Question 1

According to Damasio (1994), after Elliot suffered damage to a circuit between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala, and his emotional experiences were blocked from consciousness, Elliot's decision making

Accepted Answer

A)   became more rational and efficient
B)   led to a promotion at work
C)   became dysfunctional and unintelligent
D)   stayed relatively the same as before his injury C

Question 2

In general, our biological and psychological stress-response mechanisms are most adaptive for handling

Accepted Answer

A)   chronic stress
B)   psychological stress
C)   acute stress
D)   transient stress C

Question 3

There is strong evidence that a tendency toward happiness is inherited and is related to

Accepted Answer

A)   neuroticism
B)   temperament
C)   attachment style
D)   parenting B

Question 4

Which of the following characteristics of the so-called "Type A" personality is most related to increased risk of heart disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   exaggerated urgency about time
B)   intense ambition
C)   competitiveness
D)   tendency toward hostility and anger

Question 5

In a longitudinal study involving 12,000 healthy male volunteers, those facing chronic work and marital stressors were 30% more likely to die of this disease than men who did not experience chronic stress.

Accepted Answer

A)   coronary heart disease
B)   congestive heart failure
C)   lung cancer
D)   diabetes

Question 6

All of the following are examples of unique stressors experienced by minority groups, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   stereotype threat
B)   own-group conformity pressure
C)   ethnic discrimination
D)   reaction formation

Question 7

Just as specific hormones characterize the experience of fight-or-flight, this hormone is the mechanism governing tend-and-befriend.

Accepted Answer

A)   oxytocin
B)   cortisol
C)   adrenaline
D)   estrogen

Question 8

All of the following statements are consistent with the evolution of the tend-and-befriend response, EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)   Fleeing was not easy for a woman who was pregnant or nursing.
B)   Women spent a good portion of their lives finding mates and competing with each other.
C)   Fighting endangers a woman and also her unborn child or nursing offspring.
D)   Women increase their chances of survival by facilitating social relationships.

Question 9

This form of meditation training, based on Buddhist meditation and psychology, has been shown to activate parts of the brain associated with positive emotion, and to strengthen immune response.

Accepted Answer

A)   Tai Chi
B)   hypnotic suggestion
C)   mindfulness-based stress reduction
D)   yoga-based coping

Question 10

Members of all nationalities, cultures, and both sexes agree on this dimension of ideal affect, that is, we all want to "feel good" rather than "feel bad."

Accepted Answer

A)   valence
B)   activation
C)   arousal
D)   excitement

Question 11

In terms of physiology, the third phase of the GAS, exhaustion, results from the fact that the prolonged stress event has

Accepted Answer

A)   disrupted the metabolism of cortisol
B)   increased the level of oxytocin in the brain
C)   depleted energy stores and compromised homeostasis
D)   depleted psychological resources for coping

Question 12

There are four general theories about how emotions are triggered by activation of the nervous system. Briefly describe all four theories and discuss how none of the theories is necessarily better than any of the others.

Accepted Answer

The answer of There are four general theories about how...

Question 13

Epidemiological studies show that this ethnic group has lower rates of all types of serious mental health problems than European Americans.

Accepted Answer

A)   Asian-Americans
B)   Mexican-Americans
C)   African-Americans
D)   Native Americans

Question 14

Psychoneuroimmunology is a relatively new field that is important for the understanding of stress and coping. Describe one example of a disease that is caused by stress. Then discuss at least one way that people can learn coping strategies for dealing with stress.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Psychoneuroimmunology is a relatively new field that...

Question 15

Paul Ekman eventually discovered that specific facial muscles were involved in creating the expressions of basic emotion, and he has catalogued these muscular configurations into a coding scheme known as the ______________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Paul Ekman eventually discovered that specific facial...

Question 16

Which of the following is the best example of own-group conformity pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Darnell is African American and is often stopped by police for "routine" traffic violations.
B)   Though Jill's teacher was mistaken in telling her that girls aren't supposed to be good at math, Jill's test performance was negatively affected by the comment.
C)   Johnny's parents are Italian immigrants and are disappointed if he dates any women who are not Italian.
D)   Jagdish has just moved to the United States from India and is finding it hard to find a job.

Question 17

When psychologists refer to happiness, they are talking about

Accepted Answer

A)  specific instances of intense joy
B)  the basic emotion of enjoyment
C)   general fulfillment and well-being
D)   the prospect of attaining eternal joy

Question 18

According to this notion, you may be able to push anger around and situate it in various places in your mind, but you cannot get rid of it without expressing it.

Accepted Answer

A)  two-factor theory
B)   hydraulic model of emotion
C)   general aggression model
D)   psychoanalytic release

Question 19

______________________ is the study of the interaction between psychology, the nervous and endocrine systems, and immune systems.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ______________________ is the study of the interaction...

Question 20

The complex and highly variable processes by which we ensure that the demands of potentially stressful situations do not overwhelm our psychological or material resources is called

Accepted Answer

A)   fight-or-flight
B)   coping
C)   pain management
D)   psychosomatosis

Exam 11: Emotion and Health

According to Damasio (1994) , after Elliot suffered damage to a circuit between the prefrontal cortex and the amygdala, and his emotional experiences were blocked from consciousness, Elliot's decision making