Question 1

Matching
-​Tracheoesophageal atresia

Accepted Answer

A) ​Incomplete connection between the esophagus and the stomach in utero,resulting in a shortened esophagus 
B) ​Condition characterized by inflammation or damage to a section of the intestine 
C) Displacement of the intestines up into the lung area due to incomplete formation of the diaphragm in utero 
D) A rare genetic condition of carbohydrate metabolism​ 
E) Infants weighing <1000 grams at birth
F)​Infants weighing <1500 grams at birth
G)​Infants weighing <2500 grams at birth
H)​Abnormally large head size for age and gender
I)Abnormally small head size for age and gender
J)Condition in which electrical nerve transmission in the brain is disrupted,resulting in periods of loss of function
K)Condition in which three copies of chromosome 21 occur​
L)Condition in which the brain is not formed correctly,resulting in neonatal death

Question 2

​When enteral nutrition is expected to be needed long term,generally over 3 months,the _____ feeding method is most often used.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​only the gavage 
B)  ​the gavage or gastronomy 
C)  ​the parenteral or jejunostomy 
D)  ​the gavage or jejunostomy 
E)  ​the gastronomy or jejunostomy

Question 3

​An infant who is unable to swallow and is having gastrointestinal problems should not be given enteral feedings.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

​What percent range of infants and children from birth to 3 years with developmental delay were found to have one or more nutritional risk factors?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​39-50 
B)  ​49-60 
C)  ​59-70 
D)  ​69-80 
E)  ​79-90

Question 5

Matching
-​Extremely low-birthweight infant (ELBW)

Accepted Answer

A) ​Incomplete connection between the esophagus and the stomach in utero,resulting in a shortened esophagus 
B) ​Condition characterized by inflammation or damage to a section of the intestine 
C) Displacement of the intestines up into the lung area due to incomplete formation of the diaphragm in utero 
D) A rare genetic condition of carbohydrate metabolism​ 
E) Infants weighing <1000 grams at birth
F)​Infants weighing <1500 grams at birth
G)​Infants weighing <2500 grams at birth
H)​Abnormally large head size for age and gender
I)Abnormally small head size for age and gender
J)Condition in which electrical nerve transmission in the brain is disrupted,resulting in periods of loss of function
K)Condition in which three copies of chromosome 21 occur​
L)Condition in which the brain is not formed correctly,resulting in neonatal death

Question 6

​What would be the appropriate resource to measure Rebecca's growth velocity?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​a growth chart specifically made for preterm births 
B)  ​a CDC growth chart 
C)  ​catch-up growth charts 
D)  ​a growth chart made for healthy,full-term infants 
E)  ​Growth charts are not appropriate for preterm infants.

Question 7

​Provision of adequate energy and nutrients to the very preterm infant requires _____,followed by slow transition to _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​breastfeeding;parenteral feeding 
B)  ​parenteral feeding;breastfeeding 
C)  ​enteral feeding;parenteral feeding 
D)  ​parenteral feeding;enteral feeding 
E)  ​enteral feeding;breastfeeding

Question 8

​Which nutrition concern is least likely to be associated with infants who have Down syndrome?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​feeding difficulties related to weak muscles in the face and overall 
B)  ​high rate of linear growth 
C)  ​gastrointestinal problems 
D)  ​suboptimal growth rate 
E)  ​excessive energy intake

Question 9

​Which statement best describes body fat storage changes expected in Rebecca?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​Fat stores will decrease in 3 months. 
B)  ​Fat stores will stay the same in 3 months. 
C)  ​Fat stores will increase in 3 months. 
D)  ​Body fat stores will increase immediately. 
E)  ​Body fat stores will decrease immediately.

Question 10

How many calories would the American Academy of Pediatrics initially recommend for a 1.5-kg infant that was born at 33 weeks gestation?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​120 kcal/day 
B)  ​150 kcal/day 
C)  ​180 kcal/day 
D)  ​225 kcal/day 
E)  ​248 kcal/day

Question 11

​The addition of folic acid as a supplement to grains and flours has helped reduce the incidence of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​spina bifida 
B)  ​galactosemia 
C)  ​diaphragmatic hernia 
D)  ​tracheoesophageal atresia 
E)  ​cleft palate

Question 12

A 12-month-old preterm infant born 2 months prematurely should follow feeding recommendations for _____-month-old infants.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​2 
B)  ​3 
C)  ​6 
D)  ​10 
E)  ​12

Question 13

Interventions are required to ensure adequate growth and development when feeding problems are identified in infancy.Which intervention would be least helpful?​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​assessing growth less frequently 
B)  ​monitoring the infant's intake of all liquids and foods to ensure enough is being consumed 
C)  ​changing the frequency and volume of feedings as needed 
D)  ​increasing the nutrient density of foods or fluids 
E)  ​adjusting nutrition goals to the infant's development abilities

Question 14

​Which factor is least likely to be a reason for slower growth rates among infants that have the lung condition bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​higher nutritional requirements 
B)  ​increased muscle mass 
C)  ​changes in endocrine systems 
D)  ​changes in pulmonary systems 
E)  ​interactions between endocrine and pulmonary systems

Question 15

The disadvantage of preterm infant formulas is increased risk of _____.​

Accepted Answer

A)  ​phenylketonuria 
B)  ​necrotizing enterocolitis 
C)  ​Down syndrome 
D)  ​developing obesity later in life 
E)  ​diabetes

Question 16

Nutrient and energy requirements for high-risk infants with health conditions are based on the recommendations for healthy infants.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

​Which feeding choice is recommended for preterm infants?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​formula fortified to meet the infants' nutritional needs 
B)  ​breast milk from a donor bank 
C)  ​preterm breast milk from the mother 
D)  ​a combination of preterm breast milk from the mother and fortified formula 
E)  ​a combination of breast milk from a donor bank and fortified formula

Question 18

Following discharge from the hospital,Rebecca shows signs of fatigue during feeding.The dietitian then recommends a higher-calorie formula.How many calories/ounce would the new formula most likely contain?

