Question 1

Placing signs in raised flower beds protects signs from vandalism because people resist trampling the flowers to get to the sign. This is an example of how architects, using psychological research, are able to reduce vandalism

Accepted Answer

A) by utilizing biodata. 
B) by weakening the lure of likely targets. 
C) through a critical incidents analysis. 
D) through territorial overload.

Question 2

Work efficiency is to psychological efficiency as

Accepted Answer

A) job enrichment is to job satisfaction. 
B) Theory X leadership is to Theory Y leadership. 
C) management by objectives is to job enrichment. 
D) job enrichment is to Theory X leadership.

Question 3

Studies have shown that companies with more women in leadership roles perform better financially.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Studies of overcrowding in a rat colony showed that

Accepted Answer

A) crowded animals become more docile and cooperative. 
B) each animal, although crowded, claims a private territory and adapts effectively. 
C) crowding produces pathological social behaviors and stress-caused diseases. 
D) the population continued to rise rapidly as pregnancies increased and infant mortality decreased.

Question 5

The maintenance of good morale, labor relations, employee satisfaction, and similar aspects of work behavior is called __________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The maintenance of good morale, labor relations,...

Question 6

In achieving his or her goals, a transformational leader uses which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A) individualized consideration 
B) intellectual stimulation 
C) idealized influence 
D) all of these

Question 7

Attentional overload involves excessive demands on a person's attention from

Accepted Answer

A) sensory stimulation. 
B) information. 
C) social contacts. 
D) all of these.

Question 8

At work, perceived threats to one's self-esteem and feeling that one has been treated unfairly can lead to

Accepted Answer

A) "desk rage," or workplace anger. 
B) a complacent coping style. 
C) a defensive-avoidant coping style. 
D) organizational "scapegoating."

Question 9

If both the prosecution and defense use scientific jury selection,

Accepted Answer

A) the net effect is probably a more balanced jury with only people who are highly biased being removed. 
B) jury trials will become gridlocked. 
C) people with pretrial biases will be selected for jury duty. 
D) only people with conservative, authoritarian attitudes will be selected.

Question 10

Milgram believes city dwellers learn to prevent attentional overload by doing all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) reducing their territorial behavior. 
B) engaging in brief, superficial interpersonal contacts. 
C) disregarding nonessential events. 
D) fending off others by adopting cold and unfriendly expressions.

Question 11

Armando, who is a software engineer, has been working long hours trying to develop a new way to more quickly predict hurricane activity for a satellite weather system. Armando quit his last job because the leadership of that company made him feel like he was "punching the clock." At his new company, the chief executive officer, who happens to be a woman, believes that people are industrious, creative, and rewarded by challenging work. Regarding Armando's current and previous job situations, which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A) The work efficiency at Armando's new job is probably being measured by time-and-motion studies. 
B) Armando is now being scientifically-managed at his new company. 
C) Armando's work and psychological efficiency would have been higher had he stayed with his old company. 
D) Armando has moved from a job with a Theory X leader to a career with a Theory Y leader.

Question 12

As part of her job in the human resources department of the company, Janine formally and informally questions job applicants to learn their qualifications and to gain an impression of their personalities. Janine is conducting a(n)

Accepted Answer

A) impression analysis. 
B) personal interview. 
C) job analysis. 
D) personnel interest evaluation.

Question 13

Mr. and Mrs. Thomas have sat in the middle of the same pew at their church for 20 years. One day they are later than usual entering the church when they spy a new couple seated in their spot. They stand at the end of the pew until the new couple scoots down to the end of the pew. Mr. and Mrs. Thomas are exhibiting

Accepted Answer

A) an avoidance of situational crowding. 
B) space psychology. 
C) the density effect. 
D) territorial behavior.

Question 14

North America has an ecological footprint about 10 times higher than that of Asia or Africa.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Intellectual development, language learning, test writing, and teaching strategies would all be of interest to which type of psychologist?

Accepted Answer

A) environmental 
B) educational 
C) developmental 
D) social

Question 16

Regarding task analysis, which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A) Task analysis is helpful in identifying the key elements of a sports skill. 
B) Task analysis is beneficial for understanding simple sports skills but not complex ones. 
C) Tasks analysis helps coaches teach key elements of specific sports skills. 
D) Task analysis is an extension of techniques first used in job analyses.

Question 17

To avoid "choking" while he is putting, a golfer must try to

Accepted Answer

A) increase his arousal level. 
B) decrease his arousal level. 
C) increase his "flow" state through depersonalization. 
D) focus on previous errors in putting so he won't repeat them.

Question 18

Environmental psychologists have long known that a major barrier to conservation is a lack of

Accepted Answer

A) research on conservation issues. 
B) intrinsic motivation. 
C) positive punishment. 
D) control and feedback.

Question 19

In achieving his or her goals, a transformational leader uses all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) idealized influence. 
B) inspirational motivation. 
C) job specialization. 
D) intellectual stimulation.

Question 20

According to the text, the benefits for adults from sports participation include all of the following EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A) stress reduction. 
B) a better self-image. 
C) improved general health. 
D) coping with competition and winning.

Exam 18: Applied Psychology