Question 1

A male client with hypertension was prescribed amlodipine.  Which of these adverse effects is most important to teach the client to watch for?

Accepted Answer

A) Erectile dysfunction 
B) Dizziness 
C) Dry cough 
D) Leg edema

Question 2

A client has just been prescribed allopurinol for chronic gout.  Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize to the client?

Accepted Answer

A) Report for periodic laboratory tests for kidney, liver, and blood functions 
B) Store the medication in a cool, dry place away from direct heat and light 
C) Take the medication after a meal to prevent gastric distress 
D) Take the medication with a full glass of water and increase fluids during the day

Question 3

The nurse teaches a client about the use of regular and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin.  Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is needed?

Accepted Answer

A) "I will always check my blood glucose prior to using the sliding scale." 
B) "I will eat breakfast 30 minutes after taking my morning NPH and regular insulin." 
C) "I will use a new insulin syringe each time I give myself an injection." 
D) "I will use the sliding scale to determine my NPH dose 4 times a day."

Question 4

A client with obesity has just started taking orlistat.  Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A) "I have started taking a daily multivitamin with my dinner-time dose of medication." 
B) "I may have oily stools and fecal incontinence when taking this medication." 
C) "I will consume a low-fat diet in which no more than 30% of my calories are from fat." 
D) "I will take my medication with, or within 1 hour of, meals that contain fat."

Question 5

The nurse performs medication reconciliation for a 94-year-old client who has type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, and heart failure caused by a previous myocardial infarction.  Due to risks outweighing benefits, the nurse plans to talk with the health care provider about discontinuing which medication?

Accepted Answer

A) Aspirin 81 mg PO once a day 
B) Furosemide 40 mg PO once a day 
C) Glyburide 10 mg PO once a day 
D) Levothyroxine 50 mcg PO once a day

Question 6

A client has been on long-term therapy with esomeprazole.  What is essential for the nurse to ask the client?

Accepted Answer

A) "Are you drinking plenty of water with the medication?" 
B) "Are you taking the medication after meals?" 
C) "Have you had a bone density test recently?" 
D) "Have you had your blood pressure taken regularly?"

Question 7

The nurse assesses a client who is receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis.  Which statement by the client is most concerning?

Accepted Answer

A) "I am nauseated and vomited three times today." 
B) "I drink four large cups of coffee every day." 
C) "I have small, purple spots all over my skin." 
D) "I plan to stop taking birth control today."

Question 8

The nurse is preparing medication for 4 clients on a respiratory medical-surgical unit.  Which situation would prompt the nurse to clarify the prescribed treatment with the health care provider?

Accepted Answer

A) Client with bronchospasm who is due to receive nebulized acetylcysteine 
B) Client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease due to receive PO prednisone 
C) Client with cystic fibrosis who is due to receive PO pancrelipase with breakfast 
D) Client with suspected bacterial pneumonia due to receive IV levofloxacin

Question 9

A client with uncontrolled hypertension is prescribed clonidine.  What instruction is most important for the clinic nurse to give this client?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid consuming high-sodium foods 
B) Change positions slowly to prevent dizziness 
C) Don't stop taking this medication abruptly 
D) Use an oral moisturizer to relieve dry mouth

Question 10

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new prescription for warfarin.  The nurse should instruct the client to avoid excess or inconsistent intake of which foods?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Bananas 
B) Broccoli 
C) Liver 
D) Oranges 
E) Spinach

Question 11

The registered nurse supervises a student nurse who is caring for a client newly prescribed lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder.  Which action by the student indicates a need for further teaching?

Accepted Answer

A) Advises the client to drink 2-3 liters of water each day 
B) Instructs the client to limit intake of cola, tea, coffee, and alcohol 
C) Shows the client how to carefully check food labels to follow a low-sodium diet 
D) Teaches the client that it may take up to several weeks for the drug to be effective

Question 12

The nurse is teaching a client with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was prescribed oral theophylline.  Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is required?

Accepted Answer

A) "I need to avoid caffeinated products." 
B) "I need to get my blood drug levels checked periodically." 
C) "I need to report anorexia and sleeplessness." 
D) "I take cimetidine rather than omeprazole for heartburn."

Question 13

A client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia is given a prescription of carbamazepine by the health care provider.  Which intervention does the nurse add to this client's care plan?

Accepted Answer

A) Encourage client to drink cold beverages 
B) Encourage client to eat a high-fiber diet 
C) Encourage client to perform facial massage 
D) Encourage client to report any fever or sore throat

Question 14

The nurse admits a client with newly diagnosed unstable angina.  Which information obtained during the admission health history is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider (HCP) immediately?

