Question 1

Which of the following statements is true of the concept of freedom of the press?

Accepted Answer

A) It is restricted under the First Amendment. 
B) It was applied to radio and television before it was applied to print media. 
C) It was immediately extended to new media as they came into existence. 
D) It has been applied to print media since the adoption of the Bill of Rights. 
E) It was extended to the movies in 1915.

Question 2

A few online activists who support Chris Vincent, a presidential candidate, published materials that do not represent his position on health benefits. This resulted in inconsistency in Chris Vincent's campaign message to his voters. In this scenario, the online activists are an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) spin doctors 
B) netroots groups 
C) Web strategists 
D) Web managers 
E) citizen journalists

Question 3

__________is another term that has been used to describe the news blogosphere.

Accepted Answer

A) Narrowcasting 
B) Web managing 
C) People journalism 
D) Managed news coverage 
E) Air game

Question 4

Following World War II (1939-1945), _____ became the dominant form of communication.

Accepted Answer

A) magazines 
B) radio 
C) newsletters 
D) print newspapers 
E) broadcast television

Question 5

In order to attract more viewers, the television news industry:

Accepted Answer

A) has turned to "infotainment" programs. 
B) has turned to negative advertising. 
C) has started to treat an important issue in much more detail than print medium. 
D) has started to provide editorials taking positions on an issue and arguments supporting those positions. 
E) has relied on news reporting that is done in a very detailed manner.

Question 6

A democratic presidential candidate pointed out numerous flaws in his opponent's health care legislations. He focused on how his opponent's legislations did not cover some major illnesses and how the people would not benefit from them. He ran a commercial featuring a boy who was severely ill but could not pay for his treatment as his health insurance did not cover the disease. The commercial is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) participatory journalism 
B) an issue advertisement 
C) community journalism 
D) online blogging 
E) a positive political advertisement

Question 7

Recently, a famous news channel broadcasted that their country experienced the lowest rate of unemployment in the last ten years. This made the viewers feel optimistic. In this scenario, the media outlet was able to influence the viewers' opinions with a technique called _____.

Accepted Answer

A) podcasting 
B) microtargeting 
C) priming 
D) lobbying 
E) narrowcasting

Question 8

Podcasting can be defined as:

Accepted Answer

A) a technique for fitting events into a familiar story or filtering information through preconceived ideas. 
B) spinning a story or an event in a way that is favorable to a political candidate. 
C) narrowing the focus of news to a local area. 
D) managing news coverage to gain media exposure for a political candidate. 
E) the distribution of audio or video files to personal computers or mobile devices such as smartphones.

Question 9

Which of the following is true of news coverage?

Accepted Answer

A) It cannot be manipulated by campaign staff. 
B) Coverage by the news media is very expensive. 
C) Political consultants plan political events to accommodate the press. 
D) The media do not devote much of their coverage to polls. 
E) Hardly any aspect of a campaign focuses on potential news coverage.

Question 10

BNB Prime, a news channel, has started narrowing the focus of its news to a few cities in the United States. It hardly broadcasts any of the other major events taking place in the world. In this scenario, BNB Prime uses _____.

Accepted Answer

A) priming 
B) hyperlocalism 
C) framing 
D) negative advertising 
E) partisan bias

Question 11

The use of the Internet is a very expensive way for political candidates to contact, recruit, and mobilize supporters, as well as to disseminate information about their positions on issues.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The courts have always supported broadcast media with freedom of expression.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following accompanies the perception of majority of Americans that the news media are not unbiased in their reporting?

Accepted Answer

A) The decline in the percentage of teenagers who use the Internet 
B) The increase in the number of liberalists who listen to the news 
C) The decline in public's confidence in the news in the recent years 
D) The increase in the number of conservatives who listen to the news 
E) The dominance of the Internet as the primary source of information

Question 14

To make their campaign more effective, a presidential candidate and his allies have decided to send short political videos and audios describing their agendas to public's personal computers and smartphones. They believe that this technique will help get their message across to the public clearly. In this scenario, the political candidate and his allies are using the method of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) priming 
B) narrowcasting 
C) framing 
D) agenda setting 
E) podcasting

Question 15

Which of the following statements is true of talk radio?

Accepted Answer

A) Today, five of the top six talk-radio shows, as measured by Arbitron ratings, are politically liberal. 
B) Modern talk radio took off in the United States during the 1930s. 
C) The growth of talk radio was made possible by the Federal Communications Commission's repeal of the fairness doctrine in 1987. 
D) Franklin D. Roosevelt's "fireside chats" were the last talk-radio shows. 
E) The holders of broadcast licenses present controversial issues of public importance in a manner that is honest, equitable, and balanced.

Question 16

Since 1996, the Commission on Presidential Debates has limited the participants to:

Accepted Answer

A) candidates of the two major parties-the Democrats and the Republicans-and one candidate from a third party. 
B) only candidates of the two major parties-the Democrats and the Republicans. 
C) candidates of the two major parties in the first debate, and one candidate from a third party in the second debate. 
D) two candidates of up to four parties at a time. 
E) three candidates at a time.

Question 17

During a presidential campaign, Alexander's campaign manager ran multiple television broadcasts which focused on the flaws in the stand taken by Daniel, Alexander's opponent, on immigration and unemployment. The broadcast is an example of _____.

Accepted Answer

A) community journalism 
B) managed news coverage 
C) negative political advertising 
D) citizen journalism 
E) positive political advertising

Question 18

Which of the following statements is true of concentrated ownership of media?

Accepted Answer

A) There is substantial evidence that corporations that own media significantly influence reporting. 
B) The owners of media outlets air information that could be damaging to their advertisers if they earn profits. 
C) If only one or two companies own a city's newspaper and its TV stations, these outlets present a diversity of opinion. 
D) The owners of media outlets are unlikely to publicize views that they disagree with politically. 
E) Concentrated ownership may be a more serious problem at the national level than at the local level.

Question 19

Which of the following statements is true of online advertising revenue?

Accepted Answer

A) There is an absolute shortage of online advertising revenue. 
B) The additional revenues that newspapers have gained from their online editions make up for the massive losses in advertising revenue suffered by their print editions. 
C) Content providers receive a large share of online advertising revenue. 
D) Investing heavily in online news delivery is the solution for news companies seeking to increase readership and revenues. 
E) Most of the online advertising revenue goes to aggregators.

Question 20

Which of the following statements is true of negative TV advertisements?

Accepted Answer

A) They always bring about a higher voter turnout in elections. 
B) They cannot inform voters about important issues like positive advertisements. 
C) They are more likely than positive advertisements to grab viewers' attention. 
D) They are believed to dull public debate. 
E) They are less likely than positive advertisements to get free media coverage.

Exam 10: Politics and the Media