Question 1

One case of smallpox occurs in a population in which it was previously eliminated. Which of the following best describes what has occurred?

Accepted Answer

A)   Endemic
B)   Epidemic
C)   Pandemic
D)   Infectivity B

Question 2

A nurse is providing education to a mother about the importance of having her infant immunized for measles, mumps, and rubella. Which of the following best describes the type of immunity that will be provided?

Accepted Answer

A)   Active
B)   Passive
C)   Natural
D)   Acquired A

Question 3

A nurse is discussing the role of a vector in the spread of disease. Which of the following is the nurse most likely referring to?

Accepted Answer

A)   Contaminated water
B)   A tick
C)   A dirty needle
D)   An infected person B

Question 4

A nurse is teaching members of the community about vertical transmission of a disease. Which route would the nurse most likely discuss?

Accepted Answer

A)   Breast milk
B)   Sexual contact
C)   Mosquito bites
D)   Contaminated food

Question 5

What causes food intoxication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Toxins produced by bacterial growth and chemical contaminants
B)   Bacterial, viral, or parasitic invasion of food
C)   Overcooking of meat and produce
D)   Adding too many spices or ingredients to food

Question 6

Requirements for disease reporting in the United States are mandated by what entity?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CD
C)  
B)   Federal laws
C)   State laws and regulations
D)   The World Health Organization (WHO)

Question 7

What is immunity a characteristic of?

Accepted Answer

A)   An agent factor
B)   A host factor
C)   An environmental factor
D)   An epidemiologic triad

Question 8

A nurse is working in a health department when a patient arrives who has been traveling to South America and has been diagnosed with malaria. Which of the following considerations should be made by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   The Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report should be consulted to investigate the rate of malaria in the United States.
B)   This is a disease that must be reported to the state health department.
C)   The nurse should take precautions to wear a mask and gown to avoid exposure.
D)   The patient is very ill and should be sent to the hospital immediately.

Question 9

A nurse is investigating the role of the agent in the cause of an illness. Which of the following best describes what the nurse is examining?

Accepted Answer

A)   Host resilience
B)   Virus
C)   Infectiousness
D)   Insect bite

Question 10

Which elements of surveillance does a nurse use? (Select all that apply.)

Accepted Answer

A)   Mortality registration
B)   Epidemic field investigation
C)   Laboratory reporting
D)   Individual case investigation
E)   Application of research

Question 11

A community health nurse is caring for a client with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA). Which of the following should the nurse be aware of?

Accepted Answer

A)   Persons with MRSA usually have a chronic illness.
B)   MRSA is a hospital-acquired infection and not often seen in the community.
C)   Vancomycin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (VR
E)   follows MRSA.
D)   MRSA is becoming more common in the community.

Question 12

A nurse promotes the use of universal precautions by all health care workers. Which of the following best describes the action that was taken by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary prevention
B)   Secondary prevention
C)   Tertiary prevention
D)   Health care-associated infection

Question 13

A community health nurse investigates an outbreak of pinworm at a local daycare center. To minimize the spread of infection, which of the following suggestions would the nurse provide to the daycare workers?

Accepted Answer

A)   Close the daycare until all surfaces are cleaned.
B)   No action is necessary because it is easily treated with oral vermicides.
C)   Using good hand washing is important to prevent the transmission.
D)   Every child in the daycare should be treated because they all are probably infected.

Question 14

The ability of an agent to produce a severe pathologic reaction is known by what term?

Accepted Answer

A)   Antigenicity
B)   Invasiveness
C)   Toxicity
D)   Virulence

Question 15

A community health nurse has recently become involved in surveillance. Which of the following describes the situation that the nurse is in?

Accepted Answer

A)   Educating clients about influenza immunizations
B)   Collecting information about occurrence of measles
C)   Evaluating the effectiveness of an HIV/AIDS prevention program
D)   Advocating for changes in the national disease reporting requirements

Question 16

A public health nurse (PHN) understands that the emergence of new infectious diseases is influenced by the what?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased availability of immunizations
B)   Globalization of food supplies
C)   Decreased use of child care facilities
D)   Creation of sanitation systems in third world countries

Question 17

The nurse teaches food handlers to wash utensils after contact with raw meat. Which of the following best describes the focus of this education?

Accepted Answer

A)   Agent
B)   Host
C)   Environment
D)   Food handler

Question 18

A nurse administers a rabies immunization post-exposure to an animal bite. Considering the interventions used with infectious disease, which of the following levels of prevention is being used?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary prevention
B)   Secondary prevention
C)   Tertiary prevention
D)   Assessment

Question 19

A public health nurse (PHN) would like to increase the immunization coverage of infants and toddlers. Which of the following strategies would be appropriate for the nurse to use?

Accepted Answer

A)   Read the Mortality and Morbidity Weekly Report to learn about vaccinations.
B)   Require that children have all their immunizations before going to public school.
C)   Track children known to be at risk for under-immunization.
D)   Lead teams of health care workers to enforce laws related to immunizations.

Question 20

The nurse provides footwear and gloves to leprosy clients to prevent trauma to their insensitive and deformed hands and feet. Which of the following best describes the intervention used by the nurse?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary level of prevention
B)   Secondary level of prevention
C)   Tertiary level of prevention
D)   Primary health care

Exam 14: Infectious Disease Prevention and Control