Question 1

Which of the following will have the greatest ratio of surface area to volume?

Accepted Answer

A)  A box that is 2×2×2. 
B)  A box that is 1×1×1. 
C)  A box that is 2×2×1. 
D)  A box that is 1×1×2.

Question 2

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe and measure the size of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  a hand lens (magnifying glass) 
B)  standard light microscopy 
C)  scanning electron microscopy 
D)  transmission electron microscopy

Question 3

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplast 
B)  central vacuole 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  centriole

Question 4

The nuclear lamina is an array of intermediate filaments that line the inner side of the nuclear membrane. If a chemical treatment caused the lamina to disassemble, what would you expect to be the most likely immediate consequence?

Accepted Answer

A)  closing of nuclear pores 
B)  the inability of the nucleus to divide during cell division 
C)  a loss of genetic information from chromosomes 
D)  a change in the shape of the nucleus

Question 5

Which of the following structures form cytoplasmic channels that connect adjacent plant cells through the cell walls?

Accepted Answer

A)  desmosomes 
B)  gap junctions 
C)  plasmodesmata 
D)  tight junctions

Question 6

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplast 
B)  central vacuole 
C)  mitochondrion 
D)  centriole

Question 7

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Accepted Answer

A)  tubulin 
B)  laminin 
C)  actin 
D)  intermediate filaments

Question 8

Which of the following organelles produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosome 
B)  mitochondrion 
C)  Golgi apparatus 
D)  peroxisome

Question 9

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  plasmodesmata 
B)  tight junctions 
C)  desmosomes 
D)  gap junctions

Question 10

Where are proteins produced other than on ribosomes free in the cytosol or ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

Accepted Answer

A)  in lysosomes 
B)  in the Golgi apparatus 
C)  in the nucleolus 
D)  in mitochondria

Question 11

Spherocytosis is a human blood disorder associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in the red blood cells (RBCs). What do you suspect is the consequence of such a defect?

Accepted Answer

A)  abnormally shaped RBCs 
B)  an insufficient supply of ATP in the RBCs 
C)  an insufficient supply of oxygen-transporting proteins in the RBCs 
D)  adherence of RBCs to blood vessel walls, causing plaque formation

Question 12

Researchers investigating the mechanism of vesicular transport assembled a cell-free system that included microtubule tracks, vesicles, and ATP. However, they observed no movement of transport of vesicles in this system. What were they missing?

Accepted Answer

A)  an axon 
B)  contractile microfilaments 
C)  intermediate filaments 
D)  motor proteins

Question 13

Cilia and flagella bend because of ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  conformational changes in ATP that thrust microtubules laterally 
B)  a motor protein called radial spokes 
C)  contraction by myosin 
D)  a motor protein called dynein

Question 14

Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

Accepted Answer

A)  mitochondria. 
B)  ribosomes. 
C)  peroxisomes. 
D)  lysosomes.

Question 15

A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules is associated with ________.

Accepted Answer

A)  bacterial flagella 
B)  eukaryotic flagella and motile cilia 
C)  eukaryotic flagella, motile cilia, and nonmotile cilia 
D)  centrioles and basal bodies

Question 16

Which of the following is the most common pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → nucleus 
B)  Golgi → rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
C)  rough ER → Golgi → transport vesicle → plasma membrane 
D)  rough ER → lysosome → transport vesicle → plasma membrane

Question 17

Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria and Eukarya 
B)  Bacteria and Archaea 
C)  Archaea and Fungi 
D)  Bacteria and Protista

Question 18

Suppose a young boy is always tired and fatigued, suffering from a metabolic disease. Which of the following organelles is most likely malfunctioning in this disease?

Accepted Answer

A)  lysosomes 
B)  Golgi apparatus 
C)  mitochondria 
D)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 19

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle is most likely defective in this condition?

Accepted Answer

A)  the lysosome 
B)  the Golgi apparatus 
C)  the smooth endoplasmic reticulum 
D)  the rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 20

Gaucher disease is the most common of lipid storage diseases in humans. It is caused by a deficiency of an enzyme necessary for the breakdown of lipids. This leads to the accumulation of fatty material in organs of the body including the spleen, liver, kidneys, lungs, brain, and bone marrow.
Using your knowledge of the structure of eukaryotic cells, identify the statement below that best explains how internal membranes and the organelles of cells may be involved in Gaucher disease.

Accepted Answer

A)  The mitochondria are most likely defective and do not produce adequate amounts of ATP needed for cellular energy. 
B)  The rough endoplasmic reticulum contains too many ribosomes, which results in an overproduction of the enzyme involved in lipid breakdown. 
C)  The lysosomes lack sufficient amounts of enzymes necessary for the metabolism of lipids. 
D)  The Golgi apparatus produces vesicles with faulty membranes, which fail to be transported to the plasma membrane for secretion.

Exam 6: A Tour of the Cell

Which of the following will have the greatest ratio of surface area to volume?

Which of the following would be most appropriate method to observe and measure the size of ribosomes in a eukaryotic cell?

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

The nuclear lamina is an array of intermediate filaments that line the inner side of the nuclear membrane. If a chemical treatment caused the lamina to disassemble, what would you expect to be the most likely immediate consequence?

Which of the following structures form cytoplasmic channels that connect adjacent plant cells through the cell walls?

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Cells require which of the following to form cilia or flagella?

Which of the following organelles produces and modifies polysaccharides that will be secreted?

Ions can travel directly from the cytoplasm of one animal cell to the cytoplasm of an adjacent cell through ________.

Where are proteins produced other than on ribosomes free in the cytosol or ribosomes attached to the endoplasmic reticulum?

Spherocytosis is a human blood disorder associated with a defective cytoskeletal protein in the red blood cells (RBCs) . What do you suspect is the consequence of such a defect?

Researchers investigating the mechanism of vesicular transport assembled a cell-free system that included microtubule tracks, vesicles, and ATP. However, they observed no movement of transport of vesicles in this system. What were they missing?

Cilia and flagella bend because of ________.

Cyanide binds to at least one molecule involved in producing ATP. If a cell is exposed to cyanide, most of the cyanide will be found within the

A characteristic 9 + 2 arrangement of microtubules, consisting of nine doublets of microtubules surrounding a pair of single microtubules is associated with ________.

Which of the following is the most common pathway taken by a newly synthesized protein that will be secreted by a cell?

Which domains of life are classified as prokaryotes?

Suppose a young boy is always tired and fatigued, suffering from a metabolic disease. Which of the following organelles is most likely malfunctioning in this disease?

Tay-Sachs disease is a human genetic abnormality that results in cells accumulating and becoming clogged with very large, complex, undigested lipids. Which cellular organelle is most likely defective in this condition?