Accepted Answer

A)  ​24 
B)  ​30 
C)  ​35 
D)  ​40 
E)  ​45

Question 19

​The brain grows most rapidly during _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  ​the first year 
B)  ​the second year 
C)  ​years 5-8 
D)  ​puberty 
E)  ​adulthood

Question 20

Preterm infants have high metabolic rates.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 9: Infant Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

Matching -Tracheoesophageal atresia

When enteral nutrition is expected to be needed long term,generally over 3 months,the _____ feeding method is most often used.

An infant who is unable to swallow and is having gastrointestinal problems should not be given enteral feedings.

What percent range of infants and children from birth to 3 years with developmental delay were found to have one or more nutritional risk factors?

Matching -Extremely low-birthweight infant (ELBW)

What would be the appropriate resource to measure Rebecca's growth velocity?

Provision of adequate energy and nutrients to the very preterm infant requires _,followed by slow transition to _.

Which nutrition concern is least likely to be associated with infants who have Down syndrome?

Which statement best describes body fat storage changes expected in Rebecca?

How many calories would the American Academy of Pediatrics initially recommend for a 1.5-kg infant that was born at 33 weeks gestation?

The addition of folic acid as a supplement to grains and flours has helped reduce the incidence of _____.

A 12-month-old preterm infant born 2 months prematurely should follow feeding recommendations for _____-month-old infants.

Interventions are required to ensure adequate growth and development when feeding problems are identified in infancy.Which intervention would be least helpful?

Which factor is least likely to be a reason for slower growth rates among infants that have the lung condition bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ?

The disadvantage of preterm infant formulas is increased risk of _____.

Nutrient and energy requirements for high-risk infants with health conditions are based on the recommendations for healthy infants.

Which feeding choice is recommended for preterm infants?

Following discharge from the hospital,Rebecca shows signs of fatigue during feeding.The dietitian then recommends a higher-calorie formula.How many calories/ounce would the new formula most likely contain?

The brain grows most rapidly during _____.

Preterm infants have high metabolic rates.

Exam 9: Infant Nutrition Conditions and Interventions

Matching -​Tracheoesophageal atresia

​When enteral nutrition is expected to be needed long term,generally over 3 months,the _____ feeding method is most often used.

​An infant who is unable to swallow and is having gastrointestinal problems should not be given enteral feedings.

​What percent range of infants and children from birth to 3 years with developmental delay were found to have one or more nutritional risk factors?

Matching -​Extremely low-birthweight infant (ELBW)

​What would be the appropriate resource to measure Rebecca's growth velocity?

​Provision of adequate energy and nutrients to the very preterm infant requires _____,followed by slow transition to _____.

​Which nutrition concern is least likely to be associated with infants who have Down syndrome?

​Which statement best describes body fat storage changes expected in Rebecca?

How many calories would the American Academy of Pediatrics initially recommend for a 1.5-kg infant that was born at 33 weeks gestation?

​The addition of folic acid as a supplement to grains and flours has helped reduce the incidence of _____.

A 12-month-old preterm infant born 2 months prematurely should follow feeding recommendations for _____-month-old infants.

Interventions are required to ensure adequate growth and development when feeding problems are identified in infancy.Which intervention would be least helpful?​

​Which factor is least likely to be a reason for slower growth rates among infants that have the lung condition bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ?

The disadvantage of preterm infant formulas is increased risk of _____.​

Nutrient and energy requirements for high-risk infants with health conditions are based on the recommendations for healthy infants.

​Which feeding choice is recommended for preterm infants?

Following discharge from the hospital,Rebecca shows signs of fatigue during feeding.The dietitian then recommends a higher-calorie formula.How many calories/ounce would the new formula most likely contain?

​The brain grows most rapidly during _____.

Preterm infants have high metabolic rates.

Matching -Tracheoesophageal atresia

When enteral nutrition is expected to be needed long term,generally over 3 months,the _____ feeding method is most often used.

An infant who is unable to swallow and is having gastrointestinal problems should not be given enteral feedings.

What percent range of infants and children from birth to 3 years with developmental delay were found to have one or more nutritional risk factors?

Matching -Extremely low-birthweight infant (ELBW)

What would be the appropriate resource to measure Rebecca's growth velocity?

Provision of adequate energy and nutrients to the very preterm infant requires _,followed by slow transition to _.

Which nutrition concern is least likely to be associated with infants who have Down syndrome?

Which statement best describes body fat storage changes expected in Rebecca?

The addition of folic acid as a supplement to grains and flours has helped reduce the incidence of _____.

Interventions are required to ensure adequate growth and development when feeding problems are identified in infancy.Which intervention would be least helpful?

Which factor is least likely to be a reason for slower growth rates among infants that have the lung condition bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) ?

The disadvantage of preterm infant formulas is increased risk of _____.

Which feeding choice is recommended for preterm infants?

The brain grows most rapidly during _____.