Question 1

What is the fate of erythrocytes when anaerobic metabolic enzymes are reduced in concentration or absent?

Accepted Answer

A)  destruction by the liver
B)  destruction by monocytes in the blood
C)  hemolysis
D)  destruction by complement C

Question 2

What important function does 2,3-BPG perform?

Accepted Answer

A)  maintains iron in the hemoglobin molecule in the ferrous state
B)  prevents oxidative injury to the red cell
C)  facilitates the delivery of oxygen to tissue
D)  aids in the exchange of membrane lipids with lipids in plasma C

Question 3

What is responsible for erythrocyte deformability and maintaining cell shape?

Accepted Answer

A)  membrane proteins
B)  Na+ and K+ pump
C)  membrane lipids
D)  Ca2+ pump A

Question 4

What is the normal life span of a red cell in circulation?

Accepted Answer

A)  2 weeks
B)  90 days
C)  120 days
D)  6 months

Question 5

Why is the mature erythrocyte unable to synthesize proteins or lipids?

Accepted Answer

A)  It has no nucleus.
B)  It has no ribonucleic acid (RN
A)  .
C)  It cannot generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP) .
D)  Carrying oxygen interferes with synthesis.

Question 6

The principle energy source for mature red blood cells (RBCs)is

Accepted Answer

A)  the Krebs cycle.
B)  the hexose monophosphate pathway.
C)  ATP generated from anaerobic glycolysis.
D)  adenosine diphosphate (ADP)  generated from aerobic glycolysis.

Question 7

Select the metabolic pathway that converts toxic hydrogen peroxide produced by oxidant drugs to water:

Accepted Answer

A)  Embden-Meyerhof pathway (EMP) 
B)  2,3-biphosphoglycerate (2,3-BPG) 
C)  methemoglobin reductase reaction
D)  hexose monophosphate pathway

Question 8

What components of the erythrocyte membrane are responsible for its negative charge and are also blood group antigens?

Accepted Answer

A)  peripheral proteins
B)  cholesterol
C)  cation pumps
D)  transmembrane proteins

Question 9

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD)is

Accepted Answer

A)  an extremely rare enzyme deficiency.
B)  necessary to maintain reduced glutathione in the mature red cell.
C)  important for the production of ATP in the mature red cell.
D)  important for the transport of carbon dioxide by the mature red cell.

Question 10

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that regulates oxygen delivery to tissues?

Accepted Answer

A)  EMP
B)  2,3-BPG
C)  methemoglobin reductase reaction
D)  hexose monophosphate pathway

Question 11

Which of the following is most responsible for the strength and pliancy of the red cell membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  glycophorin A
B)  spectrin
C)  cholesterol
D)  ankyrin

Question 12

Which of the following is the metabolic pathway that generates a net gain of two molecules of ATP for erythrocyte energy needs?

Accepted Answer