A 1-Month-Old Boy Is Brought to the Office on a Hot

A 1-month-old boy is brought to the office on a hot summer day due to vomiting and excessive sleepiness.  He had been exclusively breastfeeding with normal feeding patterns until this afternoon, when he had 2 episodes of emesis and appeared much sleepier than usual.  The infant was born at 41 weeks gestation after an unremarkable pregnancy.  Newborn screening was positive for a homozygous ΔF508 mutation affecting an epithelial transmembrane protein; further confirmatory testing is pending.  Physical examination shows a somnolent boy with a sunken fontanelle and dry mucous membranes.  Which of the following electrolyte disturbances is most likely responsible for this patient's current symptoms?

A) Hyperchloremia
B) Hyperkalemia
C) Hypernatremia
D) Hypomagnesemia
E) Hyponatremia

Correct Answer:

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