Accepted Answer

A) Drinks 6 cans of beers on the weekend 
B) Gets up 4 times during the night to void 
C) Smokes 1 pack of cigarettes daily 
D) Uses sildenafil occasionally

Question 15

The nurse plans teaching for a client who was newly prescribed levothyroxine sodium after thyroid removal.  Which instructions will the nurse include in the teaching plan?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Drowsiness is a common side effect; taking the dose at bedtime will make this less noticeable 
B) Notify the health care provider if you become pregnant as the medication is harmful to the fetus 
C) Notify the health care provider if you feel a fluttering or rapid heartbeat 
D) Take the medication with a meal to prevent stomach upset 
E) You will need to take this medication for the rest of your life

Question 16

The nurse is caring for a client with asthma exacerbation.  Blood pressure is 146/86 mm Hg, pulse is 110/min, and respirations are 32/min.  The respiratory therapist administers nebulized albuterol as prescribed.  One hour after the treatment, the nurse assesses which finding that indicates the drug is producing the therapeutic effect?

Accepted Answer

A) Constricted pupils 
B) Heart rate of 120/min 
C) Respirations of 24/min 
D) Tremor

Question 17

A nurse is discharging a client who is receiving lithium for treatment of a bipolar disorder.  It is most important for the nurse to provide which instruction to the client?

Accepted Answer

A) Avoid a high-potassium diet 
B) Exercise regularly and maintain a high-fiber diet 
C) Maintain oral hygiene 
D) Report excessive urination and increased thirst

Question 18

The health care provider prescribes amoxicillin/clavulanate (liquid) twice a day for a child with acute sinusitis.  What instructions are most important for the parents?  Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Administer it with food if nausea or diarrhea develops 
B) Complete the medication course even if the child is better 
C) Expect a rash, which is normal, as a side effect 
D) Shake the medicine well before use 
E) Use a household spoon to measure the dose

Question 19

A nurse is assessing a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who was recently started on pioglitazone.  Which client data obtained by the nurse is most important to bring to the attention of the health care provider?

Accepted Answer

A) Bilateral pitting edema in ankles 
B) Blood pressure is 140/88 mm Hg 
C) Most recent HbA1c is 6.7% 
D) Retinal photocoagulation in right eye

Question 20

The client is brought to the emergency department in handcuffs by the police.  Witnesses said that the client became violent and confused after consuming large amounts of alcohol at a party.  The client is placed in 4-point restraints, and ziprasidone hydrochloride is administered.  The client is sleeping 30 minutes later.  What is a priority action for the nurse at this time?

Accepted Answer

A) Check for a history of bipolar disease 
B) Determine if restraints can now be removed 
C) Monitor for widened QT intervals and hypotension 
D) Obtain blood for the current blood alcohol level

Exam 8: Pharmacology

A male client with hypertension was prescribed amlodipine. Which of these adverse effects is most important to teach the client to watch for?

A client has just been prescribed allopurinol for chronic gout. Which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize to the client?

The nurse teaches a client about the use of regular and neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin. Which statement by the client indicates that further teaching is needed?

A client with obesity has just started taking orlistat. Which statement by the client indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse performs medication reconciliation for a 94-year-old client who has type 2 diabetes, hypothyroidism, and heart failure caused by a previous myocardial infarction. Due to risks outweighing benefits, the nurse plans to talk with the health care provider about discontinuing which medication?

A client has been on long-term therapy with esomeprazole. What is essential for the nurse to ask the client?

The nurse assesses a client who is receiving methotrexate for rheumatoid arthritis. Which statement by the client is most concerning?

The nurse is preparing medication for 4 clients on a respiratory medical-surgical unit. Which situation would prompt the nurse to clarify the prescribed treatment with the health care provider?

A client with uncontrolled hypertension is prescribed clonidine. What instruction is most important for the clinic nurse to give this client?

The nurse is providing discharge teaching to a client with a new prescription for warfarin. The nurse should instruct the client to avoid excess or inconsistent intake of which foods? Select all that apply.

The registered nurse supervises a student nurse who is caring for a client newly prescribed lithium for the treatment of bipolar disorder. Which action by the student indicates a need for further teaching?

The nurse is teaching a client with advanced chronic obstructive pulmonary disease who was prescribed oral theophylline. Which client statement indicates that additional teaching is required?

A client diagnosed with trigeminal neuralgia is given a prescription of carbamazepine by the health care provider. Which intervention does the nurse add to this client's care plan?

The nurse admits a client with newly diagnosed unstable angina. Which information obtained during the admission health history is most important for the nurse to report to the health care provider (HCP) immediately?

The nurse plans teaching for a client who was newly prescribed levothyroxine sodium after thyroid removal. Which instructions will the nurse include in the teaching plan? Select all that apply.

A nurse is discharging a client who is receiving lithium for treatment of a bipolar disorder. It is most important for the nurse to provide which instruction to the client?

The health care provider prescribes amoxicillin/clavulanate (liquid) twice a day for a child with acute sinusitis. What instructions are most important for the parents? Select all that apply.

A nurse is assessing a client with type 2 diabetes mellitus who was recently started on pioglitazone. Which client data obtained by the nurse is most important to bring to the attention of the health care provider?