Question 1

A resource that cannot be diminished by overuse and does not need to be replenished, such as solar energy, is called a(n) ____________________.

Accepted Answer

inexhaustible resource

Question 2

____________________ are processes provided by healthy ecosystems that support life and human economies at no monetary cost to us.

Accepted Answer

Ecosystem services

Question 3

____________________ refers to the circulation of chemicals through organisms and back to the environment.

Accepted Answer

Nutrient cycling

Question 4

Major causes of the environmental problems we face are ____________________, wasteful and unsustainable resource use, poverty, failure to include the harmful environmental and health costs of goods and services in their market prices, and increasing isolation from nature.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Major causes of the environmental problems we...

Question 5

Which of the following terms encompasses all of the others listed?

Accepted Answer

A)   Natural capital
B)   Natural resources
C)   Ecosystem services
D)   Renewable resources
E)   Nonrenewable resources

Question 6

Between 1930 and 2011, the global human population has increased from ____ to ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   100 million; 250 million
B)   500 million; 1 billion
C)   1.5 billion; 3 billion
D)   2 billion; 7 billion
E)   7 billion; 16 billion

Question 7

Which of the following affects about 83% of the earth's surface, excluding Antarctica?

Accepted Answer

A)   The presence of cities
B)   Human activities in general
C)   Agricultural use
D)   Landfills and waste disposal
E)   Occupation by power plants

Question 8

Which of the following contributes most to sustainability?

Accepted Answer

A)   Abundant use of resources
B)   Distribution of poverty
C)   Rapid population growth
D)   Inclusion of environmental and health costs in market prices
E)   Natural capital degradation

Question 9

As of 2014, the world population is about ____.

Accepted Answer

A)   3.0 billion people
B)   5.0 billion people
C)   7.0 billion people
D)   9.0 million people
E)   10.0 billion people

Question 10

How did using biomimicry help in developing a new tape based on gecko feet?

Accepted Answer

The answer of How did using biomimicry help in developing...

Question 11

In nature, chemicals are recycled rather than becoming waste.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

What term refers to the average ecological footprint of an individual in a given country or area?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ecosystem service
B)   Natural capital
C)   Unsustainable yield
D)   Mean of the commons
E)   Per capita ecological footprint

Question 13

Win-____ solutions are based on compromise in light of our interdependence, and they benefit both people and the environment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Win-____ solutions are based on compromise in...

Question 14

In contrast to the life-centered worldview, the human-centered environmental worldview considers all species as having value as participating members of the biosphere regardless of their potential or actual use to humans.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Clearly describe how affluence can have both harmful and beneficial environmental effects.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Clearly describe how affluence can have both...

Question 16

One of the three additional principles of sustainability mentioned in the textbook describes the use of _____ to give consumers more information about the harmful environmental impact of products.

Accepted Answer

A)   biodiversifying
B)   hidden appraisals
C)   subsidizing
D)   full-cost pricing
E)   external valuations

Question 17

The three scientific principles of sustainability are chemical cycling, use of solar energy, and ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The three scientific principles of sustainability are...

Question 18

Which of the following describes worrying changes occurring in the environment worldwide?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lowering sea levels and increased rainfall
B)   Increases in ice cover
C)   Increasing ocean alkalinity
D)   Increases in permafrost cover
E)   More intense droughts, and rivers that are running dry

Question 19

Ecological footprint models have been used since the ____ .

Accepted Answer

A)   2000s
B)   1990s
C)   1970s
D)   1800s
E)   1500s

Question 20

Which factor is a major contributor to the degradation of natural capital associated with the pricing of consumable goods?

Accepted Answer

A)   Consumable goods are priced in such a way that they do not reflect the environmental damage caused by their production.
B)   Consumable goods are priced in such a way as to allow even those in poverty in developing nations to acquire them.
C)   Consumable goods are priced in such a way as to offset harmful environmental and health costs.
D)   Consumers are typically aware of the kinds of environmental damage resulting from the production of the item.
E)   Consumers in some local cultures purchase items that are expensive because of the social status it brings.

Exam 1: The Environment and Sustainability