Passage Ultrasound Is a Technique That Uses the Propagation Properties of of High-Frequency

Passage
Ultrasound is a technique that uses the propagation properties of high-frequency sound waves to construct images of internal organs or to measure blood flow velocity.  The shape and position of internal organs are resolved by measuring the return time of reflected ultrasound waves.  Similarly, blood flow velocity is resolved by measuring the Doppler shift of reflected ultrasound waves.  An ultrasound device consists of an array of piezoelectric crystals and an acoustic lens.  The piezoelectric crystals generate sound when an alternating voltage is applied, and the acoustic lens increases the transmission efficiency from the device to the body by reducing sound reflection at the skin.Ultrasound is performed using frequencies in the range of 2-15 MHz.  The lower ultrasound frequencies are used for deep abdomen and obstetric/gynecological imaging due to their greater penetrating ability.  The higher ultrasound frequencies have less penetrating ability but provide higher resolution, and therefore are used for blood flow measurements and the imaging of more superficial structures.  Detailed ultrasound penetration data is shown in Figure 1.
Figure 1  Penetration in soft tissue for three different ultrasound frequenciesSound waves propagate through soft tissue at an average speed of 1,500 m/s and through blood at 1,570 m/s.
-Piezoelectric crystals likely create sound by:

A) rapidly expanding and contracting.
B) emitting high-energy photons.
C) generating heat waves.
D) sending pulses of electricity.

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