Question 1

The Certified Nursing Assistant (CNA) caring for an older adult asks if the yellow, waxy, crusty lesions on the patient's axilla and groin are contagious. Which response shows the nurse's understanding for the cause of the lesions?

Accepted Answer

A)  "Yes. It is cellulitis caused by bacteria." 
B)  "No. It is seborrheic dermatitis caused by excessive sebum." 
C)  "Yes. It is an indication of scabies." 
D)  "No. It is the lesion seen with basal cell carcinoma."

Question 2

The 75-year-old resident in a long-term care facility complains of muscle pain while riding a stationary bicycle. The nurse explains that the discomfort is related to the buildup of __________ __________ in the muscle.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The 75-year-old resident in a long-term care...

Question 3

An 80-year-old extended-care resident comes to the nurse asking for a bandage for a bleeding, dark pigmented mole with irregular shape and border. What does the nurse suspect?

Accepted Answer

A)  Melanoma 
B)  Basal cell carcinoma 
C)  Cutaneous papilloma 
D)  Senile lentigo

Question 4

The nurse is aware that children with __________ have the treatment and care needs of persons of advanced age.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse is aware that children with...

Question 5

Which symptom would be a characteristic of a stage I pressure ulcer on an older adult's coccyx?

Accepted Answer

A)  Clear blister 
B)  Nonblanchable area of erythema 
C)  Scaly abraded area 
D)  Painful reddened area

Question 6

What are risk factors for osteoporosis? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Menopause 
B)  Smoking 
C)  White female 
D)  Excessive high-impact exercise 
E)  Long-term use of phenytoin (Dilantin)

Question 7

What age-related changes in the respiratory system explain why the older adult is at risk for infection? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  Reduced ciliary movement 
B)  Decrease in alveolar elasticity 
C)  Pooling of secretions 
D)  Flattened diaphragm 
E)  Calcification of costal cartilage

Question 8

What are Heberden nodes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Yellow longitudinal lines in the nails 
B)  Thickened discolored fingernails 
C)  Darkened areas under the fingernail 
D)  Bony enlargements of distal joints of the fingers

Question 9

What vitamins are necessary to support ossification? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)  A 
B)  B? 
C)  C 
D)  D 
E)  E

Question 10

The nurse is accompanying a group of older adults on a July 4th outing to monitor heat prostration. What factor is related to heat intolerance in the older adult?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in melanin 
B)  A reduction of perspiration 
C)  A reduction in body temperature 
D)  Increased capillary fragility

Question 11

A person with Parkinsons disease has a nursing diagnosis of "nutrition, less than body requirements related to difficulty swallowing." What change would the nurse make in the nursing care plan?

Accepted Answer

A)  Feed the patient at each meal. 
B)  Place the patient in a semi-Fowler position for mealtime. 
C)  Offer a thick, high-nutrition shake as a snack. 
D)  Encourage the patient to drink a sip of water after each bite of solid food.

Question 12

The nurse cautions the Certified Nursing Assistants (CNAs) to use care when transferring or handling older adults. The nurse understands that the vascular fragility of the older adult can result in which of the following conditions?

Accepted Answer

A)  Altered blood pressure 
B)  Pressure ulcers 
C)  Pruritus 
D)  Senile purpura

Exam 3: Physiologic Changes