A 4-Year-Old Boy Is Brought to the Physician Because of a Progressive

A 4-year-old boy is brought to the physician because of a progressive headache and neck pain for 2 weeks. During this period, he has had multiple episodes of dizziness and tingling sensations in his arms and hands. His neck is supple. Neurological examination shows gait ataxia. Brain imaging shows caudal displacement of cerebellar tonsils. Which of the following is the most likely cause of this patient's condition?

A) Autoimmune disease
B) Congenital malformation
C) Germline mutation
D) Neoplastic disease
E) Sequelae of prior trauma
F) Vascular disease

Correct Answer:

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