Question 1

What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

Accepted Answer

A)  elevation of the uvula 
B)  contraction of the pharyngeal muscles 
C)  positioning of the tongue 
D)  tight apposition of the vocal cords over the glottis

Question 2

What are the symptoms of constipation (e.g.,abdominal discomfort,headache,and nausea)due to?

Accepted Answer

A)  inhibition of gastric emptying 
B)  absorption of toxins of bacterial origin from the colon 
C)  prolonged distention of the large intestine by the fecal mass 
D)  exhaustion due to frequent straining movements in an effort to initiate the defecation reflex

Question 3

Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-secretion is inhibited by a low pH

Accepted Answer

A) both secretin and CCK 
B) secretin 
C) CCK 
D) gastrin

Question 4

Match the digestive enzyme with the correct characteristic by using the answer code:
-activation initiated by enterokinase

Accepted Answer

A) amylase 
B) trypsin 
C) chymotrypsin 
D) lipase

Question 5

Indicate the site at which digestion of each of the three main categories of foodstuff commences and is completed by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all):
-carbohydrate digestion is completed

Accepted Answer

A) mouth 
B) stomach 
C) small intestine lumen 
D) intracellularly in the small intestine brush border 
E) colon

Question 6

The swallowing centre does not initiate and coordinate secondary peristaltic waves.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Which statement concerning lipids is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are broken down by pepsin. 
B)  They are absorbed into lacteals. 
C)  They enter as micelles.

Question 8

Secretin stimulates the pancreatic ____________________ cells to secrete ____________________,whereas CCK stimulates the pancreatic ____________________ cells to secrete ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Secretin stimulates the pancreatic ____________________ cells to...

Question 9

____________________ are the microscopic projections of the absorptive cells of the small intestine.

Accepted Answer

The answer of ____________________ are the microscopic projections of the...

Question 10

The most potent stimulus for gastrin release is __________________.Gastrin,in turn,is a powerful stimulus for __________________.The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by __________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The most potent stimulus for gastrin release...

Question 11

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the ____________________ [what part?] of the stomach under the influence of ____________________ [what enzyme?],whereas protein digestion takes place in the ____________________ under the influence of ____________________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the ____________________...

Question 12

What enters the duodenum?

Accepted Answer

A)  pancreatic secretions 
B)  Bile 
C)  fatty acids from digested lipids 
D)  pancreatic secretions and bile

Question 13

Migration of a new intestinal epithelial cell from the crypt at the base of the villus to the tip of the villus requires about three weeks.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Considerable vitamin absorption occurs passively in the stomach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which statement concerning secretin is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  The most potent stimulus for secretin secretion is the presence of fat in the duodenum. 
B)  Secretin stimulates pancreatic enzyme secretion. 
C)  Secretin stimulates the secretion of bicarbonate. 
D)  Secretin stimulates the acinar cells.

Question 16

What is NOT a component of saliva?

Accepted Answer

A)  amylase 
B)  mucus 
C)  pepsin 
D)  lysozyme

Question 17

Indicate which item in the top column best describes the item in the bottom column by using the answer code:
-pancreatic duct cell

Accepted Answer

A) secretes NaHCO3 
B) enzyme for protein digestion secreted by pancreas 
C) activates pepsinogen 
D) enzyme for fat digestion 
E) functions inside brush border
F)secretes gastrin
G)stimulates parietal and chief cells
H)enzyme for carbohydrate digestion that functions primarily in the body of the stomach
I)secreted by chief cells
J)secretes pancreatic enzymes
K)secreted by duodenal cells in response to the presence of acid
L)stimulates pancreatic acinar cells

Question 18

Which statement concerning peptic ulcers is INCORRECT?

Accepted Answer

A)  They are usually caused by excessive neural stimulation. 
B)  They are usually caused by bacterial infection. 
C)  They compromise the mucosal barrier and stomach wall.

Question 19

Which statement concerning the salivary secretion is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is entirely under neural control (i.e., there is no hormonal control of salivary secretion). 
B)  It is a passive secretion. 
C)  It is stimulated by the parasympathetic nervous system and inhibited by the sympathetic nervous system. 
D)  It secretes hormones.

Question 20

Which statement concerning lactose intolerance is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is caused by lack of a specific disaccharidase. 
B)  It is caused by lack of lactose. 
C)  It results in bacterial metabolism of lactose. 
D)  It is caused by lack of a specific disaccharidases resulting in bacterial metabolism of lactose.

Exam 14: The Digestive System

What prevents food from entering the trachea during swallowing?

What are the symptoms of constipation (e.g.,abdominal discomfort,headache,and nausea) due to?

Indicate which hormone(s) is being described by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -secretion is inhibited by a low pH

Match the digestive enzyme with the correct characteristic by using the answer code: -activation initiated by enterokinase

Indicate the site at which digestion of each of the three main categories of foodstuff commences and is completed by using the answer code (options may be used more than once or not at all) : -carbohydrate digestion is completed

The swallowing centre does not initiate and coordinate secondary peristaltic waves.

Which statement concerning lipids is NOT true?

Secretin stimulates the pancreatic cells to secrete ,whereas CCK stimulates the pancreatic cells to secrete .

____________________ are the microscopic projections of the absorptive cells of the small intestine.

The most potent stimulus for gastrin release is .Gastrin,in turn,is a powerful stimulus for .The PGA is directly inhibited from releasing gastrin by __.

Carbohydrate digestion takes place in the [what part?] of the stomach under the influence of [what enzyme?],whereas protein digestion takes place in the under the influence of .

What enters the duodenum?

Migration of a new intestinal epithelial cell from the crypt at the base of the villus to the tip of the villus requires about three weeks.

Considerable vitamin absorption occurs passively in the stomach.

Which statement concerning secretin is correct?

What is NOT a component of saliva?

Indicate which item in the top column best describes the item in the bottom column by using the answer code: -pancreatic duct cell

Which statement concerning peptic ulcers is INCORRECT?

Which statement concerning the salivary secretion is correct?

Which statement concerning lactose intolerance is correct?