Question 1

Which one of the following statements is an assumption of the learning sciences?

Accepted Answer

A)  Novices have a wide range of procedural knowledge. 
B)  Prior knowledge does not impact learning as much as earlier researchers believed. 
C)  Novices have deep conceptual knowledge. 
D)  Learning is more than receiving information from teachers and texts.

Question 2

How large should a cooperative group be if your goal is to encourage students to participate in discussion?

Accepted Answer

A)  two to four members 
B)  six to ten members 
C)  never more than ten members 
D)  the smaller the better

Question 3

The theory that states that the way we think develops from real-time, goal-directed interaction between humans and their environment is known as ____________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The theory that states that the way...

Question 4

Which of the following teachers incorporates one or more of the common elements of constructivist student-centred teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Mr. Tindal gives the students additional homework questions for extra credit when he covers complex new concepts in science. 
B)  Ms. Fowler writes the assignments on the board and has seatwork ready for students when they arrive each morning. 
C)  Mr. Franks rewards his students with extra points when they complete their spelling assignments and make a perfect score on the test. 
D)  Mrs. Kim's math centre has containers with coloured beads, building blocks, and play money for children to use when they solve tasks together.

Question 5

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for effective reciprocal teaching?

Accepted Answer

A)  Shift responsibility from teacher to student gradually. 
B)  Match demands to abilities. 
C)  Group according to abilities. 
D)  Diagnose thinking.

Question 6

When pre-service teachers engage in student teaching, they are learning with the support and guidance of an expert teacher. This method is based on the idea that knowledge and skills are best learned in the context in which they will be later used in the real-world setting. This model of teacher preparation emphasizes ________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When pre-service teachers engage in student teaching,...

Question 7

The notion that "there is no reality or truth in the world, only the individual's perceptions and beliefs" can be ascribed to

Accepted Answer

A)  radical constructivism. 
B)  first wave constructivism. 
C)  social constructivism. 
D)  second wave constructivism.

Question 8

The preschool children in Ms. Anderson's class love to use technology-everything from computers to smartphones and tablets. Parents of several children talk with pride about their child's techno savvy ways. Based on your knowledge of studies about the use of technology with young children, which parents are boasting about technology use that is NOT good for the child?

Accepted Answer

A)  Devan's parents talk about his skill in learning to turn gadgets on and off and listen to voicemail messages. 
B)  Jazz's parents talk about the way she can sit for an hour by herself and do the drill-and-practice program about numbers. 
C)  Larena's parents talk about her following simple spoken instructions that lead her through games of rhyming words. 
D)  Paul's parents talk about his skill in using the iPad's camera to capture plants and animals that interest him.

Question 9

According to McCaslin and Good (1996), the advantages of group learning are so superior to individual learning approaches teachers do not need to question the possible disadvantages of group learning.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The method that confronts students are with realistic problems that do not necessarily have a "right" answer, is known as ________ learning.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The method that confronts students are with...

Question 11

Group work and cooperative learning are simply different terms used for the same instructional approach.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

Service learning refers to problem-based learning projects which are outside of the student's curriculum.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Which of the following is TRUE of reciprocal questioning?

Accepted Answer

A)  It is a form of structured controversies. 
B)  It requires special materials and testing procedures for effectiveness. 
C)  Is only appropriate to use among students in Piaget's concrete operations stage. 
D)  The teacher provides question stems to start.

Question 14

Cooperative learning involves the following:

Accepted Answer

A)  Elaboration, interpretation, and argumentation 
B)  Shared values, lack of conflict, and creativity 
C)  Cognitive flexibility, competition, and self-respect 
D)  Extrinsic rewards, elaboration, and autonomy

Question 15

Ms. Angelo provided support students needed to get started on a multifaceted assignment. She circulated, answering questions, making suggestions, and encouraging students to review the instructions. On the second day, she monitored students as they continued to work on the project. Now she is certain that everyone is on the right track. Students' understanding has deepened, and they have very few questions. On day three of this assignment, what level of scaffolding is appropriate?

Accepted Answer

A)  Fading support 
B)  Differentiation 
C)  Contingency support 
D)  Transfer of responsibility to students

Question 16

Constructivist theories of learning usually agree on two central ideas. One central idea states that social interactions are important in the process of constructing knowledge. What is the other central idea?

Accepted Answer

A)  Individuals do not construct knowledge; groups construct knowledge. 
B)  Learners must be taught to construct knowledge. 
C)  The role of the teacher is important in the process of constructing knowledge. 
D)  Learners are active in constructing their own knowledge.

Question 17

A small group is assigned to research whether or not capital punishment should be used in Canada. Each pair of the four-person group researches the issue, develops a pro or con position, and presents their position and evidence to the other pair. They reverse positions and argue for the other perspective. The group collaboratively develops a report that summarizes the best arguments for each side and reaches a consensus. This best describes the use of

Accepted Answer

A)  a formalized debate. 
B)  guided discovery. 
C)  structured controversy. 
D)  reciprocal questioning.

Question 18

In assigning roles in cooperative learning groups, the student that makes sure the group understands the learning task is referred to as the

Accepted Answer

A)  reflector. 
B)  quiet captain. 
C)  checker. 
D)  gatekeeper.

Question 19

In cooperative learning groups, the primary role of the materials monitor is to select the material to be studied.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 20

Piaget's approach to learning is an example of what type of constructivism?

Accepted Answer

A)  Both externally and internally directed 
B)  Externally directed 
C)  Internally directed 
D)  Logically directed

Exam 10: The Learning Sciences and Constructivism

Which one of the following statements is an assumption of the learning sciences?

How large should a cooperative group be if your goal is to encourage students to participate in discussion?

The theory that states that the way we think develops from real-time, goal-directed interaction between humans and their environment is known as ____________.

Which of the following teachers incorporates one or more of the common elements of constructivist student-centred teaching?

Which of the following is NOT a guideline for effective reciprocal teaching?

The notion that "there is no reality or truth in the world, only the individual's perceptions and beliefs" can be ascribed to

According to McCaslin and Good (1996), the advantages of group learning are so superior to individual learning approaches teachers do not need to question the possible disadvantages of group learning.

The method that confronts students are with realistic problems that do not necessarily have a "right" answer, is known as ________ learning.

Group work and cooperative learning are simply different terms used for the same instructional approach.

Service learning refers to problem-based learning projects which are outside of the student's curriculum.

Which of the following is TRUE of reciprocal questioning?

Cooperative learning involves the following:

Constructivist theories of learning usually agree on two central ideas. One central idea states that social interactions are important in the process of constructing knowledge. What is the other central idea?

In assigning roles in cooperative learning groups, the student that makes sure the group understands the learning task is referred to as the

In cooperative learning groups, the primary role of the materials monitor is to select the material to be studied.

Piaget's approach to learning is an example of what type of constructivism?