Question 1

Nutritional treatment for older overweight or obese persons includes _____.

Accepted Answer

A) healthy,nutrient-dense foods that help promote slow weight loss of fat and preserve muscle 
B) a high-protein,very-low-carbohydrate diet 
C) decreasing sodium intake and increasing whole grains 
D) moderating the amount and modifying the type of fiber eaten 
E) a high-monounsaturated fat,high-protein,low-carbohydrate diet

Question 2

Compared to younger adults,the elderly use proportionately more health care services.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 3

The FIRST remedy advised for osteoarthritis is:

Accepted Answer

A) weight loss if overweight. 
B) an anti-inflammatory eating pattern. 
C) chondroitin and glucosamine supplements to relieve inflammation. 
D) gamma-linolenic acid supplements to help reduce pain and stiffness. 
E) All of the above should be used in combination.

Question 4

All of the following are stages of the grieving process EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) shock and denial. 
B) organization. 
C) guilt. 
D) loss and loneliness. 
E) All of the above are stages of the grieving process.

Question 5

The only chronic condition that has higher prevalence in older adults than arthritis is:

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes. 
B) hypertension. 
C) cancer. 
D) stroke. 
E) osteoporosis.

Question 6

Which of the following behaviors exacerbates GERD?

Accepted Answer

A) Drinking alcohol in excess 
B) Drinking regular or decaffeinated coffee 
C) Drinking apple juice 
D) Smoking 
E) a,b,and d

Question 7

Sarcopenia means:

Accepted Answer

A) lack of appetite. 
B) loss of muscle associated with aging. 
C) weight below the 5th percentile for age. 
D) loss of fat mass due to illness. 
E) loss of saliva.

Question 8

The main symptoms of GERD include:

Accepted Answer

A) heartburn. 
B) acid regurgitation. 
C) bloating and cramping. 
D) All of the above 
E) a and b only

Question 9

A deficiency in vitamin B₁₂ may lead to:

Accepted Answer

A) irreversible neurological damage. 
B) cognitive impairment. 
C) constipation. 
D) a and b 
E) b and c

Question 10

Increased methylmalonic acid blood levels in the elderly are always related to vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Use the following information to answer questions.
A 75-year-old female reports having lost 20 pounds in the last 3 months and now weighs 100 pounds;she is 5'3".She is complaining that food has lost its taste,and when she does eat,she develops severe heartburn.She is now in your office for assessment.Her daily intake is ~1000 Calories with 35 g of protein.
 
-What other suggestions could you give her to help prevent weight loss and increase protein in her diet?

Accepted Answer

A) Eat more calories throughout day 
B) Exercise to help build muscle mass 
C) Try a protein and energy supplement 
D) Avoid foods that irritate you 
E) All of the above

Question 12

Diabetes leads to a tenfold greater risk of all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) amputations. 
B) neuropathies. 
C) macular degeneration. 
D) cataracts. 
E) elevated blood lipids.

Question 13

Match between columns
                        Premises: Dysgeusia
Xerostomia
Candidiasis
Kyphosis
GERD
Glossodynia
Diverticulitis
Osteoblasts
LES
Thrombus

Accepted Answer

The Answer of Blood clot and Cells that build bone is...

Question 14

Use the following information to answer questions.
A 75-year-old female reports having lost 20 pounds in the last 3 months and now weighs 100 pounds;she is 5'3".She is complaining that food has lost its taste,and when she does eat,she develops severe heartburn.She is now in your office for assessment.Her daily intake is ~1000 Calories with 35 g of protein.
 
-How does her intake compare to her estimated protein needs?

Accepted Answer

A) It is low;based on her current weight,she should be consuming at least 100 g per day. 
B) It is high;based on her current weight,she should be consuming at least 25 g per day. 
C) It is low;based on her current weight,she should be consuming between 45 and 70 g per day. 
D) It is adequate to meet her needs based on her current weight and Calorie intake.

Question 15

Studies have linked the use of aluminum pans to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Tight control of blood sugars by maintaining glycosylated hemoglobin below _____ can lead to better quality of life for the older person with diabetes and result in fewer long-term complications.

Accepted Answer

A) 3% 
B) 7% 
C) 11% 
D) 19% 
E) 23%

Question 17

The majority of older Americans have one or more chronic diseases.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in old age remain the same as in younger adults and include all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A) diabetes. 
B) hypertension. 
C) elevated HDL cholesterol. 
D) race. 
E) elevated LDL cholesterol.

Question 19

Blood-thinning medications may warrant keeping the amount of vitamin K consumed at a constant level.Which of the following foods would NOT be a good source of vitamin K?

Accepted Answer

A) Prunes or dried plums 
B) Kale 
C) Spinach 
D) Broccoli 
E) All of these foods are good sources of vitamin K

Question 20

How is nutritional status affected when an older adult has a stroke?

Accepted Answer

A) The ability to swallow may be lost. 
B) The ability to chew may be altered. 
C) Self-feeding may need to be relearned. 
D) All of the above 
E) a and b only

Exam 19: Nutrition and Older Adults: Conditions and Interventions

Nutritional treatment for older overweight or obese persons includes _____.

Compared to younger adults,the elderly use proportionately more health care services.

The FIRST remedy advised for osteoarthritis is:

All of the following are stages of the grieving process EXCEPT:

The only chronic condition that has higher prevalence in older adults than arthritis is:

Which of the following behaviors exacerbates GERD?

Sarcopenia means:

The main symptoms of GERD include:

A deficiency in vitamin B₁₂ may lead to:

Increased methylmalonic acid blood levels in the elderly are always related to vitamin B₁₂ deficiency.

Diabetes leads to a tenfold greater risk of all of the following EXCEPT:

Matching

Studies have linked the use of aluminum pans to the development of Alzheimer's disease.

Tight control of blood sugars by maintaining glycosylated hemoglobin below _____ can lead to better quality of life for the older person with diabetes and result in fewer long-term complications.

The majority of older Americans have one or more chronic diseases.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease in old age remain the same as in younger adults and include all of the following EXCEPT:

Blood-thinning medications may warrant keeping the amount of vitamin K consumed at a constant level.Which of the following foods would NOT be a good source of vitamin K?

How is nutritional status affected when an older adult has a stroke?