Question 1

Altruistic acts in children tend to occur when the cost of the act is

Accepted Answer

A)  low. 
B)  high. 
C)  not known in advance. 
D)  expected to be immediately recouped.

Question 2

Which exemplifies the notion of parent as social director during play?

Accepted Answer

A)  A parent who likes to play directly with his or her child 
B)  A parent who actively encourages his or her child to play with others 
C)  A parent who steps in to resolve disputes between his or her child and other children 
D)  A parent who teaches his or her child skills that will make the child better at a game

Question 3

Research results have provided evidence that the ability to distinguish facial features associated with different emotions first develops as early as ____ of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  2 weeks 
B)  1 month 
C)  4 months 
D)  8 months

Question 4

Some gender stereotypes are false beliefs.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

With regard to social roles, female activities are typically more

Accepted Answer

A)  demanding. 
B)  solitary. 
C)  strenuous. 
D)  outside the home.

Question 6

Which statement on parent-infant early relationships is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mothers tend to spend more time reading to infants. 
B)  Infants are biologically programmed to attach to mothers. 
C)  Mothers provide better early childcare than fathers. 
D)  When in distress, infants prefer to interact with fathers.

Question 7

How could a parent best encourage attachment in a 4-month-old?

Accepted Answer

A)  Show continuous interest whenever he or she is around the child 
B)  Respond predictably and appropriately to the baby's needs. 
C)  Let the child initiate all social interactions. 
D)  There are no parental behaviors that would influence an infant that young.

Question 8

You are studying the basic emotions of 11-month-olds from the United States and China. What differences would you expect in how these basic emotions are expressed?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chinese infants will cry and smile less than American infants. 
B)  American infants will be less expressive than Chinese infants. 
C)  Chinese infants will be more expressive of pain; American infants will be more expressive of "joy." 
D)  Chinese infants are more likely to express disgust.

Question 9

With which person is Michelle most likely to act altruistically?

Accepted Answer

A)  Jackie, whom Michelle has never met 
B)  Claudia, who was in Michelle's class last year 
C)  Pat, who is Michelle's little sister 
D)  Betty, who is a friend of Michelle's mother

Question 10

When infants look to a parent to get cues about whether or not a new situation is safe, they are exhibiting social referencing.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Ben sees a group of girls playing in the sand and decides that playing in the sand is for girls. Ben's behavior illustrates the concept of _____.

Accepted Answer

A)  gender-schema theory. 
B)  gender stability. 
C)  gender identity. 
D)  gender labeling.

Question 12

If 2-year-old Kelly had an internal working model, she would

Accepted Answer

A)  believe that inanimate objects have the ability to move and breathe. 
B)  expect her mom to respond when she is upset. 
C)  talk to herself out loud. 
D)  form an insecure attachment to her parents.

Question 13

One-year-old Kendra looks at her mother before entering a new room in a strange house. When her mother smiles, Kendra proceeds to enter the room. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  a social smile. 
B)  a complex emotion. 
C)  social referencing. 
D)  stranger wariness.

Question 14

Katie is upset with her friend Leslie. In order to "get even" with her, she tries to make Leslie's other friends mad at Leslie by making up stories about her. What is this sort of behavior called?

Accepted Answer

A)  Physical aggression 
B)  Gender labeling 
C)  Relational aggression 
D)  Verbal aggression

Question 15

In the Strange Situation test, a(n) ____ remains alone in a room with an infant.

Accepted Answer

A)  mother 
B)  observer 
C)  stranger 
D)  second infant

Question 16

Infants rarely become attached to their fathers.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Young Jim experiences the sadness of his friend Abdul when Abdul's dog runs away. Jim is exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A)  empathy. 
B)  altruism. 
C)  cooperative behavior. 
D)  sympathy.

Question 18

Children typically begin to exhibit simple social play around ____ months of age.

Accepted Answer

A)  18 
B)  28 
C)  38 
D)  48

Question 19

Which term does not fit with the notion of "constricting" during play?

Accepted Answer

A)  Exaggeration 
B)  Threats 
C)  Contradiction 
D)  Support

Question 20

Omero is a preschooler who has an imaginary friend. Which best describes Omero relative to his peers without imaginary friends?

Accepted Answer

A)  Emotionally disturbed 
B)  Sociable 
C)  Few friends 
D)  Low intelligence

Exam 5: Entering the Social World: Socioemotional Development in Infancy and Early Childhood

Altruistic acts in children tend to occur when the cost of the act is

Which exemplifies the notion of parent as social director during play?

Research results have provided evidence that the ability to distinguish facial features associated with different emotions first develops as early as ____ of age.

Some gender stereotypes are false beliefs.

With regard to social roles, female activities are typically more

Which statement on parent-infant early relationships is true?

How could a parent best encourage attachment in a 4-month-old?

You are studying the basic emotions of 11-month-olds from the United States and China. What differences would you expect in how these basic emotions are expressed?

With which person is Michelle most likely to act altruistically?

When infants look to a parent to get cues about whether or not a new situation is safe, they are exhibiting social referencing.

Ben sees a group of girls playing in the sand and decides that playing in the sand is for girls. Ben's behavior illustrates the concept of _____.

If 2-year-old Kelly had an internal working model, she would

One-year-old Kendra looks at her mother before entering a new room in a strange house. When her mother smiles, Kendra proceeds to enter the room. This is an example of

Katie is upset with her friend Leslie. In order to "get even" with her, she tries to make Leslie's other friends mad at Leslie by making up stories about her. What is this sort of behavior called?

In the Strange Situation test, a(n) ____ remains alone in a room with an infant.

Infants rarely become attached to their fathers.

Young Jim experiences the sadness of his friend Abdul when Abdul's dog runs away. Jim is exhibiting

Children typically begin to exhibit simple social play around ____ months of age.

Which term does not fit with the notion of "constricting" during play?

Omero is a preschooler who has an imaginary friend. Which best describes Omero relative to his peers without imaginary friends?