Question 1

Describe the significance of the Coca-Cola studies,both personally for the Hollingworths and for the field of psychology.

Accepted Answer

The Coca-Cola studies were significant for the Hollingworths because they paid well and this money enabled Leta Hollingworth to enroll in graduate studies.They were significant for the field of psychology because they were methodologically sophisticated for the time,employing a double-blind procedure to ensure neither the participants nor the researchers knew who was getting the active ingredient versus the placebo.

Question 2

The process of designing tests that can match workers' skills and aptitudes to appropriate forms of work is known as what?

Accepted Answer

A)   personnel selection
B)   motion studies
C)   de-skilling
D)   efficiency testing A

Question 3

With what is "Taylorism" synonymous?

Accepted Answer

A)   scientific management
B)   motion study research
C)   the scientist-practitioner model
D)   German nationalism A

Question 4

Academic psychologists looked down upon early applied psychologists for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   They believed their techniques were not adequately supported by research.
B)   They feared applied psychologists would undermine the reputation of the profession.
C)   They were concerned that applied psychologists would take academic jobs.
D)   They saw applied endeavors as lower status than basic research.

Question 5

Münsterberg's early work challenging Wundt's conceptualization of what subject attracted the favorable attention of William James?

Accepted Answer

A)   habit
B)   speed of nerve conductance
C)   will
D)   emotion

Question 6

Match the definition to the term.
-Hawthorne effect

Accepted Answer

A)  a method in which movie cameras were used to record the detailed physical movements required to perform certain tasks,thus revealing how to design machinery and to create methods to make work more efficient and easier for the worker
B)  a term to define eighteen independent motions of the hand
C)  the impact on performance or behavior of being aware that you are a participant in a study
D)  the process of breaking down each task a worker performed into the specific movements it required,and timing each movement

Question 7

Match the definition to the term.
-psychologization

Accepted Answer

A)  a commonly held social and scientific belief that women become physically and mentally impaired during their menstrual periods
B)  a series of studies that revealed the power of the interpersonal environment to influence employee satisfaction and behavior
C)  the belief that men were more variable than women in both physical and psychological characteristics,and therefore were more likely to occupy the lower and upper ends of the distribution of any trait
D)  the increasing tendency to see almost every aspect of life from a psychological perspective

Question 8

Match the definition to the term.
-human relations movement

Accepted Answer

A)  a shift in research focus to the social and psychological factors influencing performance and satisfaction at work
B)  a system to increase efficiency and productivity in the factory,generally accomplished by having workers do more in less time by giving them quick,repetitive,menial tasks,often on an assembly line
C)  the application of psychology to business and industry
D)  the practice of developing tests that match workers' aptitudes and skills to appropriate jobs

Question 9

After administering nearly 100 tests to Harry Orchard,who had been accused of assassinating former Idaho governor Frank Steuenberg,psychologist __________ was convinced that the accused was __________.

Accepted Answer

A)   Hugo Münsterberg; innocent
B)   Walter Dill Scott; guilty
C)   William Moulton Marston; innocent
D)   Lillian Moller Gilbreth; guilty

Question 10

The pneumograph and the sphygmograph were used by

Accepted Answer

A)   the Gilbreths in their motion studies.
B)   a colleague of Münsterberg in his work on lie detection.
C)   the Hollingworths in their work on the effects of caffeine.
D)   Lightner Witmer in his assessment of children.

Question 11

Match the position with the individual(s).
-Leta Hollingworth and Robert Lowie

Accepted Answer

A)  argued that empirical evidence was needed to justify feminist goals
B)  argued that to work as a clinical psychologist one must have appropriate clinical training
C)  argued that women were too suggestible to be allowed to vote in elections and too stubborn to serve as jury members
D)  promoted a more humanistic form of scientific management

Question 12

Münsterberg offered his expertise in all of the following applied settings EXCEPT for assessing

Accepted Answer

A)   potential ship captains.
B)   potential trolley car operators.
C)   whether an individual accused of murder was telling the truth or not.
D)   potential company managers.

Question 13

Match the definition to the term.
-therbligs

Accepted Answer

A)  a method in which movie cameras were used to record the detailed physical movements required to perform certain tasks,thus revealing how to design machinery and to create methods to make work more efficient and easier for the worker
B)  a term to define eighteen independent motions of the hand
C)  the impact on performance or behavior of being aware that you are a participant in a study
D)  the process of breaking down each task a worker performed into the specific movements it required,and timing each movement

Question 14

Who described their effort to make work more efficient as the "quest for the one best way" to get a task done?

Accepted Answer

A)   Lillian and Frank Gilbreth
B)   Frederick Taylor
C)   Hugo Münsterberg
D)   Leta and Harry Hollingworth

Question 15

Match the accomplishment with the individual(s).
-Lillian Gilbreth

Accepted Answer

A)  conducted methodologically sophisticated research using blind and double-blind procedures
B)  created a lie detector that became widely used in police investigations
C)  created the comic book superheroine Wonder Woman
D)  the only psychologist to appear on a U.S.postage stamp

Question 16

Match the definition to the term.
-functional periodicity

Accepted Answer

A)  a commonly held social and scientific belief that women become physically and mentally impaired during their menstrual periods
B)  a series of studies that revealed the power of the interpersonal environment to influence employee satisfaction and behavior
C)  the belief that men were more variable than women in both physical and psychological characteristics,and therefore were more likely to occupy the lower and upper ends of the distribution of any trait
D)  the increasing tendency to see almost every aspect of life from a psychological perspective

Question 17

Psychologist Walter Dill Scott is well known for his applied work in what field?

Accepted Answer

A)   worker efficiency
B)   advertising
C)   kitchen design
D)   eyewitness testimony

Question 18

Match the definition to the term.
-de-skilling

Accepted Answer

A)  a system in which a standard time was set for each task a worker had to do,those who completed the task in that time or faster got a higher rate of pay,while anyone who did not meet the standard time was penalized
B)  the breaking down of skilled labor into standardized tasks through a careful analysis of industrial work
C)  working below one's normal capacity or speed

Question 19

Whose approach to scientific management aimed not only to make work more efficient,but also individually rewarding for workers?

Accepted Answer

A)   William Marston
B)   Frederick Taylor
C)   The Hollingworths
D)   The Gilbreths

Question 20

The impact,on either performance or behavior,of being aware that you are a participant in a study is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   the Hawthorne effect.
B)   the human relations effect.
C)   Mayo's theory.
D)   therbligs theory.

Exam 16: Applying Psychology: From the Witness Stand to the Workplace

Describe the significance of the Coca-Cola studies,both personally for the Hollingworths and for the field of psychology.

The process of designing tests that can match workers' skills and aptitudes to appropriate forms of work is known as what?

With what is "Taylorism" synonymous?

Academic psychologists looked down upon early applied psychologists for all of the following reasons EXCEPT

Münsterberg's early work challenging Wundt's conceptualization of what subject attracted the favorable attention of William James?

Match the definition to the term. -Hawthorne effect

Match the definition to the term. -psychologization

Match the definition to the term. -human relations movement

After administering nearly 100 tests to Harry Orchard,who had been accused of assassinating former Idaho governor Frank Steuenberg,psychologist was convinced that the accused was .

The pneumograph and the sphygmograph were used by

Match the position with the individual(s) . -Leta Hollingworth and Robert Lowie

Münsterberg offered his expertise in all of the following applied settings EXCEPT for assessing

Match the definition to the term. -therbligs

Who described their effort to make work more efficient as the "quest for the one best way" to get a task done?

Match the accomplishment with the individual(s) . -Lillian Gilbreth

Match the definition to the term. -functional periodicity

Psychologist Walter Dill Scott is well known for his applied work in what field?

Match the definition to the term. -de-skilling

Whose approach to scientific management aimed not only to make work more efficient,but also individually rewarding for workers?

The impact,on either performance or behavior,of being aware that you are a participant in a study is known as