Question 1

Maslow's hierarchy of needs has been described as a pyramid with several different levels. Please discuss each level of the pyramid, and use detailed personal examples to explain each need.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Maslow's hierarchy of needs has been described...

Question 2

Criticisms of Maslow's theory include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)  Research does not support the idea that people want to self-actualize. 
B)  Evidence suggests that met needs become less important. 
C)  His theory was based primarily on the study of Americans. 
D)  The theory does not suggest a regulatory fit.

Question 3

Antoine is an award-winning swimmer. His desire to compete and win is part of his need for __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  attention 
B)  affiliation 
C)  physical activity 
D)  achievement

Question 4

Eileen smiles wherever she goes. She smiles a lot in the classroom, which in turn prompts her fellow students to smile, making them feel happier too. This effect is best explained by which of the following theories of emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  facial feedback 
B)  James-Lange 
C)  cognitive-mediational 
D)  Schachter-Singer

Question 5

The process by which activities are started, directed, and continued so that physical or psychological needs or wants are met is called __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  motivation 
B)  emotion 
C)  achievement 
D)  synergy

Question 6

The concept of __________ replaced the concept of instinct in motivation theory.

Accepted Answer

A)  purpose 
B)  optimal level of stimulation 
C)  drive reduction 
D)  homeostasis

Question 7

What does BMR stand for?

Accepted Answer

A)  basal management regulation 
B)  basal metabolic rate 
C)  buttocks management reduction 
D)  bowel movement regulation

Question 8

Drive-reduction theorists would say that getting a haircut to look attractive is a(n) __________ drive.

Accepted Answer

A)  homeostatic 
B)  acquired (secondary) 
C)  primary 
D)  motive

Question 9

An innate or inborn predisposition to act in a specific way is called a(n) __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  instinct 
B)  drive 
C)  incentive 
D)  need

Question 10

An example of intrinsic motivation is reading a textbook because you __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  want to earn an A on a test 
B)  want to avoid a D or F on a test 
C)  enjoy reading it 
D)  are being paid to read it

Question 11

The structure in the brain that, when damaged, causes rats to eat and eat and eat is called the __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  ventromedial hypothalamus 
B)  lateral hippocampus 
C)  ventromedial pituitary 
D)  lateral hypothalamus

Question 12

In psychology, instinct approaches to motivation have faded because they lacked the goal of __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  description 
B)  explanation 
C)  prediction 
D)  change

Question 13

Henry hasn't eaten for four days and is very hungry. A friend offers to take him to lunch or to a new superhero movie that she knows Henry wants to see. The drive-reduction theory of motivation would predict that Henry __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  is equally likely to select either option 
B)  will select the lunch 
C)  will select the movie 
D)  will not select either option

Question 14

Kiersten saw her old boyfriend and her heart began to race. According to cognitive arousal theory (two-factor theory), is she happy to see him or frightened of him?

Accepted Answer

A)  She is frightened because her emotional reaction came before her heart began to race. 
B)  You cannot tell because she is not displaying a basic emotion. 
C)  It depends on how she interprets the situation. 
D)  She must be frightened because her heart began to race before she reacted emotionally.

Question 15

Which theory maintains that emotion is caused by the interaction of physiological processes and interpretation?

Accepted Answer

A)  James-Lange theory 
B)  cognitive arousal theory (two-factor theory) 
C)  activation theory 
D)  Cannon-Bard theory

Question 16

Which statement is MOST consistent with the James-Lange theory of emotion?

Accepted Answer

A)  "I run because I'm afraid." 
B)  "I'm happy because I laugh." 
C)  "I'm crying because I'm sad." 
D)  "I'm anxious because I perspire."

Question 17

In cultures in which Western lifestyles of eating and exercising have been adopted, obesity rates have __________ over the last 20 years.

Accepted Answer

A)  tripled 
B)  remained relatively stable 
C)  doubled 
D)  decreased slightly

Question 18

__________ theory states that behaviors are motivated by an organism's attempts to reduce tension from conditions such as hunger or thirst and return the body to a state of balance.

Accepted Answer

A)  Drive-reduction 
B)  Homeostatic 
C)  Needs 
D)  Disequilibrium

Question 19

Need for achievement is also referred to as __________.

Accepted Answer

A)  Ach 
B)  NFA 
C)  nAch 
D)  neech

Question 20

McClelland states that there are three types of needs: need for achievement, need for affiliation, and need for power. Explain McClelland's research in these areas, and provide detailed real-life examples to support your explanation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of McClelland states that there are three types...

Exam 9: Motivation and Emotion