Question 1

The respiratory therapist is assigned to the pediatric unit of the hospital. The physician who is caring for a 3-year-old boy with LTB asks what respiratory therapy treatments should be given. The respiratory therapist should suggest which of the following?
1) Racemic epinephrine
2) Cool mist
3) Antibiotics
4) Endotracheal or tracheostomy tube

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2
B)  2, 4
C)  1, 2, 3
D)  2, 3, 4 A

Question 2

Which of the following is/are commonly seen on the lateral neck x-ray of a patient with LTB?
1) "Pencil point" narrowing of the upper airway
2) Haziness in the subglottic area
3) Classic "thumb sign"
4) "Steeple point" narrowing of the upper airway

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3
B)  2, 4
C)  1, 2, 4
D)  2, 3, 4 C

Question 3

The following would not be expected during the assessment of a young child with LTB?

Accepted Answer

A)   Decreased respiratory rate.
B)   Diminished breath sounds.
C)   Use of accessory muscles.
D)   Hypoxemia. A

Question 4

What is the main clinical risk facing a patient with epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Secretions will block the trachea.
B)   The epiglottis will bleed.
C)   The laryngeal inlet may become covered by the epiglottis.
D)   The vocal cords will spasm and close the laryngeal inlet.

Question 5

The diagnosis of epiglottitis is aided by:
1) laying the patient down and observing the throat with a tongue blade.
2) visualization of the throat during tracheal intubation.
3) observing if the patient can swallow.
4) observing how the patient holds his/her tongue.

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2
B)  3, 4
C)  2, 3, 4
D)  1, 3, 4

Question 6

In evaluating a 16-month-old boy, the respiratory therapist finds him to be in mild respiratory distress, without a fever, but with a barking-type cough. A lateral neck x-ray taken in the emergency department shows a "steeple point" narrowing of the trachea. Based on this information, which of the following would the respiratory therapist conclude is the most probable diagnosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Acute bronchitis
B)   Epiglottitis
C)   Bronchiolitis
D)   LTB

Question 7

Childhood vaccination is done to prevent which of the following possible causes of epiglottitis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Haemophilus influenza type B
B)   Streptococcus pneumoniae
C)   Diphtheria
D)   Parainfluenza viruses

Question 8

The medication racemic epinephrine is given to a patient with LTB because it:

Accepted Answer

A)   is an effective bronchodilator.
B)   causes mucosal vasoconstriction.
C)   causes bradycardia.
D)   has an appealing taste and smell.

Question 9

The barking sound heard in a patient with LTB is caused by which of the following?

Accepted Answer

A)   Partial lower airway obstruction
B)   Partial upper airway obstruction
C)   Expiration against a partially closed glottis
D)   Pharyngeal edema

Question 10

A patient has epiglottitis. This condition will affect which of the following?
1) Pharynx
2) Aryepiglottic folds
3) False vocal cords
4) Trachea

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2
B)  2, 3
C)  1, 2, 3
D)  2, 3, 4

Question 11

The diagnosis of LTB typically does not include the child:

Accepted Answer

A)   having inspiratory stridor and barking cough.
B)   having a normal temperature or low fever.
C)   having a significant fever.
D)   Being able to drink without difficulty.

Question 12

A patient has been diagnosed with bacterial tracheitis. Which of the following antibiotics should the respiratory therapist most likely recommend?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cloxacillin
B)   Nebcin
C)   Keflex
D)   Unasyn

Question 13

When a patient has laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB), which of the following is the primary anatomic alteration that is found?

Accepted Answer

A)   Edema of the mucous membranes
B)   Airway smooth muscle contraction
C)   Excessive alveolar fluid
D)   Epiglottitis

Question 14

Most cases of LTB occur during which seasons of the year?
1) Spring
2) Summer
3) Fall
4) Winter

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 2
B)  2, 4
C)  3, 4
D)  1, 2, 3

Question 15

Which of the following anatomic alterations may be found in a patient with LTB?
1) Increased secretions
2) Ineffective cilia
3) Narrowed airway lumen
4) Excessive surfactant production

Accepted Answer

A)  1, 3
B)  1, 2, 4
C)  2, 3, 4
D)  1, 2, 3

Exam 43: Croup and Croup-Like Syndromes: Laryngotracheobronchitis, Bacterial Tracheitis, and Acute Epiglottitis

Which of the following is/are commonly seen on the lateral neck x-ray of a patient with LTB? 1) "Pencil point" narrowing of the upper airway 2) Haziness in the subglottic area 3) Classic "thumb sign" 4) "Steeple point" narrowing of the upper airway

The following would not be expected during the assessment of a young child with LTB?

What is the main clinical risk facing a patient with epiglottitis?

The diagnosis of epiglottitis is aided by: 1) laying the patient down and observing the throat with a tongue blade. 2) visualization of the throat during tracheal intubation. 3) observing if the patient can swallow. 4) observing how the patient holds his/her tongue.

Childhood vaccination is done to prevent which of the following possible causes of epiglottitis?

The medication racemic epinephrine is given to a patient with LTB because it:

The barking sound heard in a patient with LTB is caused by which of the following?

A patient has epiglottitis. This condition will affect which of the following? 1) Pharynx 2) Aryepiglottic folds 3) False vocal cords 4) Trachea

The diagnosis of LTB typically does not include the child:

A patient has been diagnosed with bacterial tracheitis. Which of the following antibiotics should the respiratory therapist most likely recommend?

When a patient has laryngotracheobronchitis (LTB) , which of the following is the primary anatomic alteration that is found?

Most cases of LTB occur during which seasons of the year? 1) Spring 2) Summer 3) Fall 4) Winter

Which of the following anatomic alterations may be found in a patient with LTB? 1) Increased secretions 2) Ineffective cilia 3) Narrowed airway lumen 4) Excessive surfactant production