Question 1

Ethical dilemmas arise when

Accepted Answer

A)   norms and values are in conflict.
B)   there is only one alternative course of action available.
C)   norms and values are not in conflict.
D)   there are several theories of ethical decision making.
E)   All of these are correct. A

Question 2

Which philosopher argued that self-interest leads to economic cooperation?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adam Smith
B)   John Locke
C)   Thomas Hobbes
D)   Jeremy Bentham
E)   John Rawls A

Question 3

Under this approach, what is important is that the decision was made for the right reasons:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics A

Question 4

Which philosopher argued that social and economic inequalities are just if these inequalities are to everyone's benefit?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adam Smith
B)   John Locke
C)   Thomas Hobbes
D)   Jeremy Bentham
E)   John Rawls

Question 5

This approach presupposes that happiness, utility, pleasure, pain and anguish can be quantified:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 6

Which theory is concerned with the motivation of the decision maker rather than the consequences of the decision?

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 7

Minority rights may be violated under this approach:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 8

If managers use moral imagination to determine ethical alternatives, the decisions need to be good for

Accepted Answer

A)   the individual.
B)   the firm.
C)   society.
D)   the individual and the firm.
E)   All of these are correct.

Question 9

Which theory focuses on the moral character of the decision maker?

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 10

Individuals may be ethical because of

Accepted Answer

A)   religious concerns.
B)   emotional attachment to other people.
C)   enlightened self-interest.
D)   None of these are correct.
E)   All of these are correct.

Question 11

Which theory argues that the best ethical alternative is the one that will produce the greatest amount of happiness to the largest number of stakeholders?

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 12

Which philosopher argued that self-interest motivates people to form peaceful civil societies?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adam Smith
B)   John Locke
C)   Thomas Hobbes
D)   Jeremy Bentham
E)   John Rawls

Question 13

There are two aspects of justice, but under which aspect is it argued that there should be a consistent application of law?

Accepted Answer

A)   distributive justice
B)   procedural justice
C)   balance of justice
D)   deontology
E)   teleology

Question 14

According to distributive justice theory, what are the three main criteria for determining the just distribution?

Accepted Answer

A)   need, fairness and merit
B)   need, arithmetic equality and merit
C)   opportunity, fairness and merit
D)   opportunity, fairness and arithmetic equality
E)   need, arithmetic equality and equivalence

Question 15

Which theory argues that equals should be treated equally in relationship to their relevant equalities and differences?

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 16

One problem with this theory is that the categorical imperative does not provide clear guidelines for deciding what is right and wrong when two or more moral laws conflict and only one can be chosen:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 17

This approach, a variant of utilitarianism, considers an action to be ethically good if it will probably produce a greater balance of good over evil:

Accepted Answer

A)   act utilitarianism
B)   active utilitarianism
C)   sub-utilitarianism
D)   consequentialism
E)   virtue ethics

Question 18

Which approach focuses on coming up with an innovative solution to an ethical dilemma?

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 19

Two weaknesses of the following approach are (1) it is difficult to determine who demonstrates integrity in the workplace, and (2) it is difficult to choose between compassion and not betraying somebody's trust:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   moral imagination
E)   virtue ethics

Question 20

A difficulty in applying this approach is identifying all possible stakeholders impacted by a decision:

Accepted Answer

A)   deontology
B)   distributive justice
C)   utilitarianism
D)   procedural justice/consequentialism
E)   virtue ethics

Exam 3: Philosophers’ Contributions.

Ethical dilemmas arise when

Which philosopher argued that self-interest leads to economic cooperation?

Under this approach, what is important is that the decision was made for the right reasons:

Which philosopher argued that social and economic inequalities are just if these inequalities are to everyone's benefit?

This approach presupposes that happiness, utility, pleasure, pain and anguish can be quantified:

Which theory is concerned with the motivation of the decision maker rather than the consequences of the decision?

Minority rights may be violated under this approach:

If managers use moral imagination to determine ethical alternatives, the decisions need to be good for

Which theory focuses on the moral character of the decision maker?

Individuals may be ethical because of

Which theory argues that the best ethical alternative is the one that will produce the greatest amount of happiness to the largest number of stakeholders?

Which philosopher argued that self-interest motivates people to form peaceful civil societies?

There are two aspects of justice, but under which aspect is it argued that there should be a consistent application of law?

According to distributive justice theory, what are the three main criteria for determining the just distribution?

Which theory argues that equals should be treated equally in relationship to their relevant equalities and differences?

One problem with this theory is that the categorical imperative does not provide clear guidelines for deciding what is right and wrong when two or more moral laws conflict and only one can be chosen:

This approach, a variant of utilitarianism, considers an action to be ethically good if it will probably produce a greater balance of good over evil:

Which approach focuses on coming up with an innovative solution to an ethical dilemma?

Two weaknesses of the following approach are (1) it is difficult to determine who demonstrates integrity in the workplace, and (2) it is difficult to choose between compassion and not betraying somebody's trust:

A difficulty in applying this approach is identifying all possible stakeholders impacted by a decision: