Question 1

The majority of all cases of dementia result from ​

Accepted Answer

A) Alzheimer's disease. 
B) Parkinson's disease. 
C) strokes and cerebral hemorrhages. 
D) neuronal loss that is part of the normal aging process.

Question 2

Research suggests that all of the following factors reduce the risk of Alzheimer's disease EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) participation in regular exercise. 
B) participation in stimulating cognitive activities. 
C) active social engagement. 
D) a low-fat, low-salt diet.

Question 3

The major qualification of the research findings on gender differences is that ​

Accepted Answer

A) the data are indicative of group differences and tell us little about individuals. 
B) the findings are based on only a few studies and are therefore not very representative of the population. 
C) most of the research has been conducted on white middle-class children. 
D) there is wide variation from study to study in how the variables have been operationalized.

Question 4

Research indicates that there are genuine (although often small) gender differences in verbal ability, mathematical ability, spatial ability, aggression, and nonverbal communication. There is also some evidence that biological differences between the sexes in hormone levels and brain organization contribute to some or all of these behavioral differences. Adopt an evolutionary perspective, and discuss why these biological differences and their consequent behavioral differences might exist.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research indicates that there are genuine (although...

Question 5

Underextension would be evident if a three-year-old child ​

Accepted Answer

A) used a word too broadly. 
B) used telegraphic speech to communicate complex ideas. 
C) used a word too narrowly. 
D) failed to utilize fast mapping.

Question 6

Tim is 80 years old, and he spends several hours per day reading, writing, and playing board games. Tim's activities reduce his risk of age-related decline in

Accepted Answer

A) memory. 
B) processing speed. 
C) problem solving. 
D) cardiovascular health.

Question 7

Children receiving low-quality day care are especially vulnerable to attachment problems when

Accepted Answer

A) they have an easy temperament. 
B) their mothers are insensitive to them. 
C) they have a difficult temperament. 
D) their mothers are highly sensitive to them.

Question 8

In relation to age, which of the following does NOT belong with the others?

Accepted Answer

A) Separation anxiety 
B) Babbling 
C) Postconventional moral reasoning 
D) Gradual mastery of object permanence

Question 9

Omar's wife conceived a baby seven days ago and does not yet know she is pregnant. His wife's pregnancy is currently in the _____ stage.

Accepted Answer

A) germinal 
B) embryonic 
C) fetal 
D) placental

Question 10

Typically, individuals concerned with the crisis of initiative versus guilt are in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational 
B) concrete operational 
C) sensorimotor 
D) formal operational

Question 11

Typically, individuals concerned with the crisis of trust versus mistrust are in the _____ stage of cognitive development.

Accepted Answer

A) preoperational 
B) sensorimotor 
C) formal operational 
D) concrete operational

Question 12

Both of Karlee's parents are teachers, as are two of her uncles. For as long as she can remember, she has wanted to be a schoolteacher, just like these role models. James Marcia would consider Karlee to be in a state of identity _____.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Both of Karlee's parents are teachers, as...

Question 13

Jeffrey Arnett has proposed a new developmental stage for the years between age 18 and 25 that he calls ​

Accepted Answer

A) extended adolescence. 
B) emerging adulthood. 
C) adolescent moratorium. 
D) adult delay.

Question 14

Define the concept of attachment, and summarize the patterns of attachment seen in infants.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Define the concept of attachment, and summarize...

Question 15

Which of the following statements regarding differences between males and females is NOT accurate?

Accepted Answer

A) Females tend to score higher on measures of visual-spatial abilities than males. 
B) Females tend to be more sensitive to nonverbal communication than males. 
C) Females tend to exhibit slightly better verbal skills than males. 
D) Males tend to exhibit slightly better mathematical abilities than females.

Question 16

Jocelyn is 25 years old and feels very insecure about some of the personal and career choices she has made so far. Consequently, at this point in her life, she is unwilling to form a serious, committed relationship with another person. Based on Erikson's theory, Jocelyn may

Accepted Answer

A) become self-indulgent and self-absorbed. 
B) develop a sense of isolation. 
C) experience feelings of despair and bitterness. 
D) develop feelings of inferiority and doubt.

Question 17

The correct sequence of the stages of prenatal development are

Accepted Answer

A) germinal, fetal, embryonic. 
B) embryonic, fetal, germinal. 
C) germinal, embryonic, fetal. 
D) fetal, germinal, embryonic.

Question 18

Harlow's finding that "contact comfort" is an important factor in forming attachment is LEAST consistent with the views expressed by

Accepted Answer

A) humanists. 
B) psychoanalysts. 
C) behaviorists. 
D) evolutionary psychologists.

Question 19

According to Piaget, during the formal operational period of cognitive development, children begin to

Accepted Answer

A) acquire the concept of conservation. 
B) understand the nature of hierarchical classification. 
C) think primarily in terms of concrete objects or situations. 
D) think in terms of abstract principles and hypothetical possibilities.

Question 20

For Erikson, the stage during which toilet training occurs is

Accepted Answer

A) trust versus mistrust. 
B) industry versus inferiority. 
C) autonomy versus shame and doubt. 
D) initiative versus guilt.

Exam 10: Human Development Across the Life Span