Question 1

A researcher formed the following hypothesis: "Good children receive more positive attention from their parents than bad children".The main problem with this hypothesis is:

Accepted Answer

A)  The hypothesis is too specific. 
B)  The hypothesis does not define the sample of interest. 
C)  'Good children' and 'bad children' are too vague and abstract. 
D)  There is no problem with the hypothesis.

Question 2

Describe the primary responsibilities of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)? When would an IRB deem it acceptable for researchers to use deception in their studies?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the primary responsibilities of an Institutional...

Question 3

Researches who wish to conduct studies are NOT required to do which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide participants with information about the risks and benefits to participating in the study. 
B)  Provide participants with a full explanation of the hypothesis being tested following the experiment. 
C)  Provide participants with information about the exact hypothesis before the study begins so that subjects can make an informed decision about whether they want to participate. 
D)  Provide sufficient detail before the study begins so that subjects can make an informed decision about whether they want to participate.

Question 4

Experimental methods do not allow researchers to identify causes of behaviors and events.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

Briefly outline the steps involved in the research process.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Briefly outline the steps involved in the...

Question 6

In an attempt to determine whether noise interferes with performance,Marc randomly assigns participants to take a math test either while listening to loud music or in silence.In this study,performance is considered the:

Accepted Answer

A)  independent variable 
B)  predictor 
C)  dependent variable 
D)  the control group

Question 7

Luri decides to conduct a study to examine whether pre-school boys and girls spend more time talking to same-sex or opposite sex children.In this example,preschool children represents_____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the variable 
B)  the hypothesis 
C)  the population 
D)  the sample

Question 8

In an experimental research design,the group that does not receive the main treatment,and is used for comparison to the treatment group is called ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  the experimental group 
B)  the control group 
C)  the research group 
D)  the manipulated group

Question 9

Participant bias occurs when the researcher subconsciously shows bias in his/her evaluation of the results in order to reach a desired conclusion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

Name the three basic ethical principles outline by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.Pick two of the three ethical principles and provide a brief explanation of each one.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Name the three basic ethical principles outline...

Question 11

According to your text,what type of study is considered the 'gold standard' in research because it offers the least threat of bias from participants or the experimenter?

Accepted Answer

A)  a observational study 
B)  a field experiment 
C)  a single-blind study 
D)  a double-blind study

Question 12

An experimenter who decides not to tell participants whether they are receiving a treatment pill or a sugar pill is conducting a double-blind study.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

You want to conduct an experiment but you are concerned with being able to apply your findings to the general population.You would be more likely to conduct what type of study in this situation?

Accepted Answer

A)  Naturalistic observation 
B)  Correlational study 
C)  Lab experiment 
D)  Field experiment

Question 14

A different factor that could be responsible for an observed effect between two other variables is defined as _____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  a matched sample 
B)  a third variable 
C)  the directionality problem 
D)  both a third variable and the directionality problem

Question 15

Laurie hypothesizes that women will be more likely than men to hold a door open for others.She decides to watch people coming in and out of a local coffee shop,recording the sex of each individual who holds the door open for another person.Laurie is conducting what type of research?

Accepted Answer

A)  Experimental research 
B)  Naturalistic observation 
C)  Archival research 
D)  Correlational research

Question 16

Which adage best illustrates the concept of hindsight bias?

Accepted Answer

A)  The early bird gets the worm. 
B)  Hindsight is 20/20. 
C)  Birds of a feather flock together. 
D)  You can't teach an old dog new tricks.

Question 17

Daniel conducts a study looking at the relationship between exercise and depression and finds there is a negative correlation.Daniel concludes that exercise causes people to become less depressed.However,a colleague points out the possibility that less depressed people may simply be more likely to exercise.This represents a problem in interpreting correlations best known as ____________.

Accepted Answer

A)  The problem of direction 
B)  The third variable problem 
C)  Experimenter bias 
D)  Confounding

Question 18

A measureable improvement that is found in a participant that cannot be attributed to any treatment given by the experimenter is known as ___________

Accepted Answer

A)  the placebo effect 
B)  participant bias 
C)  error 
D)  confounding

Question 19

In some cases it has been found that a sugar pill produces the same result as an active treatment pill.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Compare and contrast internal and external validity.In an experimental design,can both internal and external validity be maximized at the same time? Why or why not?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compare and contrast internal and external validity.In...

Exam 2: The Science of Social Psychology

A researcher formed the following hypothesis: "Good children receive more positive attention from their parents than bad children".The main problem with this hypothesis is:

Describe the primary responsibilities of an Institutional Review Board (IRB)? When would an IRB deem it acceptable for researchers to use deception in their studies?

Researches who wish to conduct studies are NOT required to do which of the following?

Experimental methods do not allow researchers to identify causes of behaviors and events.

Briefly outline the steps involved in the research process.

In an attempt to determine whether noise interferes with performance,Marc randomly assigns participants to take a math test either while listening to loud music or in silence.In this study,performance is considered the:

Luri decides to conduct a study to examine whether pre-school boys and girls spend more time talking to same-sex or opposite sex children.In this example,preschool children represents_____________.

In an experimental research design,the group that does not receive the main treatment,and is used for comparison to the treatment group is called ____________.

Participant bias occurs when the researcher subconsciously shows bias in his/her evaluation of the results in order to reach a desired conclusion.

Name the three basic ethical principles outline by the National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research.Pick two of the three ethical principles and provide a brief explanation of each one.

According to your text,what type of study is considered the 'gold standard' in research because it offers the least threat of bias from participants or the experimenter?

An experimenter who decides not to tell participants whether they are receiving a treatment pill or a sugar pill is conducting a double-blind study.

You want to conduct an experiment but you are concerned with being able to apply your findings to the general population.You would be more likely to conduct what type of study in this situation?

A different factor that could be responsible for an observed effect between two other variables is defined as _____________.

Laurie hypothesizes that women will be more likely than men to hold a door open for others.She decides to watch people coming in and out of a local coffee shop,recording the sex of each individual who holds the door open for another person.Laurie is conducting what type of research?

Which adage best illustrates the concept of hindsight bias?

A measureable improvement that is found in a participant that cannot be attributed to any treatment given by the experimenter is known as ___________

In some cases it has been found that a sugar pill produces the same result as an active treatment pill.

Compare and contrast internal and external validity.In an experimental design,can both internal and external validity be maximized at the same time? Why or why not?