Question 1

Use the following case study to answer questions 
These questions require comprehension of various sections of the chapter to answer, but are placed together here to keep them together with the Case Study: Yun Jung is a 56-year-old postmenopausal fashion designer from Korea. She is visiting the U.S. for the first time and is having a bit of a challenge adjusting to the food available. She admits she is not very active but does try to eat healthy. She has always been thin and is currently 5’ tall and weighs 95 lbs. Her diet typically consists mostly of rice, lots of vegetables (except she doesn’t like spinach or greens), soy, a little fish, and lots of tea. She is not lactose intolerant. On a sight-seeing trip, she twisted her left ankle and fell. She was taken to the emergency room and was shocked to find that she had fractured her left fibula. The x-ray confirmed type 1 osteoporosis.
-What in Yun Jung’s diet should she be careful to avoid consuming at the same time that she is consuming foods rich in calcium?

Accepted Answer

A) Tea 
B) Vegetables 
C) Protein 
D) Soy 
E) Fish

Question 2

Which organs regulate, either individually or collectively, the amount of each major mineral in the body?

Accepted Answer

A) Small intestine and liver 
B) Large intestine and liver 
C) Large intestine and kidneys 
D) Small intestine and kidneys

Question 3

Osteoporosis can result in a curvature of the upper spine called _______________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Osteoporosis can result in a curvature of...

Question 4

Kaleb is working on a construction crew in Tucson, Arizona for the summer. While he is happy to have work, he can’t seem to get enough to drink. He brings a gallon jug of water with him to work every day and finishes it by noon. How much more water should Kaleb bring with him to the construction site?

Accepted Answer

A) An extra 24-oz.bottle of water 
B) An extra quart container of water 
C) An extra half-gallon container of water 
D) A second gallon container of water

Question 5

What hormone stimulates the kidneys to conserve water by decreasing urine production and output?

Accepted Answer

A) Adrenalin 
B) Aldosterone 
C) Angiotensin 
D) Antidiuretic hormone

Question 6

Magnesium deficiency has been investigated to determine whether it increases the risk for cardiovascular disease and predisposes people to type 2 diabetes. To date, how convincing is the evidence from clinical trials?

Accepted Answer

A) Strongly convincing 
B) Moderately convincing 
C) Marginally convincing 
D) Not convincing

Question 7

What is hypokalemia, and how does it occur?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is hypokalemia, and how does it...

Question 8

What is the term that refers to the extent to which a nutrient is absorbed in the gastrointestinal tract?

Accepted Answer

A) Bioavailability 
B) Absorbability 
C) Attainability 
D) Accessibility

Question 9

All people with hypertension benefi form a low-salt diet.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

John, a senior in high school, routinely consumes 4-5 soft drinks daily and almost no dairy products. What is he at increased risk for developing?

Accepted Answer

A) Magnesium toxicity and potentially obesity 
B) Potassium toxicity and potentially rickets 
C) Phosphorous toxicity and potentially loss of muscle tissue 
D) Calcium deficiency and demineralization of bone

Question 11

All of the following are associated with high calcium intakes except:

Accepted Answer

A) impaired kidney function. 
B) formation of kidney stones. 
C) interference with the bioavailability of iron and copper. 
D) calcium deposition in muscle tissue.

Question 12

What do medications and lifestyle changes do for a patient with osteoporosis?

Accepted Answer

A) Reverse the disease's progression 
B) Prevent the disease's development 
C) Slow the disease's progression 
D) Stop the disease's progression

Question 13

What is the most abundant cation in the extracellular fluids?

Accepted Answer

A) Potassium 
B) Magnesium 
C) Sodium 
D) Chloride

Question 14

Children are likely to develop rickets if their diet provides insufficient quantities of which nutrients?

Accepted Answer

A) Vitamin D and calcium 
B) Vitamin C and magnesium 
C) Vitamin C and chloride 
D) Vitamin D and potassium

Question 15

What dose weight-bearing exercise do?

Accepted Answer

A) Decreases the overall rate of bone remodeling 
B) Increases the overall rate of bone remodeling 
C) Increases the rate of conversion of cartilage into bone 
D) Decreases the rate of conversion of cartilage into bone

Question 16

Why, if 99% of the calcium in the body is in bones and teeth, are there such elaborate mechanisms to regulate the 1% of calcium that is in the blood?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Why, if 99% of the calcium in...

Question 17

What is the major function of the cortical bone?

Accepted Answer

A) Provide strength 
B) Produce red blood cells 
C) Produce while blood cells 
D) Produce platelets

Question 18

Breakdown of bone is facilitated by:

Accepted Answer

A) osteoblasts. 
B) osteoclasts. 
C) calcitriol. 
D) parathyroid hormone.

Question 19

What level of sodium intake should be the maximum for the general population?

Accepted Answer

A) 2300 mg/day 
B) 3000 mg/day 
C) 3800 mg/day 
D) 4400 mg/day

Question 20

Spinach contains a highly bioavailable source of calcium.

Accepted Answer