Question 1

Which areas of the body is/are protected by normal flora?

Accepted Answer

A)   Skin
B)   Bladder
C)   Lower gastrointestinal (GI)  tract
D)   Nose and throat
E)   Eye A,C,D,E

Question 2

The nurse explains that exposure to a pathogen stimulates the macrophages to migrate to the area of infection to ingest and destroy the pathogen.This statement describes which process?

Accepted Answer

A)   Pathogen neutralization
B)   Immune response
C)   Antibody action
D)   Phagocytosis D

Question 3

The nurse is caring for a patient with general sepsis.Which finding should first alert the nurse to a potential complication that warrants immediate attention?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased lethargy
B)   Sudden coughing
C)   Elevated blood pressure
D)   Cloudy urine A

Question 4

The patient complains of the unsightly swelling of her lip at the site of an infection.The nurse explains that the swelling is part of the inflammatory response and performs which action?

Accepted Answer

A)   Stores blood
B)   Acts as a compression wall
C)   Provides an antibody reservoir
D)   Produces leukocytes

Question 5

The nurse is caring for several patients and determines which patient to be most at risk for developing an infection related to a decreased anti-inflammatory response?

Accepted Answer

A)   A patient who has been experiencing high levels of stress for the last 3 months.
B)   A patient with a glycosylated Hgb level of 6.7%.
C)   A patient with osteoarthritis who was recently diagnosed.
D)   A patient who is scheduled for laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 2 weeks related to gallstones.

Question 6

The nurse is planning care for a patient and determines that Expanded Precautions are warranted when performing care for a patient with which infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   Active tuberculosis (T
B)  
B)   Bacterial pneumonia
C)   A urinary tract infection (UTI)  caused by E. coli
D)   A fungal infection of the groin and axilla

Question 7

The nurse explains that an infection occurring in the body represents an interrelationship between the __________,__________,and __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that an infection occurring...

Question 8

The nurse uses a visual aid to demonstrate how which antibody attaches to the antigen to clear the pathogen from the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgA
B)   IgD
C)   IgG
D)   IgM

Question 9

The nurse who suffers an accidental needle stick following administration of an intramuscular injection to a patient anticipates that facility protocol will suggest immediate treatment with which type of immunotherapy?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgM
B)   IgD
C)   Ig A
D)   IgG

Question 10

The nurse is providing infection control teaching to a patient.Which patient statement warrants additional patient teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   "It is important that I get my whooping cough vaccination as directed by my health care provider."
B)   "Getting plenty of sleep each night will help my immune system."
C)   "I should wash my hands before preparing my food."
D)   "It is important that I take my antibiotic until my symptoms have completely resolved."

Question 11

The nurse is teaching a patient about infection prevention.The nurse points out that covering the mouth and nose with a tissue for a sneeze reduces the probability of infection spreading by which route?

Accepted Answer

A)   Droplet
B)   Airborne
C)   Direct contact
D)   Indirect contact

Question 12

While assessing an obese resident in a long-term care facility,the nurse finds a red,moist rash under the patient's breasts,in the axilla,and in the inguinal fold.Based on this assessment,the nurse reports to the charge nurse that the resident probably has which type of infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   A fungal infection
B)   A bacterial infection
C)   An allergic reaction
D)   Contact dermatitis

Question 13

The nurse is obtaining a health history on a newly admitted patient.Which information alerts the nurse that the patient is at increased risk for developing an infection?

Accepted Answer

A)   The patient reports having unprotected heterosexual sex in three previous relationships.
B)   The patient is employed as a biochemist in a hospital.
C)   The patient's income is considered middle-class level.
D)   The patient reports getting 4 to 5 hours of sleep per night.
E)   The patient is 21% over the suggested normal weight.

Question 14

A frustrated patient with a fungal infection complains,"Why is the infection taking so long to heal?" Which response is most appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Fungal infections are essentially incurable."
B)   "Fungi form spores, which make them difficult to kill."
C)   "Fungi can be considered natural flora and are protected by the body."
D)   "Fungi can alter the patient's DNA and RNA."

Question 15

The nurse instructs the nursing assistant in a long-term care facility regarding infection control measures.Which action(s)demonstrate(s)that the nursing assistant understands the nurse's teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   Assisting residents with hand hygiene before meals.
B)   Cleaning incontinent residents as soon as possible.
C)   Administering prescribed antibiotics during meals to residents who require assistance with feeding.
D)   Inspecting residents' skin for open areas during bathing.
E)   Assisting residents with hand hygiene after participating in group activities.

Question 16

To which entity should the home health nurse make a referral in order to supply a home-bound older adult with a daily meal?

Accepted Answer

A)   A community food bank
B)   The Salvation Army
C)   An agency supplying food stamps
D)   Meals on Wheels

Question 17

The nurse is providing infection control teaching to a group of patients.Which statement demonstrates that the patient understands the nurse's teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I should take an antibiotic at the first sign of an infection."
B)   "Hand hygiene is one of the most effective ways I can prevent the spread of infection."
C)   "Vaccinations only prevent a disease from becoming severe."
D)   "If I eat a nutritious diet, it will be difficult for me to get an infection."

Question 18

The nurse explains that the four lines of defense the body employs to combat infection are inflammatory response,immune response,__________,and __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse explains that the four lines...

Question 19

The nurse provides discharge teaching about antibiotic therapy.Which statement indicates that the patient requires additional teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I should wait 3 days after my symptoms resolve before stopping my antibiotic."
B)   "I should try to take my medication as evenly spaced apart as possible."
C)   "If I start feeling worse, I should call my health care provider."
D)   "I should not share my medication with anyone."

Question 20

The nurse discusses and demonstrates proper hand hygiene to an immunocompromised patient and his wife.Which statement indicates a need for additional teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)   "It is okay for my wife to wear artificial nails as long as she washes her hands properly."
B)   "I should always wash my hands before I eat."
C)   "Hand gels work as well as handwashing under most circumstances."
D)   "I should use friction and wash my hands for about 20 seconds if I am using soap and water."

Exam 6: Infection Prevention and Control