Question 1

Sullivan emphasized all but one of the following as emerging from early mother-child relationships. Which one does not belong?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bad me
B)  Not me
C)  Real me
D)  Good me C

Question 2

Compare and contrast object relations,self,intersubjective and relational psychoanalysis.

Accepted Answer

Object relations, self, intersubjective, and relational psychoanalysis are all different theoretical approaches within the field of psychoanalysis. While they share some similarities, they also have distinct differences in their focus and theoretical underpinnings.

Object relations theory, developed by Melanie Klein and later expanded upon by theorists such as D.W. Winnicott and Harry Guntrip, focuses on the internalized representations of relationships and objects that individuals develop based on their early experiences with caregivers. This approach emphasizes the importance of early childhood experiences in shaping an individual's internal world and their relationships with others.

Self psychology, developed by Heinz Kohut, focuses on the development of the self and the ways in which individuals maintain a sense of cohesion and continuity in their identity. This approach emphasizes the role of empathy and mirroring in the formation of a healthy self and the importance of repairing selfobject failures through therapeutic interventions.

Intersubjective psychoanalysis, developed by Robert Stolorow and George Atwood, emphasizes the mutual influence and co-creation of meaning between the therapist and the patient. This approach highlights the importance of the therapist's subjectivity and the intersubjective field in shaping the therapeutic relationship and the patient's experience of themselves and others.

Relational psychoanalysis, developed by Stephen Mitchell and Jessica Benjamin, focuses on the ways in which individuals are shaped by their relationships and the broader social and cultural context. This approach emphasizes the importance of understanding the patient's relational patterns and the impact of power dynamics and social structures on their psychological functioning.

In comparing these approaches, it is important to note that they all share a focus on the importance of relationships and the interpersonal context in shaping an individual's psychological development. However, they differ in their emphasis on internalized object relations, the development of the self, the mutual influence of therapist and patient, and the broader relational and cultural context.

Overall, while these approaches have distinct theoretical foundations, they all contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the ways in which individuals are shaped by their relationships and the broader social and cultural context. Each approach offers valuable insights into the complexities of human experience and the ways in which individuals can find healing and growth through their relationships with others.

Question 3

A holding environment refers to:

Accepted Answer

A)  a caring and nurturing environment that supports "good enough" development.
B)  physical contact with a therapist
C)  parental neglect.
D)  a waiting area in a psychiatric hospital A

Question 4

Which of the following models of family interaction is based largely on the psychoanalytic model?

Accepted Answer

A)  Psychodynamic
B)  Communication
C)  Structural
D)  Behavioral

Question 5

Relational psychoanalysis involves:

Accepted Answer

A)  the mutual impact of external,interpersonal,or social relations,internal relations among persons,varied self-states,and object relations.
B)  the impact of narcissistic transferences.
C)  the mutual impact of internal,personal object relations as they affect other people
D)  the mutual impact of drives on internal and external objects.

Question 6

Kohut viewed narcissism as:

Accepted Answer

A)  a pathological condition of self-absorption.
B)  a normal stage of development.
C)  disappearing after adolescence.
D)  concern for the welfare of others.

Question 7

When a child internalizes the image of his mother into a good object and a bad object,he is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)  projective identification
B)  splitting.
C)  identifying.
D)  differentiating.

Question 8

_____________________ According to psychoanalytic theory,the analyst's unconscious emotional responses to a patient that are reminiscent of feelings he or she experienced with a person in the past.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________________ According to psychoanalytic theory,the analyst's unconscious...

Question 9

_____________________ A setting where clients feel protected and safe because the therapist permissively accepts any free associations or spontaneous interactions.This context allows clients to access repressed or forgotten material needed for assessment.

Accepted Answer

The answer of _____________________ A setting where clients feel protected...

Question 10

A "good" theory should be:

Accepted Answer

A)  verifiable.
B)  parsimonious.
C)  empirically valid.
D)  All of the answers are correct.

Question 11

Framo utilizes all but one of the following in his family therapy:

Accepted Answer

A)  individual sessions with each spouse separately.
B)  couple groups.
C)  the occasional use of a female co-therapist.
D)  conjoint sessions

Question 12

In Kohut's system,selfobjects refer to:

Accepted Answer

A)  childhood play objects.
B)  transitional objects in childhood.
C)  self-sustaining psychic function that takes place within a self in its relationship to others that supports the self in its development.
D)  the development of the self into an object.

Question 13

A spouse who projects undesired aspects of oneself onto a partner and then fights these characteristics in that mate is engaging in:

Accepted Answer

A)  projective identification
B)  projective techniques
C)  sculpting.
D)  projective reintegration

Question 14

Discuss attachment theory and how our (emotionally)intimate adult relationships are affected by our early attachment patterns

Accepted Answer

The answer of Discuss attachment theory and how our (emotionally)intimate...

Question 15

Defending against anxiety by externalizing unwanted parts of oneself onto others is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  introjection.
B)  projection
C)  rationalization.
D)  projective identification

Question 16

In the famous case of Little Hans,in which the child feared leaving his house for fear of being bitten by a horse:

Accepted Answer

A)  Freud treated the whole family.
B)  the treatment was carried out by the father,under Freud's guidance.
C)  Bowen worked with the boy and his father together.
D)  Bowen never saw Hans,but worked with his parents.

Question 17

By "tickling the defenses" Ackerman meant:

Accepted Answer

A)  forcing members to expose their defensiveness.
B)  catching members off guard and exposing their self-justifying rationalizations.
C)  stripping members of all their defenses against anxiety.
D)  stripping members of all their defenses against anxiety

Question 18

Therapist interpretations are an integral part of:

Accepted Answer

A)  experiential family therapy.
B)  contextual therapy.
C)  object relations family therapy​
D)  None of the answers are correct.

Question 19

Framo may be considered to have built his theories on the earlier formulations of:

Accepted Answer

A)  Fairbairn and Rogers.
B)  Rogers and Dicks.
C)  Fairbairn and Dicks
D)  Ackerman and Bowen.

Question 20

In Ackerman's approach:

Accepted Answer

A)  both office interviews and home visits were employed.
B)  office visits are common but home visits were avoided.
C)  all therapeutic work with the family occurs in the home.
D)  both office interviews and home visits are avoided by seeing families in a hospital setting.

Exam 7: Psychodynamic Models