment of extracting the fuel, transporting the fuel, and storing the fuel. What is she angry about?

Accepted Answer

A)  environmental costs 
B)  social costs 
C)  market costs 
D)  technological costs

Question 20

Describe the forces that steer the direction and priorities of research and development.

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Exam 13: Technology, the Environment, and Social Movements