Question 1

What is the best response to a parent of a 2-month-old infant who asks when the infant should first receive the measles vaccine?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Your baby can get the measles vaccine now."
B)   "The first dose is given any time after the first birthday."
C)   "She should be vaccinated between 4 and 6 years of age."
D)   "This vaccine is administered when the child is 11 years old." B

Question 2

How should the nurse respond to a parent who asks,"How can I protect my baby from whooping cough?"

Accepted Answer

A)   "Don't worry; your baby will have maternal immunity to pertussis that will last until they are approximately 18 months old."
B)   "Make sure your child gets the pertussis vaccine."
C)   "See the doctor when the baby gets a respiratory infection."
D)   "Have your pediatrician prescribe erythromycin." B

Question 3

Human cytomegalovirus (CMV)infection is a common cause of congenital infection and is the leading cause of hearing loss and intellectual disability in the United States.The neonate may be infected during the prenatal,perinatal,or postnatal period.Only infections acquired in utero cause permanent infection.Is this statement true or false?

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 4

What discharge information should the nurse give to the parents of a male adolescent who has been diagnosed with the Epstein-Barr virus?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is particularly important to protect the adolescent's head during physical activities.
B)   The teen will feel like himself and be back to his usual routines in a week.
C)   The treatment of the Epstein-Barr virus is prolonged bed rest, usually lasting several months.
D)   Fatigue may persist, and the adolescent may need to increase school activities gradually.

Question 5

What should the nurse expect to observe in the prodromal phase of rubeola?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macular rash on the face
B)   Koplik spots
C)   Petechiae on the soft palate
D)   Crops of vesicles on the trunk

Question 6

What should be included in health teaching to prevent Lyme disease?

Accepted Answer

A)   Complete the immunization series in early infancy.
B)   Wear long sleeves and pants tucked into socks while in wooded areas.
C)   Give low-dose antibiotics to the child before exposure.
D)   Restrict activities that might lead to exposure for the child.

Question 7

What should be included in the care for a neonate who was diagnosed with pertussis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Monitoring hemoglobin level
B)   Hearing test before discharge
C)   Serial platelet counts
D)   Treatment of all close contacts with a prophylactic antibiotic

Question 8

Which STD should the nurse suspect when an adolescent girl comes to the clinic because she has a vaginal discharge that is white with a fishy smell?

Accepted Answer

A)   Human papillomavirus
B)   Bacterial vaginosis
C)   Trichomonas
D)   Chlamydia

Question 9

Which statement made by a parent indicates incorrect information about intervention for a child's fever?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I should keep her covered lightly when she has a fever."
B)   "I'll give her plenty of liquids to keep her hydrated."
C)   "I can give her acetaminophen for a fever."
D)   "I'll look for over-the-counter preparations that contain aspirin."

Question 10

It is late winter when a 7-year-old child reports to the school nurse with fever,headache,myalgia,and glandular swelling.After assessment the nurse's preliminary diagnosis includes the viral infection most commonly known as ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of It is late winter when a 7-year-old...

Question 11

Which intervention is appropriate for a hospitalized child who has crops of lesions on the trunk that appear as a macular rash and vesicles?

Accepted Answer

A)   Place the child in strict isolation; airborne and contact precautions.
B)   Continue to practice Standard Precautions.
C)   Pregnant women should avoid contact with the child.
D)   Screen visitors for immunity to measles.

Question 12

A nurse is conducting a health education class for a group of school-age children.Which statement made by the nurse is correct about the body's first line of defense against infection in the innate immune system?

Accepted Answer

A)   Nutritional status
B)   Skin integrity
C)   Immunization status
D)   Proper hygiene practices

Question 13

The mother of an infant with multiple anomalies tells the nurse that she had a viral infection in the beginning of her pregnancy.Which viral infection is associated with fetal anomalies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Measles
B)   Roseola
C)   Rubella
D)   Herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 14

A child taking oral corticosteroids for asthma is exposed to varicella.The child has not had the varicella vaccine and has never had the disease.What intervention should be taken to prevent varicella from developing?

Accepted Answer

A)   No intervention is needed unless varicella develops.
B)   Administer the varicella vaccine as soon as possible.
C)   The child should begin a course of oral antibiotics.
D)   The child should be prescribed acyclovir.

Question 15

A parent asks the nurse how she will know whether her child has fifth disease.The nurse should advise the parent to be alert for which manifestation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bull's-eye rash at the site of a tick bite
B)   Lesions in various stages of development on the trunk
C)   Maculopapular rash on the trunk that lasts for 2 days
D)   Bright red rash on the cheeks that looks like slapped cheeks

Question 16

The nurse should provide which information to parents about the prevention of parasitic infections? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Perform good handwashing.
B)   Diaper a child when swimming.
C)   Avoid cleaning the bathroom facilities with bleach.
D)   Shoes should be worn outside.
E)   Fruits and vegetables should be washed before eating.

Question 17

A preschooler is diagnosed with helminthes.The child's mother is very upset and wants to know how her child could have contracted this illness.After obtaining a detailed history,the nurse identifies all possible transmission modes.Select all modes that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Playing in the backyard sandbox
B)   Not washing hands before eating
C)   Placing hands in the mouth and nail biting
D)   Skin-to-skin contact with other children
E)   Scratches from a neighborhood cat

Question 18

Which action is initiated when a child has been scratched by a rabid animal?

Accepted Answer

A)   No intervention unless the child becomes symptomatic
B)   Administration of immune globulin around the wound
C)   Administration of rabies vaccine on days 3, 7, 14, and 28
D)   Administration of both immune globulin and vaccine as soon as possible after exposure

Question 19

A hospitalized child has developed a methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)infection.The nurse plans which interventions when caring for this child? Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A)   Airborne isolation
B)   Administration of vancomycin (Vancocin) 
C)   Contact isolation
D)   Administration of mupirocin (Bactroban)  ointment to the nares
E)   Administration of cefotaxime (Cefotetan)

Question 20

Which statement indicates that a father understands the treatment for his child who has scarlet fever?

Accepted Answer

A)   "I can stop the medicine when my child feels better."
B)   "I will apply antibiotic cream to her rash twice a day."
C)   "I will give the penicillin for the full 10 days."
D)   "My child can go back to school when she has been on the antibiotic for a week."

Exam 41: The Child With an Infectious Disease